Impact of novel endophytes in perennial ryegrass on herbage production and insect pests from pastures under dairy cow grazing in northern New Zealand

Thom, E. R.; Popay, Alison J.; Waugh, C. D.; Minneé, E. M. K.

doi:10.1111/gfs.12040

Cited by 65 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The influence of endophytes on herbage and root biomass productivity has already been demonstrated in several hosts (Hesse et al 2005;Thom et al 2013;Mahendra et al 2014). However, most of those experiments were performed on grasses using clavicipitaceous fungi, especially Epichloë/Neotyphodium species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…An additional basic requirement is that endophytes do not produce toxic forage for livestock. This fact should be further investigated as several associations of fungal endophyte-plant host have been shown to produce secondary metabolites, such as lolitrem B, ergovaline, peramine, etc., which can cause animal diseases (Fuchs et al 2013;Thom et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have reported increases in biomass production and in re-growth capacity in endophyte-infected plants in comparison with uninfected ones (Hesse et al 2005;Thom et al 2013;Mahendra et al 2014). The nutrive value of Festuca rubra L., F. arundinacea Schreb.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These effects could be a consequence of the substantial benefits that endophytic fungi may confer on hosting plants, such as drought tolerance (Hall et al 2014), resistance to herbivory and pathogens (Thom et al 2013;Romeralo et al 2015), enhanced nutrient uptake (Yang et al 2014), and increased competitive ability (Vázquez-de-Aldana et al 2013). However, this influence appears to be variable and clearly dependent on the species of endophyte, the host genotype and environmental conditions (Ahlholm et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Biomass yield, nutritive value and accumulation of minerals in Trifolium subterraneum L. as affected by fungal endophytes

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and aims Trifolium subterraneum is a legume species which is valuable for feeding livestock and frequently used as a forage crop in countries with temperate or Mediterranean-like climates. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of six leaf fungal endophytes on biomass production, nutritive value and mineral status of T. subterraneum forage. Methods Plants were inoculated with each of seven treatments (six endophytes + control) at two different growth stages. After inoculation, two experiments (under greenhouse and field conditions) were established. Results Endophytes affected biomass yield, nutritive value and mineral status of T. subterraneum forage, but effects varied between experiments and depended on fungal species. E202 (Chaetosphaeronema sp.) increased forage productivity by around 80 % in the field. Fusarium lateritium and E244 (Pleosporales) reduced Al concentration, and Epicoccum nigrum reduced Pb of the forage in the greenhouse experiment. An increase in essential nutrients, such as Zn, was mainly produced by Stemphylium globuliferum. Conclusions This study demonstrated that inoculation with endophytes can increase forage productivity and help reduce potential nutrient deficiencies and/or potential mineral toxicity in T. subterraneum.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Biomass yield, nutritive value and accumulation of minerals in Trifolium subterraneum L. as affected by fungal endophytes

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ergovaline causes heat stress (Klotz 2015), as well as giving ryegrass protection against black beetle (Heteronychus arator) (Ball et al 1997;Popay and Hume 2011). Due to the beneficial effects of endophytes, the cultivation of endophyte-free ryegrass for permanent pastures is not a costeffective option under most farming conditions in Australia and New Zealand due to poor productivity and persistence of the ryegrass component (Hume and Sewell 2014;Thom et al 2014).…”

Section: Nirsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The occurrence of ryegrass staggers and heat stress in sheep grazing ryegrass-endophyte associations with diverse alkaloid profiles

Fletcher

Finch

Sutherland

et al. 2017

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AIMS: To compare ryegrass pastures infected with endophytes producing diverse alkaloids for their ability to cause ryegrass staggers in grazing lambs; to compare respiration rates and rectal temperatures of these lambs after exposure to heat stress, and to compare liveweight gains during the study period.METHODS: Ryegrass pastures of cultivar Trojan infected with NEA endophytes, branded NEA2 (T-NEA2), endophyte-free Trojan (T-NIL), Samson infected with standard endophyte (S-STD), Samson infected with AR37 endophyte (S-AR37) and endophyte-free Samson (S-NIL), were grazed by lambs (n=30 per cultivar) for up to 48 days in February and March of 2012 and 2013. Pasture samples were analysed for alkaloid concentrations and lambs were scored for ryegrass staggers at intervals during the study period. Liveweight was recorded at the start (Day 0) and end of the study, and rectal temperatures and respiratory rates were measured in lambs exposed to heat stress on Days 23 and 26, in 2012 and 2013, respectively. RESULTS: Concentrations of alkaloids were lower in 2012 than 2013, associated with warmer and drier conditions in 2013, and the prevalence of ryegrass staggers was low in 2012. In 2013, concentrations of ergovaline were similar in T-NEA2 and S-STD, but concentrations of lolitrem B were lower in T-NEA2 than S-STD. S-AR37 produced epoxy-janthitrems but no lolitrem B or ergovaline. In 2013, by Day 20, 9/30 (30%) sheep grazing S-STD had severe staggers (score ≥4), and by Day 47 all sheep had been removed from this cultivar due to severe staggers. By Day 47, 18/30 (60%), 4/30 (13%) and 0/ 30 (0%) sheep grazing S-AR37, T-NEA2 and T-NIL pastures, respectively, had severe staggers. There were no differences in mean daily weight gain of lambs between cultivars in either year. In both years, mean rectal temperature and respiration rate following exposure to heat stress were highest in sheep grazing S-STD and T-NEA2, and lowest in sheep grazing T-NIL. CONCLUSIONS: In lambs grazing different ryegrass pastures infected with endophytes, ryegrass staggers was most severe on S-STD, less severe on S-AR37 and least on T-NEA2. When under heat stress, lambs grazing ergovaline-producing S-STD and T-NEA2 pastures had increased respiration rates and rectal temperatures compared with lambs grazing T-NIL.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: If ambient temperatures are suitable, NEA2-branded endophytes have the potential to express concentrations of ergovaline sufficient to induce heat stress in grazing sheep.

show abstract

Potential for a biopesticide bait to control black beetle, Heteronychus arator (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Mansfield¹,

Wilson

Gerard

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: Yersinia entomophaga is an entomopathogenic bacterium that is active against scarab beetles, among other insects. In New Zealand, the African black beetle, Heteronychus arator (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), is a major pest of pastures and arable crops but very few control options exist and no insecticides are registered for use in established pastures. RESULTS: In laboratory bioassays, H. arator adults were susceptible to a bait containing Y. entomophaga at low doses. This bait was more effective against H. arator adults during spring than autumn in small-scale field plots (320 mm diameter). A largescale field trial (40 × 40 m plots) reduced adult numbers substantially: approximately twice as many beetles were captured in pitfall traps from untreated plots compared with plots treated with the Y. entomophaga bait at 70 kg ha −1. This single bait application in spring also reduced subsequent larval populations in summer. CONCLUSIONS: Heteronychus arator is a difficult pest to manage using chemical insecticides. This biopesticide with Y. entomophaga as the active ingredient offers a new solution for New Zealand pastures, with potential for application to other crops affected by H. arator and for control of other pests.

show abstract

Impact of novel endophytes in perennial ryegrass on herbage production and insect pests from pastures under dairy cow grazing in northern New Zealand

Cited by 65 publications

References 33 publications

Biomass yield, nutritive value and accumulation of minerals in Trifolium subterraneum L. as affected by fungal endophytes

Biomass yield, nutritive value and accumulation of minerals in Trifolium subterraneum L. as affected by fungal endophytes

The occurrence of ryegrass staggers and heat stress in sheep grazing ryegrass-endophyte associations with diverse alkaloid profiles

Potential for a biopesticide bait to control black beetle, Heteronychus arator (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About