Impact of Optimal Control of Distributed Generation Converters in Smart Transformer Based Meshed Hybrid Distribution Network

Kumar, Chandan; Manojkumar, Rampelli; Ganguly, Sanjib; Liserre, Marco

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3119349

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…) power of the ST, Equations ( 6) and (7), as well as to the equivalent power of the DC generator at the ST output (P G DC i,t ) in (8). Similarly, other variables associated with the active and reactive Figure 9 shows the response of the VSC's voltage and current control loop connected to the PVGs on the AC side of the MHM.…”

Section: Simulation Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For its part, the third stage (VSC) of the ST allows for controlling the injection of active power (𝑃 ) and reactive power (𝑄 ) on the AC side or active power (𝑃 ) on the DC side. The power balance equations are described by ( 6), (7) for the AC side, and (8) for the DC side. The active power balance in the VSC is defined in the same way as in (1) to (3) and that of the reactive power is defined as proposed in (4) and (5).…”

Section: St Equivalent Power Flow Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The secondary level is oriented to control power flow, voltage, frequency, and power quality criteria. Finally, the tertiary level seeks to establish decision criteria in the framework of the economic dispatch, the general supervision of the MG, and the generation and demand forecasting, ensuring the optimal operating point of the system [7]. For the design, simulation, and validation of system performance under a hierarchical control approach, mathematical models relating the DER power flow to the MHM are required to formulate and solve an optimization problem at the upper layer of the control and management of the MHM [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Real-Time Testing Optimal Power Flow in Smart-Transformer-Based Meshed Hybrid Microgrids: Design and Validation

Núñez-Rodríguez,

Unsihuay-Vila,

Posada

et al. 2024

Energies

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The smart transformer (ST) is a multiport and multi-stage converter that allows for the formation of meshed hybrid microgrids (MHMs) by enabling AC-DC ports in medium and low voltage. This type of microgrid has advantages over the performance of conventional hybrid AC-DC microgrids (HMGs); however, the number of degrees of freedom of the ST increases the complexity of the energy management systems (EMSs), which require adequate and accurate modeling of the power flow of the converters and the MG to find the feasible solution of optimal power flow (OPF) problems in the MHM. An ST’s equivalent power flow model is proposed for formulating the MHM OPF problem and developing low-frequency equivalent models integrated with a decoupled hierarchical control architecture under a real-time simulation approach to the ST-based MHM. A simulation model of the MHM in the Simulink® environment of Matlab® 9.12 is developed and implemented under a digital real-time simulation (DRTS) approach on the OPAL-RT® platform. This model allows for determining the accuracy of the developed equivalent models, both low-frequency and power flow, and determining the MHM performance based on optimal day-ahead scheduling. Simulation test results demonstrated the ST equivalent model’s accuracy and the MHM’s accuracy for OPF problems with an optimal day-ahead scheduling horizon based on the model-in-the-loop (MIL) and DRTS approach.

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Section: Simulation Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: St Equivalent Power Flow Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Real-Time Testing Optimal Power Flow in Smart-Transformer-Based Meshed Hybrid Microgrids: Design and Validation

Núñez-Rodríguez,

Unsihuay-Vila,

Posada

et al. 2024

Energies

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show abstract

“…Finally, some work has been aimed at solving the optimal energy management problem in ST-based MHM. In [14] and [34], control strategies and management algorithms that generate an additional set point from the EMS level to optimize network performance are formulated, e.g., voltage control considering the impact of line impedance, critical bus voltage control, line loss minimization, and compensation. Similarly, an optimal online problem is formulated to determine the active and reactive power references of the DGC to minimize the power losses on the line.…”

Section: Meshed Hybrid Microgridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Smart Transformer-Based Meshed Hybrid Microgrids: Shaping, Topology and Energy Management Systems

Posada,

Unsihuay-Vila

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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Microgrids are considered an adequate alternative to overcome the challenges involving integrating distributed energy resources in distribution systems to contribute to the 'Three D' trend in the electricity sector, i.e., decentralize, decarbonize, and digitize electricity. This paper reviews the most relevant works to establish a baseline for the advancement and development of smart transformer-based meshed hybrid microgrids and energy management systems. First, the structure of the solid-state transformers as smart transformers and their potential application as an energy router in a microgrid is discussed. Then, the principle of conformation of meshed hybrid microgrids based on a smart transformer and the topologies reported in the literature are reviewed. Finally, power management systems integrated into smart transformers-based meshed hybrid microgrids are studied. According to the findings and conclusions, it is considered that smart transformers-based meshed hybrid microgrids operated by an optimal energy management system under uncertainty are a potentially feasible technological alternative for the adequate penetration of distributed energy resources into local distribution systems.

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“…Meshed operation enables more power flow paths and provides the possibility to optimize losses in the system. This is explored in [20], where the DG converters are optimally controlled to incur lower losses and achieve an improved voltage profile. However, the islanded operation of the microgrid is not considered in this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Loss Minimization in Smart Transformer Enabled Low Voltage Islanded Meshed Hybrid Microgrid

Das

Manojkumar²,

Kumar

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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Impact of Optimal Control of Distributed Generation Converters in Smart Transformer Based Meshed Hybrid Distribution Network

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Real-Time Testing Optimal Power Flow in Smart-Transformer-Based Meshed Hybrid Microgrids: Design and Validation

Real-Time Testing Optimal Power Flow in Smart-Transformer-Based Meshed Hybrid Microgrids: Design and Validation

Review of Smart Transformer-Based Meshed Hybrid Microgrids: Shaping, Topology and Energy Management Systems

Power Loss Minimization in Smart Transformer Enabled Low Voltage Islanded Meshed Hybrid Microgrid

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