Impact of passive fire protection on heat release rates in road tunnel fire: A review

Tomar, Mukesh Singh; Khurana, Shashank

doi:10.1016/j.tust.2018.12.018

Cited by 64 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…There are a number of studies that investigate the pre-emergency strategies for the fire protection design (e.g., Mawhinney [9], Kironji [10], Mróz et al [11], Tomar and Khurana [12], and Rahardjo and Prihanton [13]) and the assembly point analysis (e.g., Raja Prasad and Prasad Rao [14], Unal and Uslu [15], Hoscan and Cetinyokus [16], and Şenik and Uzun [17]). For example, Kironji [10] assessed fire protection systems, such as the automatic sprinkler system, fire protection alarm, and escape route, for a commercial high-rise building.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors suggested different mitigation strategies related to the inspection and maintenance of fire protection systems. Tomar and Khurana [12] evaluated the impact of passive fire protection for a fire case study of road tunnel. Both the impact of peak heat release rate and the temperature inside the tunnel are investigated.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, PIS (NIS) is an alternative that has the best (worst) score among all considered criteria. The TOPSIS method is further elaborated in Equations ( 5)- (12).…”

Section: Topsis Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Step 5: Compute the relative closeness (C * i ) value that approaches the best alternative as shown in Equations ( 11) and (12). In particular, the resulting value will be between 0 and 1, where 0 (1) represents the alternative solution that has the worst (best) condition.…”

Section: Topsis Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Integrated IEW-TOPSIS and Fire Dynamics Simulation for Agent-Based Evacuation Modeling in Industrial Safety

Chanthakhot

Ransikarbum

2021

Safety

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Emergency events in the industrial sector have been increasingly reported during the past decade. However, studies that focus on emergency evacuation to improve industrial safety are still scarce. Existing evacuation-related studies also lack a perspective of fire assembly point’s analysis. In this research, location of assembly points is analyzed using the multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) technique based on the integrated information entropy weight (IEW) and techniques for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) to support the fire evacuation plan. Next, we propose a novel simulation model that integrates fire dynamics simulation coupled with agent-based evacuation simulation to evaluate the impact of smoke and visibility from fire on evacuee behavior. Factors related to agent and building characteristics are examined for fire perception of evacuees, evacuees with physical disabilities, escape door width, fire location, and occupancy density. Then, the proposed model is applied to a case study of a home appliance factory in Chachoengsao, Thailand. Finally, results for the total evacuation time and the number of remaining occupants are statistically examined to suggest proper evacuation planning.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, PIS (NIS) is an alternative that has the best (worst) score among all considered criteria. The TOPSIS method is further elaborated in Equations ( 5)- (12).…”

Section: Topsis Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Topsis Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Integrated IEW-TOPSIS and Fire Dynamics Simulation for Agent-Based Evacuation Modeling in Industrial Safety

Chanthakhot

Ransikarbum

2021

Safety

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“…In recent years, improvements to urban underground transportation networks have led to the increased complexity of tunnels [ 1 , 2 ]. These complex tunnels may lead to more extraordinary tunnel fire incidents [ 3 ] that could cause substantial finical loss and heavy casualties [ 4 ]. One of these complex tunnels is the bifurcation tunnel that consists of the main tunnel and a branch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on the temperature profile of bifurcation tunnel fire under natural ventilation

Zhao

2022

PLoS ONE

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This study simulated a series of bifurcation tunnel fire scenarios using the numerical code to investigate the temperature profile of bifurcation tunnel fire under natural ventilation. The bifurcation tunnel fire scenarios considered three bifurcation angles (30°, 45°, and 60°) and six heat release rates (HRRs) (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 MW). According to the simulation results, the temperature profile with various HRRs and bifurcation angles was described. Furthermore, the effects of bifurcation angles and HRRs on the maximum temperature under the bifurcation tunnel ceiling and the temperature decay along the longitudinal direction of the branch were investigated. According to the theoretical analysis, two prediction models were proposed. These models can predict a bifurcation tunnel fire’s maximum temperature and longitudinal temperature decay in the branch. The results of this study could be valuable for modelling a bifurcation tunnel fire and benefit the fire engineering design of bifurcation tunnels.

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Study on the key parameters of vehicle fires for the growth stage in road tunnels

Zhu

et al. 2023

Fire and Materials

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As the golden period for evacuation and rescue in road tunnel fires, the fire growth stage is indispensable for security. The key parameters of this stage must be clearly defined, including the maximum heat release rate (HRR), growth time, and growth coefficient. Based on the squared model, the correlations between the key parameters are investigated according to the existing fire tests of vehicle‐related materials and actual vehicles or mock‐ups. The maximum HRR and the growth coefficient of different types of vehicles are obtained. The results show that the maximum HRR is linearly related to the growth coefficient in the fire tests of vehicle‐related materials. And it is logarithmically related in the fire tests of actual vehicles or mock‐ups. The growth coefficient and growth time represent the possibility of a disaster. The larger the growth coefficient is or the shorter the growth time is, the greater the possibility is. The maximum HRR in a fire is 2 ~ 10 MW for a car, 10 ~ 50 MW for a bus, and 50 ~ 200 MW for a heavy goods vehicle. The growth coefficient in a fire is 0.003 ~ 0.013 kW/s2 for a car, 0.05 ~ 0.15 kW/s2 for a bus, and 0.2 ~ 0.3 kW/s2 for a heavy goods vehicle. The corresponding fire growth types are slow and medium, fast, fast, and ultra‐fast, respectively. This study is beneficial for the establishment of the fire growth model and the setting of emergency response time.

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Impact of passive fire protection on heat release rates in road tunnel fire: A review

Cited by 64 publications

References 15 publications

Integrated IEW-TOPSIS and Fire Dynamics Simulation for Agent-Based Evacuation Modeling in Industrial Safety

Integrated IEW-TOPSIS and Fire Dynamics Simulation for Agent-Based Evacuation Modeling in Industrial Safety

A study on the temperature profile of bifurcation tunnel fire under natural ventilation

Study on the key parameters of vehicle fires for the growth stage in road tunnels

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