Impact of perceived control on all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in three urban populations of Central and Eastern Europe: the HAPIEE study

Kozela, Magdalena; Pająk, Andrzej; Micek, Agnieszka; Besala, Agnieszka; Kubínová, Růžena; Malyutina, Sofia; Tamošiūnas, Abdonas; Pikhart, Hynek; Peasey, Anne; Nikitin, Yu. P.; Marmot, Michael; Bobák, Martin

doi:10.1136/jech-2017-208992

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…It represents a region, which had undergone a rapid political and socioeconomic transformation in recent years. Further socioeconomic factors were found to have a strong relationship with health in the populations of Central and East Europe, including Poland [41,42,43]. Another advantage is the development of an area-based SES indicator.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Area-Based Socio-Economic Inequalities in Mortality from Lung Cancer and Respiratory Diseases

Polak

Genowska

Szafraniec

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Background: After political transformation in 1989/1990, Poland experienced a general improvement in living conditions and quality of life, but the benefits did not extend evenly across all segments of the society. We hypothesized that the regional differences in mortality due to diseases of the respiratory system are related to socioeconomic status (SES) and its changes over time. Materials and methods: An ecological study was carried out in 66 sub-regions of Poland using the data from the period of 2010 to 2014. Age-standardized mortality rates (SMRs) were calculated separately for men and women in three age categories: ≥15, 25–64 years, and ≥65 years. An area-based SES index was derived from the characteristics of the sub-regions using the z-score method. Multiple weighted linear regression models were constructed to estimate a real socioeconomic gradient for mortality resulting from lung cancer and respiratory diseases. Results: In the regions studied, the SMRs for respiratory disease varied from 70/100,000 to 215/100,000 in men and from 18/100,000 to 53/100,000 in women. The SMRs for lung cancer varied from 36/100,000 to 110/100,000 among men and from 26/100,000 to 77/100,000 among women. After adjusting for the prevalence of smoking and environmental pollution, the SES index was found to be inversely associated with the SMR for lung cancer in each category of age among men, and in the age group of 25–64 years among women. An increase of the SES index between 2010 and 2014 was associated with a decrease of SMR for respiratory disease both in men and women, but this change was not significantly associated with the SMR for lung cancer. Conclusion: SES appears to be an important correlate of mortality from respiratory diseases and lung cancer at the population level, particularly in men. A lower SES was associated with greater mortality from lung cancer and respiratory diseases. An increase in SES over time was related to a decrease in mortality from respiratory disease, but not from lung cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Area-Based Socio-Economic Inequalities in Mortality from Lung Cancer and Respiratory Diseases

Polak

Genowska

Szafraniec

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…While mastery, QoL, and respiratory health were not related to perceived health status for those that lived closest to the railyard, perceived functional impairment and heart disease risk factors had a significantly negative influence on respondents’ perceived health status. This finding is supported by studies that indicated a feeling that they have less control over events in their lives has detrimental effects on one’s health, leading to higher rates of illness and slower recovery times [19,20,21,22]. In contrast, higher perceived mastery and QoL appeared to have a positive relationship with health status at both the bivariate and multivariate level for respondents that lived in 1–3 miles from the railyard.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Despite the many obstacles that low-income communities residing near railyards face, studies of the general population have identified the potential positive impact of QoL and mastery on self-reported health for those diagnosed with heart disease [19,20,21] or respiratory illness [19,22]. According to the World Health Organization, QoL is defined as:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mastery refers to the extent an individual feels in control over events in their lives [24]. Specifically, higher perceived QoL and greater sense of control over their treatment were linked to higher perceived health status for those that had been diagnosed with COPD [22] or with cardiovascular disease [20,21] suggesting that further studies be done that explores the impact of adaptable personal characteristics and perceptions as potential protective buffers for health status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Heart Disease Risk Factors, Respiratory Illness, Mastery, and Quality of Life on the Health Status of Individuals Living Near a Major Railyard in Southern California

Baek

Mann

Alemi

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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The potential health risks for communities that surround railyards have largely been understudied. Mastery and quality of life (QoL) have been associated with self-reported health status in the general population, but few studies have explored this variable among highly vulnerable low-income groups exposed to harmful air pollutants. This study investigates the relationship between self-reported health status and correlates of Heart Disease Risk Factors (HDRF) and Respiratory Illness (RI) with mastery and QoL acting as potential protective buffers. This cross-sectional study of 684 residents residing near a Southern California railyard attempts to address this limitation. Results from three separate hierarchal linear regressions showed that those who reported being diagnosed with at least one type of HDRF and/or RI reported lower perceived health status. For those that lived further from the railyard, mastery and QoL predicted modest increases in perceived health status. Results suggest that mastery and QoL may be helpful as tools in developing interventions but should not solely be used to assess risk and health outcomes as perceived health status may not measure actual health status.

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“…7,8,26,27 Greater optimism is associated with reduced all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, 10,28 while greater control also has protective associations. 9,29 Few studies have examined combinations of these factors, although some investigators have assessed whether associations are independent of each other. 7,8 Our study adds to the literature by showing the relevance of noncognitive life skills in combination.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Noncognitive Life Skills With Mortality at Middle and Older Ages in England

Steptoe

Jackson

2020

JAMA Netw Open

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IMPORTANCE Noncognitive life skills are patterns of behavior, thoughts, and feelings that complement cognitive ability in promoting positive economic and educational outcomes. These positive attributes have been associated with favorable social and health outcomes at older ages, but their combined association with survival is not known. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association of the combination of 5 noncognitive life skills with mortality, and to explore the role of sociodemographic, health, cognitive, and behavioral factors in explaining associations. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study used data from wave 5 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, conducted in 2010. Participants included adults 52 years and older. Associations of scores on 5 noncognitive life skills, including conscientiousness, perseverance, emotional stability, optimism, and control, with all-cause mortality were analyzed for a mean (SD) of 7.2 (1.3) years. Data analyses were completed in November 2019. EXPOSURES Response to wave 5 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Noncognitive life skills scores, including conscientiousness, perseverance, emotional stability, optimism, and control, were measured by questionnaire. The main outcome was all-cause mortality, and the associations with noncognitive life skills scores were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regressions models to estimate hazard ratios per 1-SD increase in score. RESULTS A total of 7850 participants (mean [SD] age, 66.5 [9.0] years; 4333 [55.2%] women) were included. Combined life skill score was positively associated with survival, with a hazard ratio of 0.81 (95% CI, 0.72-0.90) per 1-SD increase in positive attributes after adjustment for age, sex, race/ ethnicity, childhood socioeconomic status, educational attainment, baseline chronic disease, depressive symptoms, cognitive function, mobility impairment, social isolation, smoking, physical activity, alcohol intake, and fruit and vegetable consumption (P < .001). Excluding deaths during 24 months after baseline as a check for reverse causation showed the same pattern (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70-0.89; P < .001). Associations were maintained after each life skill was omitted in turn from the aggregate score, indicating that no single positive attribute accounted for the protective association. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings suggest that noncognitive life skills are associated with survival at older ages. Whether training and education programs could enhance these attributes and influence mortality risk is not known, but fostering and maintaining life skills may be important in later life.

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Impact of perceived control on all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in three urban populations of Central and Eastern Europe: the HAPIEE study

Cited by 11 publications

References 44 publications

Area-Based Socio-Economic Inequalities in Mortality from Lung Cancer and Respiratory Diseases

Area-Based Socio-Economic Inequalities in Mortality from Lung Cancer and Respiratory Diseases

Impact of Heart Disease Risk Factors, Respiratory Illness, Mastery, and Quality of Life on the Health Status of Individuals Living Near a Major Railyard in Southern California

Association of Noncognitive Life Skills With Mortality at Middle and Older Ages in England

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