Impact of Peripheral Field Loss on the Execution of Natural Actions: A Study With Glaucomatous Patients and Normally Sighted People

Dive, Stéphanie; Jf, Rouland; Lenoble, Quentin; Szaffarczyk, Sébastien; McKendrick, Allison M; Boucart, Muriel

doi:10.1097/ijg.0000000000000402

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Existing work shows that, in a sandwich-making task, people with glaucoma fixate longer and make more frequent saccades than normally sighted controls, albeit saccade amplitude is similar. 24 Saccade amplitude is also similar when having to identify safe traffic gaps at intersections, though in this case the fixation area is decreased. 25 In addition, people with glaucoma that can search for and collect a series of items in a supermarket within a prescribed time relative to control subjects exhibit a greater frequency of glances toward their visual field defect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Glaucoma-Related Differences in Gaze Behavior When Negotiating Obstacles

Lajoie

Miller

Strath

et al. 2018

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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PurposeSafe navigation requires avoiding objects. Visual field loss may affect how one visually samples the environment, and may thus contribute to bumping into objects and falls. We tested the hypothesis that gaze strategies and the number of collisions differ between people with glaucoma and normally sighted controls when navigating around obstacles, particularly under multitasking situations.MethodsTwenty persons with moderate–severe glaucoma and 20 normally sighted controls walked around a series of irregularly spaced vertical obstacles under the following three conditions: walking with obstacles only, walking and counting backward to simulate a conversation, and walking while performing a concurrent visual search task to simulate locating a landmark. We quantified gaze patterns and the number of obstacle contacts.ResultsCompared with controls, people with glaucoma directed gaze closer to their current position (P < 0.05). They also directed a larger proportion of fixations (in terms of number and duration) to obstacles (P < 0.05). Despite this finding, considerably more people with glaucoma contacted an obstacle (P < 0.05). Multitasking led to changes in gaze behavior in both groups, and this was accompanied by a large increase in obstacle contacts among those with glaucoma (P < 0.05).ConclusionsGlaucoma alters gaze patterns when negotiating a series of obstacles and increases the likelihood of collisions. Multitasking in this situation exacerbates these changes.Translational RelevanceUnderstanding glaucoma-related changes in gaze behavior during walking in cluttered environments may provide critical insight for orientation and mobility specialists and guide the design of gaze training interventions to improve mobility.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Glaucoma-Related Differences in Gaze Behavior When Negotiating Obstacles

Lajoie

Miller

Strath

et al. 2018

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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“…Retinal sensitivity loss may thus impact more complex aspects of visual processing in POAG patients, even early in the disease. Converging descriptions of complex visual deficits in glaucoma include form and motion extraction [ 5 ], face and object recognition [ 6 , 7 ], reaching and grasping [ 8 ], mobility [ 4 ], executions of natural actions [ 9 ]. Also, specific eye movement patterns have been observed during reading [ 10 ], face recognition [ 11 ], exploration of scenes [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], visual search of objects [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scene and human face recognition in the central vision of patients with glaucoma

et al. 2018

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Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) firstly mainly affects peripheral vision. Current behavioral studies support the idea that visual defects of patients with POAG extend into parts of the central visual field classified as normal by static automated perimetry analysis. This is particularly true for visual tasks involving processes of a higher level than mere detection. The purpose of this study was to assess visual abilities of POAG patients in central vision. Patients were assigned to two groups following a visual field examination (Humphrey 24–2 SITA-Standard test). Patients with both peripheral and central defects and patients with peripheral but no central defect, as well as age-matched controls, participated in the experiment. All participants had to perform two visual tasks where low-contrast stimuli were presented in the central 6° of the visual field. A categorization task of scene images and human face images assessed high-level visual recognition abilities. In contrast, a detection task using the same stimuli assessed low-level visual function. The difference in performance between detection and categorization revealed the cost of high-level visual processing. Compared to controls, patients with a central visual defect showed a deficit in both detection and categorization of all low-contrast images. This is consistent with the abnormal retinal sensitivity as assessed by perimetry. However, the deficit was greater for categorization than detection. Patients without a central defect showed similar performances to the controls concerning the detection and categorization of faces. However, while the detection of scene images was well-maintained, these patients showed a deficit in their categorization. This suggests that the simple loss of peripheral vision could be detrimental to scene recognition, even when the information is displayed in central vision. This study revealed subtle defects in the central visual field of POAG patients that cannot be predicted by static automated perimetry assessment using Humphrey 24–2 SITA-Standard test.

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“…For research purposes, one interesting application may be to evaluate how well DD-IVF defects correlate with the quality of life and potentially with typical laboratory measurements of tasks of daily living, for example, sandwich making. 22 It is worth noting that the current simulation assumes a simplified scenario where foveal fixation exists in both eyes and the eyes converge symmetrically at the center of the fixation plane. Consequently, the simulation may be more readily applicable to neural ocular diseases where foveal fixation is usually present, for example, glaucoma, than others such as central field loss, as occurs in age-related macular degeneration, particularly when the two monocular preferred retinal loci may not be in corresponding retinal areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Depth-Dependent Integrated VF Simulation for Analysis and Visualization of Glaucomatous VF Defects

Liu

McKendrick

Ma-Wyatt

et al. 2020

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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Citation: Liu P, McKendrick A, Ma-Wyatt A, Turpin A. A depth-dependent integrated VF simulation for analysis and visualization of glaucomatous VF defects. Trans Vis Sci Tech. 2020;9(3):8, https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.9.3.8Purpose: Visual fields (VF) are measured monocularly at a single depth, yet real-life activities require people to interact with objects binocularly at multiple depths. To better characterize visual functioning in clinical vision conditions such as glaucoma, analyzing visual impairment in a depth-dependent fashion is required. We developed a depthdependent integrated VF (DD-IVF) simulation and demonstrated its usefulness by evaluating DD-IVF defects associated with 12 glaucomatous archetypes of 24-2 VF. Methods:The 12 archetypes included typical variants of superior and inferior nasal steps, arcuate and altitudinal defects, temporal wedge, biarcuate, and intact VFs. DD-IVF simulation maps the monocular 24-2 VF archetypes to binocular ones as a function of depth by incorporating three parameters of fixation, object, and interpupillary distances. At each location and depth plane, sensitivities are linearly interpolated from corresponding locations in monocular VF and returned as the higher value of the two. Results:The simulation produced 144 DD-IVFs for multiple depths from combinations of 12 glaucomatous archetypes. The DD-IVFs are included as a Shiny app in the binovisualfields package. The number of impaired locations in the DD-IVFs varied according to the overlap of VF loss between eyes. Conclusions:Our DD-IVF program revealed binocular functional visual defects associated with glaucomatous archetypes of the 24-2 pattern and is designed to do the same for empirically measured VFs. The comparison of identified visual impairments across depths may be informative for future empirical exploration of functional visual impairments in depth in glaucoma and other conditions leading to bilateral VF loss.Translational Relevance: Our DD-IVF program can reveal depth-dependent functional visual defects for clinical vision conditions where 24-2 test patterns are available.

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Impact of Peripheral Field Loss on the Execution of Natural Actions: A Study With Glaucomatous Patients and Normally Sighted People

Cited by 33 publications

References 26 publications

Glaucoma-Related Differences in Gaze Behavior When Negotiating Obstacles

Glaucoma-Related Differences in Gaze Behavior When Negotiating Obstacles

Scene and human face recognition in the central vision of patients with glaucoma

A Depth-Dependent Integrated VF Simulation for Analysis and Visualization of Glaucomatous VF Defects

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