Impact of Physics Representations in the HWRFX on Simulated Hurricane Structure and Pressure–Wind Relationships

Bao, Jian‐Wen; Gopalakrishnan, Sundararaman; Michelson, S. A.; Marks, Frank D.; Montgomery, Michael T.

doi:10.1175/mwr-d-11-00332.1

Cited by 89 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Similar to the previous idealized HWRF configuration examined in [23,24], an initial weak vortex was implemented in the HWRF model with a maximum tangential wind at the surface of 20 m s −1 and a radius of maximum wind of 90 km in a quiescent environment. All experiments were carried out on an f -plane located at 12.5 N°.…”

Section: Model Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the Lower Stratosphere on the Development of Intense Tropical Cyclones

Moon

Kieu

2017

Atmosphere

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This study examines potential impacts of the lower stratosphere on the development and the inner-core structure of intense tropical cyclones (TCs). By initializing the Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) model with different monthly averaged sounding profiles in the Northwestern Pacific and the North Atlantic basins, it is shown that the lower stratosphere layer (LSL) can impose a noticeable influence on the TC structure and development via formation of an extra warm core near the tropopause along with a thin layer of inflow in the LSL at the high-intensity limit. Specifically, a lower tropopause level allows for higher TC intensity and a more distinct double warm core structure. Likewise, a weaker LSL stratification also corresponds to a warmer upper-level core and higher intensity. Of further significance is that the double warm core formation is more sensitive to tropopause variations in the Northwestern Pacific basin than those in the North Atlantic basin, given the same sea surface temperature. The results suggest that variations in tropopause level and LSL stratification could be an important factor that is responsible for the long-term variability of TC intensity.

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Section: Model Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the Lower Stratosphere on the Development of Intense Tropical Cyclones

Moon

Kieu

2017

Atmosphere

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“…This is to ensure that the inner-core wave structure can be exposed more clearly, and the related linearisation can be best applied. Mote details about all other model physics configurations can be found in Bao et al (2012) and Gopalakrishnan et al (2013). Before presenting analyses of retrograde waves, a number of remarks about potential difficulties with investigation of wave propagation in full-physics idealised simulations should be mentioned.…”

Section: Experiments Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrograde waves in tropical cyclone inner-core

Kieu

2016

Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography

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A B S T R A C TThis study presents an extension of Kelvin's vortex wave model for the inner-core region of tropical cyclone-like vortices. By considering a more suitable approximation for tropical cyclones (TCs) for which the horizontal scale of the TC inner-core is significantly larger than the TC vertical depth and taking into account the TC inherent baroclinicity, it is shown that there exists a retrograde wave mode in which the wave propagation is opposite to the mean tangential flow for the azimuthal wavenumber 1. While this result appears to be similar to that obtained in Kelvin's wave model, the retrograde mode in the TC-like vortices depends critically on the TC baroclinicity that Kelvin's model does not contain. Idealised simulations of a TC-like vortex using the full-physics Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) model indeed capture existence of the retrograde waves inside the vortex inner-core at the high intensity limit. Despite the brief existence of this retrograde mode, the emergence of retrograde waves in the HWRF simulations is of significance, because they may be related to subsequent wave growth and formation of mesovortices that are often observed inside the core region of intense TCs.

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“…Similarly, the tropical cyclones are primarily driven by convective heating, and thus, representation of convection plays a very important role in simulation of tropical cyclones. The importance of convection and thus convective parameterization scheme in mesoscale simulation is well known, and a large number of studies [Seth and Giorgi, 1998;Liang et al, 2001;Landman et al, 2005;Stensrud, 2007;Hogan and Pauley, 2007;Bao et al, 2012;Chandrasekar and Balaji, 2012;Deshpande et al, 2010Deshpande et al, , 2012 have examined this issue in the context of various mesoscale systems over different regions [Gomez et al, 2011]. While the importance of domain size for simulation of extreme rainfall events has been demonstrated [Goswami et al, 2012], it is not clear however if such sensitivity to size of the domain also holds for atmospheric systems of larger scales, such as tropical cyclones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative evaluation of impact of domain size and parameterization scheme on simulation of tropical cyclones in the Bay of Bengal

Goswami

Mohapatra

2014

JGR Atmospheres

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[1] A large number of processes and factors control the quality of simulations with a numerical weather prediction model and especially with mesoscale models; identification and optimization of these processes are critical for improving forecast skill. The importance of cumulus parameterization schemes in simulation of tropical cyclones was recognized early, and a large number of studies have addressed this issue. However, certain other aspects have received relatively less attention. In particular, unlike simulation with a global circulation model, a mesoscale simulation is characterized by a limited domain and hence inhomogeneous lateral boundary conditions that strongly affect the quality of the simulation. In this work, we investigate the relative impact of size of the model domain and the cumulus parameterization scheme on simulation of 10 cyclones over the Bay of Bengal during the period 1999-2009. For five domains with different spatial extents, simulations were carried out for three different cumulus parameterization schemes (Anthes-Kuo, Grell, and Kain-Fritsch2) for each of the 10 events (using the mesoscale model MM5). Our results show that the size of the domain also plays an equally critical role as the parameterization scheme in simulation of maximum intensity, track, and spatial structure of the cyclones. The impact of domain size is not linear; while each domain chosen is large enough, neither the largest nor the smallest domain provides the best simulation. However, there is consistency in the sense that a single domain emerges as best for intensity and track among the five considered. While the specific conclusions may depend on the ocean basin, the methodology is generic and can be applied to any ocean basin of cyclogenesis.Citation: Goswami, P., and G. N. Mohapatra (2014), A comparative evaluation of impact of domain size and parameterization scheme on simulation of tropical cyclones in the Bay of Bengal,

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Impact of Physics Representations in the HWRFX on Simulated Hurricane Structure and Pressure–Wind Relationships

Cited by 89 publications

References 48 publications

Impacts of the Lower Stratosphere on the Development of Intense Tropical Cyclones

Impacts of the Lower Stratosphere on the Development of Intense Tropical Cyclones

Retrograde waves in tropical cyclone inner-core

A comparative evaluation of impact of domain size and parameterization scheme on simulation of tropical cyclones in the Bay of Bengal

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