Impact of Powertrain Components Size and Degradation Level on the Energy Management of a Hybrid Industrial Self-Guided Vehicle

Abstract

This paper deals with the design of an energy management strategy (EMS) for an industrial hybrid self-guided vehicle (SGV), considering the size of a fuel cell (FC) stack and degradation of a battery pack. In this context, first, a realistic energy model of the SGV was proposed and validated, based on experiments. This model provided a basis for individual components analysis, estimating energy requirements, component sizing, and testing various EMSs, prior to practical implementation. Second, the performance of the developed FC/battery SGV powertrain was validated under three EMS modes. Each mode was studied by considering four different FC sizes and three battery degradation levels. The final results showed that a small FC as a range extender is recommended, to reduce system cost. It is also important to maintain the FC in its high efficiency zones with a minimum ON/OFF cycle, leading to efficiency and lifetime enhancement of FC system. Battery SOC have to be kept at a high level during SGV operation, to support the FC during SGV acceleration. In order to improve the SGV’s overall autonomy, it is also important to minimize the stop and go and rotational SGV motion with appropriate acceleration and deceleration rate.

Investigating the Impact of Energy Source Level on the Self-Guided Vehicle System Performances, in the Industry 4.0 Context

“…To illustrate the importance of adapting the vehicle motion, a simulation is carried out on ROS with a vehicle model integrated in a Gazebo environment. The energy model validated in [62] has four main terms represented by Equations ( 10)- (14). The total energy consumed by the mobile platform is E SGV .…”

Toward Safer and Energy Efficient Global Trajectory Planning of Self-Guided Vehicles for Material Handling System in Dynamic Environment

“…Therefore, the energy model is used to evaluate the energy consumption of the proposed trajectory design. The energy consumed by the mobile platform measured through the energy model validated in [46]. The total energy 𝐸 has four main terms represented by Eq.14 to Eq.19.…”

Analysis and Comparison of Power Distribution System Topologies for Low-Voltage DC–DC Automated Guided Vehicle Applications

“…The reasons for this are the simple implementation, simple control structures, and the reduction in costs due to the omission of a super-capacitor interface converter. The drive and each individual auxiliary converter have to cope with the changing bus voltage [2], which is dependent on the super-capacitor voltage. In this setup, the bus voltage can rise and fall very quickly depending on the energy demands of the system and its low energy density.…”

“…Nowadays, it is impossible to imagine everyday industrial life without mobile robots. These have a variety of requirements for their energy supply network [1][2][3]. One of these requirements is energy recovery during braking.…”