Impact of preharvest application of biological control agents on postharvest diseases of fresh fruits and vegetables

Ippolito, Antonio; Nigro, Franco

doi:10.1016/s0261-2194(00)00095-8

Cited by 252 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Postharvest disinfectant treatments had shown negative effects on the litchi and mango microflora (Govender et al, 2005). It is also evident from this study that the addition of PPCB004, the biocontrol agent in the integrated treatment with 1-MCP helped in maintaining the natural microbial ecological balance (Gerhardson, 2002;Ippolito and Nigro, 2000). Furthermore, the integrated treatment with 1-MCP þ PPCB004 reduced the incidence and severity of postharvest diseases by reducing the total fungal population and maintaining higher bacterial and yeast populations on the fruit surface.…”

Section: Recovery Of B Amyloliquefaciens Ppcb004mentioning

confidence: 69%

Effect of biocontrol agent Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and 1-methyl cyclopropene on the control of postharvest diseases and maintenance of fruit quality

2011

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a b s t r a c tEfficacy of biocontrol agent Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PPCB004 was evaluated on the control of anthracnose and phomopsis rot in 'Solo' papaya pre-treated with 1-methyl cyclopropene (100 ml) (1-MCP) during storage. This treatment was compared to the untreated control, commercial treatment (washing in chlorinated water), stand alone 1-MCP and PPCB004 treatment. Although fruit pre-treated with 1-MCP delayed the ripening (100% yellow) after cold storage by 9e10 d, it showed higher incidence and severity of anthracnose and phomopsis rot than the fruit subjected to commercial treatment. Application of PPCB004 after 1-MCP pre-treatment (1-MCP þ PPCB004) reduced the anthracnose and phomopsis incidence and severity after cold storage (10 C, 85% RH for 14 d) and ripening at 25 C. The 1-MCP þ PPCB004 treatment helped to retain the fruit firmness, overall quality and uniform yellow skin (100%) and flesh colour after ripening. The PPCB004 was effectively recovered from stand alone PPCB004 and 1-MCP þ PPCB004 treated fruit after cold storage and ripening. The PPCB004 population showed an increase by 1 log units after ripening in 1-MCP þ PPCB004 treated fruit. After ripening the recovery of PPCB004 population was higher (0.7 log units) in 1-MCP þ PPCB004. The total recovery of fungal population on the fruit surface after ripening was lower in 1-MCP þ PPCB004 and stand alone PPCB004 treated fruit. It can be concluded that application of B. amyloliquefaciens PPCB004 with 1-MCP pretreated papaya (at 25e30% skin yellow stage) can significantly reduce disease incidence associated with 1-MCP treatment. This treatment has the potential for commercial application in the 'organic' papaya industry.

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Section: Recovery Of B Amyloliquefaciens Ppcb004mentioning

confidence: 69%

Effect of biocontrol agent Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and 1-methyl cyclopropene on the control of postharvest diseases and maintenance of fruit quality

2011

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“…Numerous authors have evaluated the efficacy of BCAs against post-harvest diseases under field conditions over a single year (Benbow and Sugar 1999;Chand-Goyal and Spotts 1996;Leibinger et al 1997), and highly variable results have been obtained in multi-year field experiments where a BCA against B. cinerea was applied (Kovach et al 2000, Sutton et al 1997Tronsmo and Dennis 1977). Ippolito and Nigro (2000) stressed that successful pre-harvest application of an antagonist depends on many factors such as rain, wind, temperature, and relative humidity. Elad and Kirshner (1992) likewise suggested that microclimatic conditions have a greater effect than nutrient availability on the establishment of Trichoderma on the phylloplane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As most BCAs of post-harvest apple pathogens have been isolated from the apple surface, they should be able to adapt to the environmental conditions existing on this surface (chemical treatment, sun light, rain, dry conditions). Ippolito and Nigro (2000) have stressed the ability of some BCAs to pre-colonise the fruit surface or wounds immediately before harvest, so that wounds inflicted during harvest can be colonised by the antagonist prior to colonisation by the pathogen. Furthermore, several studies (Janisiewicz 1988;Wisniewski and Wilson 1992) have shown the ability of some BCAs to colonise wounds for long periods under dry conditions and to produce extracellular components which improve their survival and decrease colonisation of sites by pathogenic fungi.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Pichia anomala (strain K) efficacy against blue mould of apples when applied pre- or post-harvest under laboratory conditions and in orchard trials

et al. 2008

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The yeast Pichia anomala strain K was selected in Belgium from the apple surface for its antagonistic activity against post-harvest diseases of apples. The efficacy of this strain against P. expansum was evaluated in the laboratory in three scenarios designed to mimic practical conditions, with different periods of incubation between biological treatment, wounding of fruit surface, and pathogen inoculation. Higher protection levels and higher final yeast densities were obtained when the applied initial concentration was 1×10 8 cfu ml −1 than when it was only 1×10 5 cfu ml −1 . The protection level correlated positively with the yeast density determined in wounds and was influenced by apple surface wetness. In orchard trials spanning two successive years, biological treatment against P. expansum, based on a powder of P. anomala strain K (1×10 7 cfu ml −1 ), β-1,3-glucans (YGT 2 g l −1 ), and CaCl 2 .2H 2 0 (20 g l −1 ), was applied to apples pre-or post-harvest under practical conditions and its effect compared with standard chemical treatments. The first year, the highest reduction (95.2%) against blue decay was obtained by means of four successive fungicide treatments and the next-highest level (87.6%) with pre-harvest high-volume spraying of the threecomponent mixture 12 days before harvest. The second year, the best results were obtained with post-harvest Sumico (carbendazim 25% and diethofencarb 25%) treatment and post-harvest biological treatment, both by dipping the apples, 88.3 and 56.3% respectively. A density threshold of 1×10 4 cfu cm −2 of strain K on the apple surface seemed to be required just after harvest for high protective activity, whatever the method and time of application. In the case of pre-harvest biological treatments, variations in meteorological conditions between the 2 years may have considerably affected strain K population density and its efficacies.

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“…Biocontrol of postharvest fruit decays is achievable by postharvest application of antagonists and by preharvest spraying of biocontrol agents in the field (Benbow and Sugar 1999;Korsten et al, 1997;Leibinger et al, 1997;Teixidõ et al, 1998a). In the latter practice, the antagonist is applied just before harvest so that it can colonize the fruit surface and any wounds inflicted during harvest before the arrival of wound pathogens (Ippolito and Nigro, 2000). Yet authors highlight the very real practical problem of promoting the effective establishment of prospective antagonists in a natural environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Box-Behnken design for predicting the combined effects of relative humidity and temperature on antagonistic yeast population density at the surface of apples

Lahlali

Massart

Serrhini

et al. 2008

International Journal of Food Microbiology

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The objective of this work was to develop models predicting the combined effects of relative humidity (RH, 75-98%), temperature (5-25°C), and initial applied yeast concentration (10 4 -10 8 CFU/ml) on the apple-surface population densities of two biocontrol agents fused against postharvest diseases; the antagonistic yeasts Pichia anomala strain K and Candida oleophila strain O. Experiments were carried out according to a Box-Behnken matrix. Multiple regression analyses showed that both models yielded a good prediction of yeast density. The effect of relative humidity appeared greater than that of temperature. The number of yeast colony-forming units per square centimeter of apple fruit surface increased with increasing relative humidity, temperature, and initial applied yeast concentration. The models predict that under optimal growth conditions (25°C, 98%), strains O and K should reach a density of 10 4 CFU/cm 2 when applied initially at 2 × 10 7 (strain O) or 10 7 CFU/ml (strain K). The model results suggest that rainfall was likely the principal cause of the variability of yeast efficacy reported for previous preharvest orchard trials spanning two successive years. Temperature may also contribute to this variation. The models developed here are important tools for predicting population densities of both strains on the apple surface within the experimental limits. The use of these results should contribute to achieving yeast densities of 10 4 CFU/cm 2 on apples by controlling yeast application and environmental factors such as relative humidity and temperature. The results of this study also confirm our previous in vitro findings that water activity has a greater effect than temperature on yeast population density.

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Impact of preharvest application of biological control agents on postharvest diseases of fresh fruits and vegetables

Cited by 252 publications

References 58 publications

Effect of biocontrol agent Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and 1-methyl cyclopropene on the control of postharvest diseases and maintenance of fruit quality

Effect of biocontrol agent Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and 1-methyl cyclopropene on the control of postharvest diseases and maintenance of fruit quality

Assessment of Pichia anomala (strain K) efficacy against blue mould of apples when applied pre- or post-harvest under laboratory conditions and in orchard trials

A Box-Behnken design for predicting the combined effects of relative humidity and temperature on antagonistic yeast population density at the surface of apples

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