Impact of PSBpin Content on the Electrochemical Properties of PTMA-PSBpin Copolymer Cathodes

Abstract

The class of radical polymers is one of the most appealing electrode materials in organic radical batteries (ORBs). Herein, we report a series of copolymers poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl-4-yl methacrylate)-poly(4-pinacolatoborylstyrene) (PTMA-PSBpin-n, n = 1, 2, and 3) and explore their electrochemical properties as cathodes for ORBs. At 50 wt % active material content, the PTMA-PSBpin electrodes are found to bear great capacity, long-term cycle life, and impressive rate performance. In addition, compared to the other two electrodes, the PTMA-PSBpin-3 electrode possesses the lowest voltage separation (ΔV), which owes much to the introduction of a higher content of the PSBpin unit that enhances the conductivity (in the range of 3.447 × 10 −3 to 5.219 × 10 −3 S cm −1 within the pressure range of 2.0−20 MPa) of the material and resultantly abases the ohmic resistance. Accordingly, the oxidation/ reduction mechanism during the discharge/charge process is revealed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra. This study will shed light on the development of advanced ORB cathodes with low cost and high performance.

Redox: Organic Robust Radicals and Their Polymers for Energy Conversion/Storage Devices

“…Electrolytes make another essential contribution to the redox processes of radical polymers. Electrolyte counterions must electrically neutralize charged cations or anions formed by redox reactions. − Although regular electrolyte ions diffuse more quickly ( D phys ≈10 –7 cm 2 /s in polyelectrolyte gels) , than the electron-hopping diffusion in radical polymer gels ( D et ≈10 –10 cm 2 /s), the neutralization affects charge transport drastically. For instance, a redox peak of a TEMPO-substituted polymer can be split into two peaks by different anion (cation) insertion or expulsion processes. ,, Further study is needed to reveal the relationships among molecular chain movement, electrolyte diffusion, and electron transfer.…”

Organoboron flank-substituted donor–acceptor polymer anode with ultra-long cycling stability for lithium ion batteries

“…16,17 In our recent studies, two boron-containing polymer LIB electrodes have shown good electrochemical stability, including a radical material, PTMA-PSBpin, and a quinone-based material, B-AQ. 18,19 The electron energy levels can be effectively adjusted by the introduction of organoboron units, heightening the electron transport characteristics and improving the charge-discharge redox activity of the battery.…”

Organoboron–thiophene-based polymer electrodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

“…22 In our recent studies, the boron-containing radical material PTMA-PSBpin and the quinone-based boron-containing material B-AQ have been prepared, and both have shown good electrochemical stability. 23,24 The incorporation of organoboron units effectively adjusts electron energy levels, enhances electron transport characteristics, and improves electrode redox activity. This motivates us to further explore the performance of novel boroncontaining electrode materials for LIBs.…”