Impact of PTFE distribution on the removal of liquid water from a PEMFC electrode by lattice Boltzmann method

Molaeimanesh, Gholam Reza; Akbari, M.H.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.03.089

Cited by 75 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Liquid water saturation levels in GDLs are generally reduced as the hydrophobicity increases [42,45]. In addition, the water management abilities of PEMFCs can be enhanced by using GDLs with non-uniform or mixed (hydrophilic and hydrophobic) wettabilities [46] or by controlling the wettability of the GCs [47][48][49][50]. Although 145 the LBM has been successfully used to study the dynamic behavior of liquid water inside GDLs, few studies have investigated the roles of MPLs on water management in PEMFCs using the LBM.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A thorough understanding of water management is essential to construct a robust PEMFC because the proton conductivities of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) are 50 significantly affected by the water content. The PEM should be sufficiently hydrated to avoid dry-out and to ensure high proton conductivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two-phase dynamic behavior of liquid water inside hydrophobic GDLs was also investigated using the LBM [42, [45][46][47][48][49][50]. The results of the LB simulations clearly M A N U S C R I P T…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Lattice Boltzmann simulation of liquid water transport in microporous and gas diffusion layers of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Kim

Kang

Lee

et al. 2015

Journal of Power Sources

124

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Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lattice Boltzmann simulation of liquid water transport in microporous and gas diffusion layers of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Kim

Kang

Lee

et al. 2015

Journal of Power Sources

124

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“…Also, they have sufficient electrical conductivity . Two‐phase behavior of water inside GDLs with hydrophobic fibers was investigated by the lattice Boltzmann methods (LBMs) . The results demonstrated that capillarity and wettability of gas channels (GCs) and GDLs have significant effects on the pore scale behavior of the liquid water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the water management can be enhanced, by using non‐uniform or mixed (hydrophilic and hydrophobic) wettable fibers in GDL . Controlling the wettability of the GCs is also important in the water management process . LBM was applied by Chen et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailored Surface Wettability of Gas Diffusion Layer in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells: Proposing a Pore Scale‐Two Phase Design

2018

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In this study, lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is used to investigate liquid water transport in a gas diffusion layer (GDL) of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) by considering mixed wettability. The GDL is reconstructed using the stochastic method and the simulations are performed to explore liquid water behaviors in the GDL. In this study, the dynamic behavior of liquid water during removal from gas diffusion layer of a PEMFC electrode is analyzed. The results are related to the water management and the optimal design of the GDL. The effects of inserted hydrophilic layer on the removal process and water distribution are investigated and a wettability‐tailored GDL is proposed. In addition, liquid water dynamic behaviors and liquid water saturation within the GDL in steady state and transient mode are explored. The effects of mixed wettability on the effective clusters in GDL, merging of different clusters and the loops developed by the fingers are investigated in detail. The optimum thickness and optimum location for the inserted hydrophilic layer inside the GDL are also proposed. The results show that combination of hydrophilic layer with the hydrophobic pores leads to an increase in the performance of the PEMFCs. In other words, the water management in GDL can be suitably done by selection of location and thickness of inserted hydrophilic layer. Regarding different test cases, the optimum location of the inserted hydrophilic layer is GDL‐GC interface with the optimum thickness of 12.5% of GDL thickness.

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Effect of Catalyst Layer Hydrophobicity on Fe−N−C Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

2020

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The hydrophobicity of the cathode catalyst layer (CCL) affects the performance of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) by adjusting the water management of the catalyst layer, which has been extensively studied in Pt-based catalysts.Here, the effect of the hydrophobicity of FeÀ NÀ C CCL on the performance of the PEMFC is investigated. The hydrophobicity of the FeÀ NÀ C CCL is tuned by polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) by using three addition methods: 1) coat PTFE on FeÀ NÀ C powder and heat-treat; 2) mix PTFE emulsion with FeÀ NÀ C ink and then brush the electrode; and 3) transfer a ground PTFE/ FeÀ NÀ C composite film onto the gas diffusion layer by the decal method. For each PTFE addition method, the optimized PTFE amount can increase the power density of FeÀ CÀ N PEMFC by 15.1 %, 26.6 %, and 87.2 %, respectively. At the same time, it is found that enhanced hydrophobicity reduces the initial current decay rate of the FeÀ NÀ C CCLs, but their residual current densities are close after a 50 h durability test at 0.5 V in a H 2 -O 2 PEMFC. It can be concluded that the hydrophobicity of the FeÀ NÀ C CLL has a great influence on the power density of the fuel cell, but the influence on the long-term durability of the fuel cell is negligible.

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Impact of PTFE distribution on the removal of liquid water from a PEMFC electrode by lattice Boltzmann method

Cited by 75 publications

References 26 publications

Lattice Boltzmann simulation of liquid water transport in microporous and gas diffusion layers of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Lattice Boltzmann simulation of liquid water transport in microporous and gas diffusion layers of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Tailored Surface Wettability of Gas Diffusion Layer in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells: Proposing a Pore Scale‐Two Phase Design

Effect of Catalyst Layer Hydrophobicity on Fe−N−C Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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