Impact of Quality of Life Education on Self-Concept among Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Abstract

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with severe late complications and high mortality. The increasing prevalence of Type 2 diabetes is mainly due to reduced physical activity and consumption of unhealthy food and larger portion sizes in genetic susceptible individuals [1], and present in every country regardless of their stage of development, and afflicts people in all socio-economic classes [2]. Longterm complications of diabetes include effects on the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels that can lead to blindness, neuropathy, and kidney failure [3]. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Iran is 4-4.5% and in population aged above 30 years is greater than 14% [4].Further, although glycemic control, the development of complications and mortality represent critical outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes, quality of life (QOL) outcomes are also important. The value of optimizing QOL has increasingly been recognized not only because it represents an important goal for health care in its own right but also because of the associations between poor QOL and adverse outcomes in people with type2 diabetes, including poor response to therapy, disease progression and even mortality [5]. Quality of life represents a broad, multi-dimensional concept that reflects an individual's sense of well-being or satisfaction with life circumstances [5].Furthermore, self concept is one's image of oneself, and involves all of the self-perceptions appearance, value, and beliefs that influence behavior and are referred to when using the words I or me. There are four components of self concept: personal identity, body image, role performance, and self esteem [6]. A positive self concept is essential to a person's mental and physical health. Individuals with a positive self concept are better able to develop and maintain inter personal relationship and resist psychological and physical illness.Research has shown an association between self concept and health practice across the life span, Also some studies show that education program alone improve glycemic control [7], and promote Quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. Also research has shown that quality of life and self esteem decreased in clients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and arthritis [8].The aim o f this study was to determine the effect of quality of life education on self concept of patients with type 2 diabetes. We hypothesize that patients participating in the case group who receive Quality of life education program will improve their quality of life and will promote their level of self concept. MethodsThis was a random controlled clinical trial study and the subjects were 30 up to 70 years old known type 2 diabetes. 180 individuals were

Role of Diabetes in prevalence of Tuberculosis

“…There is a distinct influence of hyperglycemia on the microbicidal function of macrophages, with even brief exposures to blood sugar level of 200 mg% significantly depressing the respiratory burst of these cells [69]. This is observed in poorly controlled diabetics, with high levels of glycated haemoglobin, tuberculosis follows a more destructive course and is associated with higher mortality rate [70]. Multiple pulmonary physiologic abnormalities have also been documented in diabetics that contribute to delayed clearance of infection and spread of infection in the host [71].…”

High Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases in Type 2 Diabetes

“…Patients with type 2 diabetes often have negative self-concepts, feel hopeless and, therefore, become lax about following their regimen. This study shows that quality of life education can have positive effect on diabetes self concept, and prevent physical and side effects of type 2 diabetes [52]. frequently encountered in post-stroke patients [53].…”

Quality of life in people with type 2 diabetes living in rural and remote areas, Iran

“…It is estimated that by 2025, 75 % of people with diabetes would be in developing countries [5] such as Iran [1]. In 2008, statistics showed that the prevalence of diabetes in Iranian urban areas is 8.6 % and in rural areas it is 5.7 % [5,6].…”

“…Diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder and a major health problem all over the world [1][2][3][4]. It is estimated that by 2025, 75 % of people with diabetes would be in developing countries [5] such as Iran [1].…”