Impact of Raindrop Characteristics on the Selective Detachment and Transport of Aggregate Fragments in the Loess Plateau of China

Fu, Yu; Li, Guanglu; Zheng, Tenghui; Li, Bai-qiao; Zhang, Teng

doi:10.2136/sssaj2016.03.0084

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…However, changes in roughness during a storm event have been attributed to compression and drag forces from the raindrop impact on the soil, angular displacement due to rain splash, aggregate fragmentation, and differential swelling (Al-Durrah and Bradford, 1982;Warrington et al, 2009;Rosa et al, 2012;Fu et al, 2016). Regions exhibiting different median raindrop diameters may experience different soil surface roughness evolution due to different aggregate fragmentation and rain splash effects (Warrington et al, 2009;Rosa et al, 2012;Fu et al, 2016). Future research should explore these mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the changes of soil surface microroughness due to rainfall impact on a smooth surface

Abban

Papanicolaou

Giannopoulos

et al. 2017

Nonlin. Processes Geophys.

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Abstract. This study examines the rainfall-induced change in soil microroughness of a bare smooth soil surface in an agricultural field. The majority of soil microroughness studies have focused on surface roughness on the order of ∼ 5-50 mm and have reported a decay of soil surface roughness with rainfall. However, there is quantitative evidence from a few studies suggesting that surfaces with microroughness less than 5 mm may undergo an increase in roughness when subject to rainfall action. The focus herein is on initial microroughness length scales on the order of 2 mm, a low roughness condition observed seasonally in some landscapes under bare conditions and chosen to systematically examine the increasing roughness phenomenon. Three rainfall intensities of 30, 60, and 75 mm h −1 are applied to a smoothened bed surface in a field plot via a rainfall simulator. Soil surface microroughness is recorded via a surface-profile laser scanner. Several indices are utilized to quantify the soil surface microroughness, namely the random roughness (RR) index, the crossover length, the variance scale from the MarkovGaussian model, and the limiting difference. Findings show a consistent increase in roughness under the action of rainfall, with an overall agreement between all indices in terms of trend and magnitude. Although this study is limited to a narrow range of rainfall and soil conditions, the results suggest that the outcome of the interaction between rainfall and a soil surface can be different for smooth and rough surfaces and thus warrant the need for a better understanding of this interaction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the changes of soil surface microroughness due to rainfall impact on a smooth surface

Abban

Papanicolaou

Giannopoulos

et al. 2017

Nonlin. Processes Geophys.

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“…Finally it is appropriate to consider the possible changes in the occurrence of short-lived intensity bursts in a future, warmer climate. Climate change is widely considered to be likely to result in more frequent extremes of rainfall, related in part to the increased moisture capacity of the atmosphere following the Clausius-Clapeyron relation, which suggests an increased moisture-holding capacity in association with warming of the atmosphere of ∼ 7 % • C −1 (Fujibe, 2016). Wasko and Sharma (2015) reported that within sequences of rain hours, the most intense showed positive scaling with temperature, and the less intense, negative scaling.…”

Section: Short-term Intensity Bursts and Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall intensity bursts and the erosion of soils: an analysis highlighting the need for high temporal resolution rainfall data for research under current and future climates

Dunkerley

2019

Earth Surf. Dynam.

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Abstract. Many land surface processes, including splash dislodgment and downslope transport of soil materials, are influenced strongly by short-lived peaks in rainfall intensity but are less well accounted for by longer-term average rates. Specifically, rainfall intensities reached over periods of 10–30 min appear to have more explanatory power than hourly or longer-period data. However, most analyses of rainfall, and particularly scenarios of possible future rainfall extremes under climate change, rely on hourly data. Using two Australian pluviograph records with 1 s resolution, one from an arid and one from a wet tropical climate, the nature of short-lived “intensity bursts” is analysed from the raw inter-tip times of the tipping bucket gauges. Hourly apparent rainfall intensities average just 1.43 mm h−1 at the wet tropical site and 2.12 mm h−1 at the arid site. At the wet tropical site, intensity bursts of extreme intensity occur frequently, those exceeding 30 mm h−1 occurring on average at intervals of <1 d and those of >60 mm h−1 occurring on average at intervals of <2 d. These bursts include falls of 13.2 mm in 4.4 min, the equivalent of 180 mm h−1, and 29 mm in 12.6 min, equivalent to 138 mm h−1. Intensity bursts at the arid site are much less frequent, those of 50–60 mm h−1 occurring at intervals of ∼1 month; moreover, the bursts have a much shorter duration. The aggregation of rainfall data to hourly level conceals the occurrence of many of these short-intensity bursts, which are potentially highly erosive. A short review examines some of the mechanisms through which intensity bursts affect infiltration, overland flow, and soil dislodgment. It is proposed that more attention to resolving these short-lived but important aspects of rainfall climatology is warranted, especially in light of possible changes in rainfall extremes under climate change.

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“…Soils containing finer aggregates exhibit higher susceptibility to be detached than those containing larger aggregates, and they provide the fine materials necessary for seal formation under rainfall, which can control infiltration rates (Sajjadi & Mahmoodabadi, 2015). The breakdown of the aggregates and their dispersion is an important process in soil surface sealing and pore clogging (Fu, Li, Zheng, Li, & Zhang, 2016). The role played by soil organic matter on water infiltration is explained by the close association between water-stable aggregates size and soil organic matter fractions, being more decomposable in large and small water-stable macroaggregates (>0.250 mm) than in microaggregates and silt-and clay-sized particles (Fuentes et al, 2012;Hassink, Whitmore, & Kubát, 1997;Prieto Méndez, Acevedo Sandoval, & Prieto García, 2013;Tisdall & Oades, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil sealing and soil water content under no‐tillage and conventional tillage in irrigated corn: Effects on grain yield

Ramos

Pareja-Sánchez

Plaza‐Bonilla

et al. 2019

Hydrological Processes

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The main objective of this research was to analyse the effect of soil management on soil sealing and on soil water content under contrasting tillage practices and its influence on corn yield. The experimental research was carried out in a field cultivated with irrigated corn differentiated into three zones representing a gradient of soil texture (Z1, Z2, and Z3, i.e., increasingly coarser). Two plots under different soil management practices (conventional intensive tillage, CT, and no‐tillage, NT) were selected in each zone. The susceptibility to sealing of each soil and the steady infiltration rates were evaluated in the laboratory subjecting the soils to rainfall simulation applied at an intensity of 25 mm h−1. In addition, soil porosity under each treatment was quantified. Soil water content (0–90 cm depth) was determined gravimetrically at the beginning and the end of the growing cycle and at the surface (0–5 cm) during three growing seasons and continuously at two depths (5–15 and 50–60 cm) during the last growing cycle. Soil water content was simulated using the SIMPEL model, which was calibrated for the experimental conditions. Corn yield and above‐ground biomass were also analysed. Significant differences in soil sealing among zones, with decreasing soil sealing for coarser textures, and treatments were observed with infiltration rates that were near twice in NT than in CT, being the effect of soil cover significant in the reduction of soil detachment and soil losses. NT showed higher soil water content than CT, especially in the surface layers. Above‐ground biomass production was smaller in CT than in NT, and in the areas with higher sealing susceptibility was 30% to 45% smaller than in other zones, reaching the smallest values in Z1. A similar reduction in corn yield was observed between treatments being smaller in CT than in NT. No‐tillage has been confirmed as an effective technique that benefits soil physical properties as well as crop yields in relation to CT, being its impact greater in soils susceptible to sealing.

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Impact of Raindrop Characteristics on the Selective Detachment and Transport of Aggregate Fragments in the Loess Plateau of China

Cited by 34 publications

References 38 publications

Quantifying the changes of soil surface microroughness due to rainfall impact on a smooth surface

Quantifying the changes of soil surface microroughness due to rainfall impact on a smooth surface

Rainfall intensity bursts and the erosion of soils: an analysis highlighting the need for high temporal resolution rainfall data for research under current and future climates

Soil sealing and soil water content under no‐tillage and conventional tillage in irrigated corn: Effects on grain yield

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