Impact of Reduced Tobacco Smoking on Lung Cancer Mortality in the United States During 1975–2000

Moolgavkar, Suresh H.; Holford, Theodore R.; Levy, David T.; Kong, Chung Yin; Foy, Millenia; Clarke, Lauren; Jeon, Jihyoun; Hazelton, William D.; Meza, Rafael; Schultz, Frank; McCarthy, William J.; Boer, R. de; Gorlova, Olga Y.; Gazelle, G. Scott; Kimmel, Marek; McMahon, Pamela M.; Koning, Harry J. de; Feuer, Eric J.

doi:10.1093/jnci/djs136

Cited by 151 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This might be explained that there were many lung cancer patients included in NCRC-LM. As known to all, lung cancer is a disease closely associated with smoking (Moolgavkar et al, 2012;Rosenberg et al, 2012). Otherwise, alcohol consumption was found different between CRC groups with and without liver metastasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Serum Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 as an Indicator of Liver Metastasis in Colorectal Carcinoma Cases

Hang

Tang²,

Li³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Purpose: The liver is the organ to which colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) most commonly metastasize, and surgical resection has been established as the most effective and potentially curative treatment for CRC with liver metastasis (LM). Therefore, surveillance of LM is vital for improvement of prognosis of CRC patients. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential value of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and marker enzymes in indicating LM with CRC. Methods: Three groups of eligible patients with metastatic cancers were retrospectively included: CRC patients with LM (CRC-LM) or without LM (CRC-NLM), and non-CRC patients with LM (NCRC-LM). All metastatic lesions were identified by CT or MRI. Data on characteristics of the patients, the primary site, the locations of metastasis, CA 19-9, CEA, and biochemical parameters were collected for analysis. Results: A total of 493 patients were retrospectively included. More alcohol consumption was found in CRC-LM than CRC-NLM. Some biochemical enzymes were found to be significantly higher in groups with LM than without (CRC-LM or NCRC-LM v.s CRC-NLM). Both CEA and CA 19-9 were much higher in CRC-LM than CRC-NLM or NCRC-LM. For CRC patients, CA 19-9, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, CEA and alcohol consumption were identified as independent factors associated with LM. Conclusion: Our analysis suggested the CA 19-9 might be a potential valuable indicator for LM of CRC in the clinic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Serum Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 as an Indicator of Liver Metastasis in Colorectal Carcinoma Cases

Hang

Tang²,

Li³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…Tobacco smoking is an undisputed carcinogen of lung cancer. Recent study also found its relation with cancers in other organs including esophagus, pancreas, stomach, liver, kidney and even uterine cervix (31). Although the burden of lung cancer is heavy worldwide, it is one of the most preventable cancers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Comparison of cancer incidence and mortality in three GDP per capita levels in China, 2013

Yang

Zheng

Zhang

et al. 2017

Chinese Journal of Cancer Research

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Objective: In this research, the patterns of cancer incidence and mortality in areas with different gross domestic product per capita (GDPPC) levels in China were explored, using data from population-based cancer registries in 2013, collected by the National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR).Methods: Data from 255 cancer registries were qualified and included in this analysis. Based on the GDPPC data of 2014, cities/counties were divided into 3 levels: high-, middle-and low-GDPPC areas, with 40,000 and 80,000 RMB per year as cut points. We calculated cancer incidences and mortalities in these three levels, stratified by gender and age group. The national population of the Fifth Census in 2000 and Segi's population were applied for age-standardized rates. Results:The crude incidence and mortality rates as well as age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) showed positive associations with GDPPC level. The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) nevertheless showed a negative association with GDPPC level. The ASMR in high-, middle-and low-GDPPC areas was 103.12/100,000, 112.49/100,000 and 117.43/100,000, respectively. Lung cancer was by far the most common cancer in all three GDPPC levels. It was also the leading cause of cancer death, regardless of gender and GDPPC level. Negative associations with GDPPC level were found for the ASIRs of lung, stomach, esophageal and liver cancer, whereas colorectal and breast cancer showed positive associations. Except for breast cancer, the ASMRs of the other five cancers were always higher in middle-and low-GDPPC areas than in high-GDPPC areas. Conclusions:The economic development is one of the main factors of the heavy cancer burden on Chinese population. It would be reasonable to implement cancer control strategies referring to the local GDPPC level.

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“…Current trend of increasing smoking prevalence in developing countries (Giovino et al, 2012), would result in higher mortality in these countries in near future (Peto et al, 2001;Jha et al, 2008). In this context, tobacco control efforts targeted at cessation of smoking behavior has bearing on smoking attributable deaths including cancer mortality (Coambs et al, 1989;Jha et al, 2009;Moolgavkar et al, 2012). Experience from developed nations suggest that such intervention helped light smokers to quit with decreased prevalence of tobacco use, but also caused hardening of remaining smokers over time (Emery et al, 2000;Warner et al, 2003;Hughes, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hardcore Smoking in Three South-East Asian Countries: Results from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey

Kishore

Jena²,

Bandyopadhyay³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Background: Hardcore smoking is represented by a subset of daily smokers with high nicotine dependence, inability to quit and unwillingness to quit. Estimating the related burden could help us in identifying a high risk population prone to tobacco induced diseases and improve cessation planning for them. This study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of hardcore smoking in three South-East Asian countries and discussed its implication for smoking cessation intervention in this region. Materials and Methods: Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) data of India, Bangladesh and Thailand were analyzed to quantify the hardcore smoking prevalence in the region. On the basis of review, an operational definition of hardcore smoking was adopted that includes (1) current daily smoker, (2) no quit attempt in the past 12 months of survey or last quit attempt of less than 24 hours duration, (3) no intention to quit in next 12 months or not interested in quitting, (4) time to first smoke within 30 minutes of waking up, and (5) knowledge of smoking hazards. Logistic regression analysis was carried out using hardcore smoking status as response variable and gender, type of residence, occupation, education, wealth index and age-group as possible predictors. Results: There were 31.3 million hardcore smokers in the three Asian countries. The adult prevalence of hardcore smoking in these countries ranges between 3.1% in India to 6% in Thailand. These hardcore smokers constitute 18.3-29.7% of daily smokers. The logistic regression model indicated that age, gender, occupation and wealth index are the major predictors of hardcore smoking with varied influence across countries. Conclusions: Presence of a higher number of hardcore smoking populations in Asia is a major public health challenge for tobacco control and cancer prevention. There is need of intensive cessation interventions with due consideration of contextual predictors.

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Impact of Reduced Tobacco Smoking on Lung Cancer Mortality in the United States During 1975–2000

Cited by 151 publications

References 23 publications

Serum Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 as an Indicator of Liver Metastasis in Colorectal Carcinoma Cases

Serum Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 as an Indicator of Liver Metastasis in Colorectal Carcinoma Cases

Comparison of cancer incidence and mortality in three GDP per capita levels in China, 2013

Hardcore Smoking in Three South-East Asian Countries: Results from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey

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