Impact of sedation method on the diagnosis of hip and elbow dysplasia in Swedish dogs

Malm, S.; Strandberg, E.; Danell, B.; Audell, Lars; Swenson, L; Hedhammar, Åke

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2006.10.005

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…;Malm et al . ). These factors can be adjusted for in the model for prediction of breeding values, and the difference between BLUP selection and phenotypic selection for HD may thus in practice be larger than shown here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…assessment of hip status is known to be influenced by several systematic environmental effects, for example age at screening, sex and chemical restraint used for sedation (e.g. Swenson et al 1997;Mä ki et al 2000;Malm et al 2007). These factors can be adjusted for in the model for prediction of breeding values, and the difference between BLUP selection and phenotypic selection for HD may thus in practice be larger than shown here.…”

Section: Benefits Of Using Blupmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Efficient selection against categorically scored hip dysplasia in dogs is possible using best linear unbiased prediction and optimum contribution selection: a simulation study

Malm

Sørensen

Fikse

et al. 2012

J Animal Breeding Genetics

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Breeding to reduce the prevalence of categorically scored hip dysplasia (HD), based on phenotypic assessment of radiographic hip status, has had limited success. The aim of this study was to evaluate two selection strategies for improved hip status: truncation selection based on phenotypic record versus best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP), using stochastic simulation and selection scenarios resembling those in real dog populations. In addition, optimum contribution selection (OCS) was evaluated. Two traits were considered: HD (as a categorical trait with five classes and a heritability of 0.45 on the liability scale) and a continuous trait (with a heritability of 0.25) intended to represent other characteristics in the breeding goal. A population structure mimicking that in real dog populations was modelled. The categorical nature of HD caused a considerably lower genetic gain compared to simulating HD as a continuous trait. Genetic gain was larger for BLUP selection than for phenotypic selection in all scenarios. However, BLUP selection resulted in higher rates of inbreeding. By applying OCS, the rate of inbreeding was lowered to about the same level as phenotypic selection but with increased genetic improvement. For efficient selection against HD, use of BLUP breeding values should be prioritized. In small populations, BLUP should be used together with OCS or similar strategy to maintain genetic variation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Benefits Of Using Blupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient selection against categorically scored hip dysplasia in dogs is possible using best linear unbiased prediction and optimum contribution selection: a simulation study

Malm

Sørensen

Fikse

et al. 2012

J Animal Breeding Genetics

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show abstract

“…The models fitted also enabled evaluation of the importance of several fixed effects relating to right and left hip effects, year of the animal’s birth, its age at the time of radiography for scoring and its sex. Unfortunately data were not available for several other fixed effects which have been suggested as potential sources of variation for BVAHTs, including extent of sedation at the time of radiography [27] and identity of the radiograph evaluator. Had data on these effects been available, we would have been able to investigate the effect of these factors on BVAHT scores and, if necessary, adjust for any tendency for related animals to be more similar for these factors than unrelated animals which could result in over-estimation of heritability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heritability and Phenotypic Variation of Canine Hip Dysplasia Radiographic Traits in a Cohort of Australian German Shepherd Dogs

et al. 2012

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Canine Hip Dysplasia (CHD) is a common, painful and debilitating orthopaedic disorder of dogs with a partly genetic, multifactorial aetiology. Worldwide, potential breeding dogs are evaluated for CHD using radiographically based screening schemes such as the nine ordinally-scored British Veterinary Association Hip Traits (BVAHTs). The effectiveness of selective breeding based on screening results requires that a significant proportion of the phenotypic variation is caused by the presence of favourable alleles segregating in the population. This proportion, heritability, was measured in a cohort of 13,124 Australian German Shepherd Dogs born between 1976 and 2005, displaying phenotypic variation for BVAHTs, using ordinal, linear and binary mixed models fitted by a Restricted Maximum Likelihood method. Heritability estimates for the nine BVAHTs ranged from 0.14–0.24 (ordinal models), 0.14–0.25 (linear models) and 0.12–0.40 (binary models). Heritability for the summed BVAHT phenotype was 0.30±0.02. The presence of heritable variation demonstrates that selection based on BVAHTs has the potential to improve BVAHT scores in the population. Assuming a genetic correlation between BVAHT scores and CHD-related pain and dysfunction, the welfare of Australian German Shepherds can be improved by continuing to consider BVAHT scores in the selection of breeding dogs, but that as heritability values are only moderate in magnitude the accuracy, and effectiveness, of selection could be improved by the use of Estimated Breeding Values in preference to solely phenotype based selection of breeding animals.

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“…In Bulldogs up to 72% of the screened animals are affected (www.offa.org/stats_hip.html). For some breeds a sex predisposition has been described [5]. Hereditary and environmental factors are thought to play a role in the manifestation of this disorder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Wide Analysis Indicates Genes for Basement Membrane and Cartilage Matrix Proteins as Candidates for Hip Dysplasia in Labrador Retrievers

Lavrijsen

Leegwater

Martin³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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Hip dysplasia, an abnormal laxity of the hip joint, is seen in humans as well as dogs and is one of the most common skeletal disorders in dogs. Canine hip dysplasia is considered multifactorial and polygenic, and a variety of chromosomal regions have been associated with the disorder. We performed a genome-wide association study in Dutch Labrador Retrievers, comparing data of nearly 18,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 48 cases and 30 controls using two different statistical methods. An individual SNP analysis based on comparison of allele frequencies with a χ2 statistic was used, as well as a simultaneous SNP analysis based on Bayesian variable selection. Significant association with canine hip dysplasia was observed on chromosome 8, as well as suggestive association on chromosomes 1, 5, 15, 20, 25 and 32. Next-generation DNA sequencing of the exons of genes of seven regions identified multiple associated alleles on chromosome 1, 5, 8, 20, 25 and 32 (p<0.001). Candidate genes located in the associated regions on chromosomes 1, 8 and 25 included LAMA2, LRR1 and COL6A3, respectively. The associated region on CFA20 contained candidate genes GDF15, COMP and CILP2. In conclusion, our study identified candidate genes that might affect susceptibility to canine hip dysplasia. These genes are involved in hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes and extracellular matrix integrity of basement membrane and cartilage. The functions of the genes are in agreement with the notion that disruptions in endochondral bone formation in combination with soft tissue defects are involved in the etiology of hip dysplasia.

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Impact of sedation method on the diagnosis of hip and elbow dysplasia in Swedish dogs

Cited by 29 publications

References 27 publications

Efficient selection against categorically scored hip dysplasia in dogs is possible using best linear unbiased prediction and optimum contribution selection: a simulation study

Efficient selection against categorically scored hip dysplasia in dogs is possible using best linear unbiased prediction and optimum contribution selection: a simulation study

Heritability and Phenotypic Variation of Canine Hip Dysplasia Radiographic Traits in a Cohort of Australian German Shepherd Dogs

Genome Wide Analysis Indicates Genes for Basement Membrane and Cartilage Matrix Proteins as Candidates for Hip Dysplasia in Labrador Retrievers

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