Impact of seed blend and structured maize refuge on <i>Helicoverpa zea</i> (<scp>Lepidoptera: Noctuidae</scp>) potential phenological resistance development parameters in pupae and adults

Reisig, Dominic; Buntin, G. David; Pozo‐Valdivia, Alejandro I. Del; Paula‐Moraes, Silvana V.; Reay‐Jones, Francis P. F.

doi:10.1002/ps.7529

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…It is important to consider that the generally lethal amounts of Cry1Ac used in our study could approximate exposure to the high levels of Cry proteins produced by Bt crops. In this regard, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) pupae collected from Bt corn plots were lighter than those collected from a non-Bt corn refuge [54]. However, field populations of H. zea have evolved resistance to some of the proteins in the tested Bt corn hybrids in that study [55], which could have affected the physiological response to exposure.…”

Section: Effects Of Sublethal Treatment On Pupal Weightmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…It could be possible that exposure of Cry1F-resistant S. frugiperda to corn producing multiple Bt toxins could result in the same type of escape response detected in Benzon females surviving Cry1Ac exposure. Nonetheless, studies with H. zea collected from Bt corn plants producing multiple insecticidal proteins did not detect differences in flight behavior compared to moths from non-Bt corn plants [54].…”

Section: Moth Migratory Versus Resident Flight Tendencymentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Sublethal exposure to chemical pesticides induced increased flight activity in brown plan-thopper (Nilaparvata lugens) (Ståhl) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) [69]. However, no differences in flight tendency were observed in H. zea emerging from conventional and Bt corn plots, even though weight was significantly reduced in pupae from Bt corn plots [54].…”

Section: Total Distance Flown By Mothsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposure to Cry1 Toxins Increases Long Flight Tendency in Susceptible but Not in Cry1F-Resistant Female Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

De Bortoli,

Santos,

Assirati

et al. 2023

Insects

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The fall armyworm (JE Smith) (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a polyphagous pest targeted by selected Cry and Vip3A insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) that are produced in transgenic Bt corn and cotton. Available evidence suggests that sublethal larval exposure to Cry1Ac increases flight activity in adult Spodoptera spp. However, it is not known whether this effect is also observed in survivors from generally lethal exposure to Cry1Ac. Moreover, while multiple cases of field-evolved resistance to Bt proteins have been described in the native range of S. frugiperda, the effect of resistance on flight behavior has not been examined. Long-distance migratory flight capacity of S. frugiperda is of concern given its ongoing global spread and the possibility that migrants may be carrying resistance alleles against pesticides and Bt crops. In this study, we used rotational flight mills to test the effects of generally lethal exposure to Cry1Ac in susceptible and sublethal exposure in Cry1F-resistant S. frugiperda strains. The results detected altered pupal weight after larval feeding on diet containing Cry proteins, which only translated in significantly increased tendency for longer flights in female moths from the susceptible strain. This information has relevant implications when considering current models and assumptions for resistance management of Bt crops.

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Section: Effects Of Sublethal Treatment On Pupal Weightmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Moth Migratory Versus Resident Flight Tendencymentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Total Distance Flown By Mothsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exposure to Cry1 Toxins Increases Long Flight Tendency in Susceptible but Not in Cry1F-Resistant Female Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

De Bortoli,

Santos,

Assirati

et al. 2023

Insects

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Cross-pollination in seed-blended refuge and selection for Vip3A resistance in a lepidopteran pest as detected by genomic monitoring

Pezzini,

Taylor,

Reisig

et al. 2024

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The evolution of pest resistance to management tools reduces productivity and results in economic losses in agricultural systems. To slow its emergence and spread, monitoring and prevention practices are implemented in resistance management programs. Recent work suggests that genomic approaches can identify signs of emerging resistance to aid in resistance management. Here, we empirically examined the sensitivity of genomic monitoring for resistance management in transgenic Bt crops, a globally important agricultural innovation. Whole genome resequencing of wild North American Helicoverpa zea collected from non-expressing refuge and plants expressing Cry1Ab confirmed that resistance-associated signatures of selection were detectable after a single generation of exposure. Upon demonstrating its sensitivity, we applied genomic monitoring to wild H. zea that survived Vip3A exposure resulting from cross-pollination of refuge plants in seed-blended plots. Refuge seed interplanted with transgenic seed exposed H. zea to sublethal doses of Vip3A protein in corn ears and was associated with allele frequency divergence across the genome. Some of the greatest allele frequency divergence occurred in genomic regions adjacent to a previously described candidate gene for Vip3A resistance. Our work highlights the power of genomic monitoring to sensitively detect heritable changes associated with field exposure to Bt toxins and suggests that seed-blended refuge will likely hasten the evolution of resistance to Vip3A in lepidopteran pests.

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Beyond wingbeats: dispersal capacity and morphophysiological determinants in Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Calixto,

Paula-Moraes,

Reisig

et al. 2024

Annals of the Entomological Society of America

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Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a polyphagous pest impacting numerous economic crops. This impact is facilitated by its long-range dispersal capacity, which can lead to the colonization of new cultivated areas in the agricultural landscape and the potential spread of insecticide-resistant populations. Despite these negative implications, it is unclear how ecological and morphological factors influence H. zea flight capacity. Here, we investigated the dispersal capacity and morphophysiological determinants of the flight performance of H. zea. Tethered flight mill experiments were conducted to examine the impact of mating status, age [young (2-day-old), middle-aged (3- to 6-day-old), or old (7- to 9-day-old)], and sex on the flight capacity of moths under controlled conditions. We found that the flight capacity was not influenced by mating status or the number of mature eggs. Males flew faster than females, and middle-aged moths’ flight had higher performance (speed, time, and distance) than young and old moths. Body size and wing-to-thorax ratio negatively influenced the moth flight time. Male’s body size was larger than females, but they had a smaller forewing area and smaller wing-to-thorax ratio. Middle-aged moths exhibited the highest likelihood of engaging in migratory movements (> 10 km). Finally, oogenesis-flight syndrome was not detected, confirming the hypothesis of facultative migration in this species. Our results enhance our understanding of the factors influencing the flight behavior of H. zea, which can be used to predict the long-range capacity of infestation of this species, and the spread of resistance genes to management tools, such as insecticides and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins expressed in transgenic crops.

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Impact of seed blend and structured maize refuge on Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) potential phenological resistance development parameters in pupae and adults

Cited by 6 publications

References 89 publications

Exposure to Cry1 Toxins Increases Long Flight Tendency in Susceptible but Not in Cry1F-Resistant Female Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Exposure to Cry1 Toxins Increases Long Flight Tendency in Susceptible but Not in Cry1F-Resistant Female Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Cross-pollination in seed-blended refuge and selection for Vip3A resistance in a lepidopteran pest as detected by genomic monitoring

Beyond wingbeats: dispersal capacity and morphophysiological determinants in Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

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