Impact of self-measurement of blood glucose on complications of type 2 diabetes: economic analysis from a Czech perspective

Weber, Christian Friedrich; Kocher, Serge; Neeser, Kurt; Bartášková, Dagmar

doi:10.1185/03007990903479224

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The selection of only those patients with evidence of SMBG testing, as well as the requirement of a 12-month follow-up period, were intended to ensure consistency with previous studies for comparative purposes, most notably that by Cameron et al [17]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost of Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Canada among Patients on an Insulin Regimen for Diabetes

et al. 2012

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IntroductionPeople with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing a variety of medical conditions relative to those without diabetes, resulting in increased healthcare costs. Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is accepted as a recommended element of effective diabetes self-management. However, little is known about the real-world frequency and actual expenditures associated with SMBG, as well as the impact of SMBG costs relative to the cost of diabetes treatments. The primary objective is to evaluate the real-world utilization and costs of SMBG tests in Canada among insulin-treated diabetes patients during a 12-month follow-up period.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using the IMS Brogan Inc. Drug Plan database from July 1, 2006 through June 30, 2010. Total costs during the 12-month follow-up period were assessed, focusing on blood glucose (BG) testing strip costs, insulin therapy costs, and costs associated with oral antidiabetics medications. All prevalent patients with two or more prescriptions for insulin between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2009 were initially included in the analysis, the first prescription serving as their index date. Depending on the insulin type(s) used, patients were subcategorized into one of four insulin regimen groups (basal, bolus, premix, or basal–bolus).ResultsAmong an initial sample of patients with two or more claims for insulin between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2009, 142,551 met the aforementioned inclusion and exclusion criteria. An overall mean utilization of pharmacy-based blood glucose testing of approximately 1,094 strips per person per year was observed, with an average cost per testing strip of Canadian $0.79. SMBG treatment costs for insulin users ($860), specifically those associated with prescription testing strips, totaled 41.6% of the average annual pharmacy costs of diabetes-related prescriptions ($2,068).ConclusionThis study shows that SMBG accounts for approximately 40% of the total diabetes-related pharmacy costs for insulin users.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost of Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Canada among Patients on an Insulin Regimen for Diabetes

et al. 2012

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“…As SMBG has gained acceptance as a key component of diabetes care around the world, some country-specific studies have addressed cost and utilization. [14][15][16][17] However, little is known about the real-world frequency and true costs associated with SMBG as a percentage of a diabetes regimen or as compared with insulin-related pharmacy costs in the United States.…”

Section: Inclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Not surprisingly, there is a large disproportion in spending for diabetes care by country and region. The United States accounts for more than 43% of global spending on diabetes care and is projected to spend $201 billion in 2011. database comprises fully adjudicated medical and pharmaceutical claims for more than 75 million unique patients from more than 100 health plans across the United States (approximately 16 , as well as retail and mail order pharmacy claim records. Available data on pharmacy claim records include the National Drug Code (NDC) and the MediSpan (Indianapolis, IN) generic product identifier (GPI) code, as well as the quantity of the medication dispensed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost of Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in the United States Among Patients on an Insulin Regimen for Diabetes

Yeaw¹,

Lee²,

Aagren³

et al. 2012

JMCP

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“…40-year incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for SMBG were €12,694, €11,934 and €15,368 per QALY gained for once-, twice-and three-times per day, respectively [31]. Similarly favorable results were obtained in Germany, France and Spain [31], as well as in the USA [32], Switzerland [33] and the Czech Republic [34].…”

Section: Cost-effectiveness Of Preventive and Therapeutic Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 54%

The impact of diabetes mellitus on healthcare costs in Italy

Giorda¹,

Manicardi²,

Cabezudo³

2011

Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research

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Diabetes mellitus is an increasingly common chronic disease that has a great impact not only in terms of clinical effects, but also in terms of economic burden worldwide. Expenditures due to diabetes derive essentially from direct and indirect costs. Current estimates of global healthcare expenditures due to diabetes are US$376 billion and are expected to increase to US$490 billion by 2030. In particular, costs associated with diabetes-related complications represent the most relevant part of the national healthcare expenditure for diabetes and are higher than the costs of managing diabetes itself. The major expenditure depends on the type and the number of complications: cardiovascular complications increase direct costs, especially for hospitalization. Moreover, diabetic comorbidity has a greater economic impact on the health expenditure in comparison with those patients without diabetes. In Europe, the CODE-2 study was the first attempt to evaluate the costs of diabetes: the annual costs per patient were estimated at €2384 and the highest value, €2991, was registered in Italy. This indicates an overall annual cost of €5170 million for the whole Italian population with diabetes. Current estimates for 2010 healthcare expenditure for diabetes are US$105 billion (10% of total healthcare expenditure, US$2046 per person) for the whole European region, and US$11 billion (9% of total healthcare expenditure, US$2087 per person) for Italy. More studies are needed in order to better define the real significance of the healthcare costs of diabetes in Italy. An effective therapy with a good metabolic control can reduce the risk of complications and represents a valid strategy from an economic point of view.

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Impact of self-measurement of blood glucose on complications of type 2 diabetes: economic analysis from a Czech perspective

Abstract: Cost analysis indicated that SMBG provides a rapid return on initial investment. By increasing the number of patients using SMBG, the statutory health insurance system in the Czech Republic may save several million CZK annually.

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Cost of Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Canada among Patients on an Insulin Regimen for Diabetes

Cost of Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Canada among Patients on an Insulin Regimen for Diabetes

Cost of Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in the United States Among Patients on an Insulin Regimen for Diabetes

The impact of diabetes mellitus on healthcare costs in Italy

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