Impact of sheet erosion mechanisms on organic carbon losses from crusted soils in the Sahel

Maïga-Yaleu, Stéphanie Batchakoué; Chivenge, Pauline; Yacouba, Hamma; Guiguemde, Issaka; Karambiri, Harouna; Ribolzi, Olivier; Bary, Andy I.; Chaplot, Vincent

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2014.11.001

Cited by 27 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Therefore, the exponential functions that incorporates the product of flow velocity, runoff depth, and slope as an independent variable may be used to predict uneven SOC enrichment in different size classes of sediments. Given that the prediction of SOC loss induced by water erosion can be roughly calculated by current SOC models [ 8 , 23 ], our proposed function can provide an important reference for improving SOC models, such as the CENTURY model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hydraulic mechanisms of SOC fraction transport associated with sediment size distribution and runoff selective transport provide important theoretical support for tracing SOC during erosion and after deposition. Aside from carbon loss characteristics [22][23][24] and their influencing factors, such as the cultivation method and soil crust [25][26][27][28], current studies on SOC loss under water erosion have focused on the quantitative relationships between sediment loss and SOC enrichment in sediments. Studies that focused on the hydraulic mechanisms of uneven OC enrichment are rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydraulic mechanisms of the uneven enrichment of soil organic carbon in sediments during rain-induced overland flow

Liu

Jiao

2022

PLoS ONE

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Organic carbon (OC) can be unevenly enriched in different-sized sediment particles under low-intensity, rain-induced overland flows, but its hydraulic mechanisms are not completely understood. Hence, in this study, the hydraulic transport mechanisms of unevenly enriched OC between different-sized sediment particles were investigated through simulated rainfall experiments at gradients of 5°, 10°, and 15° and typical regional rainfall intensities of 45, 90, and 120 mm h−1. Results showed that the critical flow velocity of aggregate transport through loess soil was approximately 0.08 m s−1. When the flow velocity was larger than this critical value, the aggregate loss amount increased quickly and exponentially. Flow velocities lower than 0.08 m s−1 were determined to be essential conditions for uneven OC enrichment between sediment particles. At such velocities, even when the runoff depth was greater than 0.0018 m, the enrichment ratio of soil organic carbon (SOC; ERoc) values in all size classes of sediment particles was larger than 1.0. Small runoff depths caused preferential OC enrichment in silt and clay, whereas large runoff depths promoted OC enrichment in the >0.25 mm size class of sediment particles. The critical flow velocity and transport way differ between these high-OC-concentration clay and silt and large light organic particles. The interaction between flow velocity and runoff depth on ERocs in <0.05 mm particles was larger than that of >0.05 mm particles. Under the transport limit erosion, the flow velocity and stream power positively correlated with uneven ERocs in different size sediment particles through distinct laws. Slope and rainfall intensity could not be ignored in predicting uneven OC enrichment in sediments by interacting with hydraulic factor and effecting aggregate stripping, respectively. Hydraulic factors mainly affected the uneven OC enrichment by controlling particle selective detachment and transport process. Owing to the different hydraulic mechanisms of OC enrichment in different size particles, the obtained regression functions for uneven OC enrichment could be divided into two types. One was for calculating the OC concentrations in sediment particles with sizes of <2 mm (R2 > 0.844, P < 0.005), and the other was for calculating the OC concentrations in large macroaggregates (>2 mm; R2 = 0.805, P < 0.005). The findings provide an important reference for understanding SOC transport mechanisms and its mineralization potential under the effect of water erosion and improving SOC dynamic models.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydraulic mechanisms of the uneven enrichment of soil organic carbon in sediments during rain-induced overland flow

Liu

Jiao

2022

PLoS ONE

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“…Owing to the two forces of initial erosion and the uncertainty associated with raindrop erosion, initial erosion has strong volatility. In the later stages, deep runoff reduces the effect of raindrops on erosion volatility 28 . In short, erosion in the red soil in South China first fluctuates and then stabilises with an increase in rainfall duration, as reported previously 29 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Slope is a key factor influencing soil erodibility, rain intensity indicates runoff erosivity, and P. vulgaris reduces the influence of slope or rain intensity based on the effects of the internal factors associated with sheet erosion 37 , 41 . The organic matter in the soil can decrease soil erodibility by affecting the infiltration rate and soil roughness 28 , 35 . Therefore, rain intensity, slope of fallow soil, and SOM in combination can significantly influence sheet erosion characterisation, whereas rain intensity, slope of vegetated slope, and SOM cannot influence sheet erosion characterisation significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the Dryland Sheet Erosion equation in South China

Wang

Yuan

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Optimisation of models applied in sheet erosion equations could facilitate effective management of sheet erosion in the field, and sustainable agricultural production. To optimise the characterisation of sheet erosion on slope farmland in South China, the present study conducted field simulation rainfall experiments with vegetated and fallow soils. According to the results, sheet erosion rate first increased with an increase in rainfall duration and then stabilised. Exclusive P. vulgaris planting and P. vulgaris in combination with earthworms could reduce sheet erosion by 10–60%, and the combined method could better control sheet erosion. There were significant differences in erosion rate between mild and steep slopes, and light and heavy rain conditions. The influence of rain intensity on sheet erosion was greater than that of slope. Soil organic matter (SOM), rain intensity, and slope can be used to optimise sheet erosion equations of exposed slopes, and SOM and hydraulic parameters can be used to optimise sheet erosion equations in vegetated slopes. The results of the present study could facilitate the reduction of the time and space variability errors in the establishment of sheet erosion models for vegetated slopes.

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“…Therefore, rainfall duration has an important implication in the process of surface runoff, soil erosion and soil chemical transport. However, the existing laboratory experiments with chemical transport along the slope are mostly of short duration (rainfall time was usually around 60 min, no more than 90 min as usual), and are mainly with raindrop splash or coupled with sheet erosion (Zhang et al 1999;Maïga-Yaleu et al 2015;Tao et al 2017). The influence of rainfall duration on the transport of chemicals from soil to surface runoff has received less attention.…”

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confidence: 99%

Investigating rainfall duration effects on transport of chemicals from soil to surface runoff on a loess slope under artificial rainfall conditions

Zhang¹,

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2019

Soil & Water Res.

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The release and transport of soil chemicals in water erosion conditions are important for the local environment, soil and water resources conservation. According to the artificial rainfall experiments with a constant rainfall intensity of 90 mm/h and different rainfall duration (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min), the traits of soil PO43–, K+, and Br– release and transport from soil to surface runoff on the loess slope were analysed, and a model describing the chemical concentration change in surface runoff under soil erosion conditions was developed. The runoff coefficient quickly increased in 15 min or so, and then it was stable in the range of 0.60–0.85. The sediment intensity decreased in 30 min and soon increased after severe sheet erosion occurred on the slope. The concentration curve of Br– in surface runoff can be divided into two stages, quickly decreasing in the initial 30 min after the surface runoff occurred, and then stable. The concentration curve of PO43– and K+ in surface runoff can be divided into three stages, quickly decreasing like Br– was decreasing, then stable, and increasing after severe sheet erosion began. Compared with the exponential function, the power function was found more suitable for fitting the change in chemicals in runoff with unsaturated soil; while neither of them could well fit the PO43– and K+ concentration change after severe erosion occurred. The transport of chemicals under complex soil erosion conditions seems to be a dynamic release process between surface runoff and sediment. Based on the convection-dispersion mechanism and desorption kinetics, the polynomial model under soil erosion conditions was created. For adsorbed PO43– and K+, it is more suitable to simulate that process than the power function, while it is not so good for mobile Br–.

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Impact of sheet erosion mechanisms on organic carbon losses from crusted soils in the Sahel

Cited by 27 publications

References 43 publications

Hydraulic mechanisms of the uneven enrichment of soil organic carbon in sediments during rain-induced overland flow

Hydraulic mechanisms of the uneven enrichment of soil organic carbon in sediments during rain-induced overland flow

Optimizing the Dryland Sheet Erosion equation in South China

Investigating rainfall duration effects on transport of chemicals from soil to surface runoff on a loess slope under artificial rainfall conditions

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