Impact of Smoking and Smoking-Related Parameters on Acetylcholine-Induced Coronary Artery Spasm

Cheon, Byoung Won; Rha, Seung Woon; Wani, Sunil P.; Choi, Cheol Ung; Suh, Soon Yong; Kim, Eung Ju; Kim, Jin Won; Park, Chang Gyu; Seo, Hong Seog; Oh, Dong Joo

doi:10.4070/kcj.2006.36.9.661

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The results of this study showed that male smokers remained the majority of patients with coronary spasm, while only about one-fifth of patients were females. Previous studies of coronary spasm, including those from Korea and Japan, showed that smoking was the most important risk factor of coronary spasm, while other traditional risk factors for obstructive coronary artery disease, such as cholesterol and triglyceride levels were not 6-10). In this study, female patients also had lower rates of a positive smoking history and they were younger than male patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

“…Previous studies of coronary spasm, including those from Korea and Japan, showed that smoking was the most important risk factor of coronary spasm, while other traditional risk factors for obstructive coronary artery disease, such as cholesterol and triglyceride levels were not. 6 - 10) In this study, female patients also had lower rates of a positive smoking history and they were younger than male patients. The smoking rate in a general Korean female was also very low compared to that of a Korean male (4% vs. 52%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“… 1) 2) Previous studies have shown that coronary spasm is common in the Orient, especially in the Far East, and it is closely related to cigarette smoking. 3 - 10) According to a recent study, coronary spasm has been documented in nearly 50% of patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome. 11) In Korea, many studies have been performed on coronary spasm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender Differences Among Korean Patients With Coronary Spasm

Lee

Bae

et al. 2009

Korean Circ J

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Background and ObjectivesThe gender differences among Korean patients with coronary spasm have not been defined. We thus determined the gender differences among Korean patients with coronary spasm.Subjects and MethodsPatients with chest pain and/or syncope who were admitted to Kyungpook National University Hospital between January 2001 and August 2008 were included. Provocation of coronary vasospasm with intracoronary ergonovine maleate was performed when baseline coronary angiography showed no significant stenosis or there was a strong clinical suspicion of coronary spasm. The clinical characteristics were analyzed from 104 consecutive patients (56±9 years of age; 21 females) who were diagnosed with coronary spasm.ResultsFemale patients were younger (52±7 vs. 57±10 years, p=0.046) with lower rates of smoking and alcohol consumption histories than male patients (19% vs. 65%, p<0.001; and 43% vs. 89%, p<0.001, respectively). The other clinical characteristics were not significantly different, except for the triglyceride levels.ConclusionThe majority of patients with coronary spasm were males who were smokers and alcohol consumers. The female patients had lower rates of smoking and alcohol consumption, and they were younger than the male patients. Further studies are needed to investigate the relevance of gender differences in the pathogenesis of coronary spasm.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender Differences Among Korean Patients With Coronary Spasm

Lee

Bae

et al. 2009

Korean Circ J

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“… 4) Due to its strong association with endothelial dysfunction, cigarette smoking is known to markedly increase the risk for all forms of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, ACS, stroke, and CAS. 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) Thus, for CAS patients an intensive medical therapy and close clinical follow-up should be recommended. For CAS patients who smoke, the importance of smoking cessation should be emphasized in order to reduce the risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Cigarette Smoking: a 3-Year Clinical Outcome of Vasospastic Angina Patients

et al. 2016

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Background and ObjectivesCigarette smoking is a risk significant factor in coronary artery disease (CAD) and vasospastic angina (VSA). However, it is largely unknown whether smoking adds to any long-term clinical risk in VSA patients.Subjects and MethodsA total of 2797 patients without significant CAD underwent acetylcholine (Ach) provocation test between November 2004 and October 2010. Patients were divided into three groups, based on the presence of coronary artery spasm (CAS) and smoking habits (non-CAS group: n=1188, non-smoking CAS group: n=1214, smoking CAS group: n=395). All CAS patients were prescribed with anti-anginal medications for at least 6 months. The incidence of major clinical outcomes and recurrent angina of these groups were compared up to 3 years.ResultsThere were considerable differences in the baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics among the three groups, but there was no difference in the endpoints among the three groups (including individual and composite hard endpoints) such as death, myocardial infarction, de novo percutaneous coronary intervention, cerebrovascular accident, and major adverse cardiac events. However, there was a higher incidence of recurrent angina in both the non-smoking CAS group and smoking CAS group, as compared to the non-CAS group. In multivariable adjusted Cox-proportional hazards regression analysis, smoking CAS group exhibited a higher incidence of recurrent angina compared with the non-CAS group (hazard ratio [HR]; 2.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.46-4.14, p=0.001) and non-smoking CAS group (HR; 1.76, 95% CI; 1.08-2.87, p=0.021).ConclusionCigarette smoking CAS group exhibited higher incidence of recurrent angina during the 3-year clinical follow-up compared with both the non-CAS group and non-smoking CAS group. Quitting of smoking, paired with intensive medical therapy and close clinical follow-up, can help to prevent recurrent angina.

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“…Sugiishi et al also reported that cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes did not show significant correlation with Ach-induced significant CAS [15]. Several studies reported that cigarette smoking [15][16][17] and alcoholic drinking [18,19] have significant correlations with CAS. Yasue et al summarized that CAS has been thought to occur at a site of organic stenosis of a major coronary artery [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%