Impact of Sudden Stratospheric Warming of 2009 on the Equatorial and Low‐Latitude Ionosphere of the Indian Longitudes: A Case Study

Yadav, Sneha; Pant, Tarun Kumar; Choudhary, R. K.; Vineeth, C.; Sunda, Surendra; Kumar, Karanam Kishore; Shreedevi, P. R.; Mukherjee, Shyamoli

doi:10.1002/2017ja024392

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Fejer et al (2010) suggested that this signature in the EEJ could be linked to the enhancements of the lunar semidiurnal tide (M2). Since then, a number of studies have confirmed their findings using magnetic observations from satellite (e.g., Park et al, 2012) and ground-based observatories (e.g., Yamazaki et al, 2012;Yamazaki, 2013;Sathishkumar and Sridharan, 2013;Siddiqui et al, 2017;Yadav et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

On the variability of the semidiurnal solar and lunar tides of the equatorial electrojet during sudden stratospheric warmings

Siddiqui¹,

Maute²,

Pedatella³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. The variabilities of the semidiurnal solar and lunar tide of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) are investigated during the 2003, 2006, 2009 and 2013 major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events in this study. For this purpose, the ground-magnetometer recordings at the equatorial observatories in Huancayo and Fuquene are utilized. Results show a major enhancement in the amplitude of the EEJ semidiurnal lunar tide in each of the four warming events. The EEJ semidiurnal solar tidal amplitude shows an amplification prior to the onset of warmings, a reduction during the deceleration of the zonal mean zonal wind at 60° N and 10 hPa and a second enhancement a few days after the peak reversal of the zonal mean zonal wind during all the four SSWs. Results also reveal that the amplitude of the EEJ semidiurnal lunar tide becomes comparable or even greater than the amplitude of the EEJ semidiurnal solar tide during all these warming events. The present study also compares the EEJ semidiurnal solar and lunar tidal changes with numerical simulations of the variability of the migrating semidiurnal solar (SW2) and lunar (M2) tide in neutral temperature at ~ 120 km altitude. A better agreement between the enhancements of the EEJ semidiurnal lunar tide and the M2 tide in neutral temperature is observed in comparison with the enhancements of the EEJ semidiurnal solar tide and the SW2 tide in neutral temperature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

On the variability of the semidiurnal solar and lunar tides of the equatorial electrojet during sudden stratospheric warmings

Siddiqui¹,

Maute²,

Pedatella³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…Fejer et al (2010) reported that such semidiurnal perturbations are the result of the enhanced semidiurnal lunar tide and it was mostly consistent with the results of Pedatella and Forbes (2010). Yadav et al (2017) showed the deviation in EEJ and TEC from the normal behavior simultaneously with the enhancement in PW 2 before the onset of the 2009 SSW event. Similar TEC behavior is also observed in the present study at low latitude stations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal and Interhemispheric Ionospheric Response to 2009 and 2013 SSW Events in the African‐European and Indian‐East Asian Sectors

et al. 2020

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The ionospheric response to two sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events that occurred during low (2009) and moderate solar activity (2013) around 10°E (±10°) African-European and 95°E (±10°) Indian-East Asian sectors is investigated. The total electron content (TEC) obtained from a meridional chain of stations in the two sectors are used to understand the interlongitudinal and interhemispheric response to these SSW events. Significant depletion of daytime TEC was observed after the onset of 2009 SSW around the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest followed by an increase during the decaying phase of SSW. The formation of an early peak in the daytime TEC and semidiurnal variation in the response of TEC in the form of morning enhancement and afternoon depletion was observed at low latitudes. The morning enhancement is prominent at northern low latitudes while afternoon depletion is more at southern low latitudes. The conspicuous TEC perturbations characterized by semidiurnal variation in mid-January of 2013 override the sudden increase in solar activity after the onset of the SSW. SSW impacted semidiurnal perturbations in F2 layer peak electron density (NmF2) and height (hmF2) noticed at Cocos Island, the southern hemisphere low latitude station. Longitudinal and interhemispheric differences in the magnitude and evolution of TEC perturbations were noticed. The longitudinal differences in SSW modulation of TEC might be attributed to the differential impact of the nonmigrating tides and differences in the geomagnetic field elements between the two sectors. The meridional wind in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region contribute to the TEC enhancement.

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“…The behavior of the EEJ, CEJ, and TEC before, during, and after the SSW events has been studied extensively during the past (Chau et al, ; Sathishkumar & Sridharan, ; Vineeth et al, ; Yadav et al, , and references therein). The novelty of the results presented in this study is the characteristic difference in the response of low‐latitude ionosphere to the SSW events occurred in different phases of the QBO.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, during the SSWs, significant changes have been observed in ionosphere‐thermosphere system associated with the enhancement in solar and lunar semidiurnal tides (Fang et al, ; Pedatella & Liu, ). It has also been shown that the tidal changes associated with the global circulation can influence the energetics and electrodynamics of the MLT region much before the onset of the SSW, as preconditioning (Vineeth et al, ; Yadav et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Phase of QBO in Modulating the Influence of the SSW Effect on the Equatorial Ionosphere

et al. 2019

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This study investigates the role of stratospheric quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO) in modulating the response of equatorial/low‐latitude ionosphere over the Indian sector to the major sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) occurred during the period 2003 to 2013. The analysis based on the equatorial electrojet‐induced surface magnetic field, total electron content, and mesospheric wind data reveals that the equatorial ionosphere responds in distinctly different ways to the SSWs occurred during different QBO phases. The peaking time of the equatorial electrojet and occurrence time of counter electrojet displays a shift toward morning/evening sector during the westward/eastward phase of the QBO as inferred from the zonal mean zonal wind at 10‐hPa level (~30 km). The analysis reveals that the enhancement and depletions seen in total electron content over both the equatorial and low‐latitude ionosphere display a shift toward morning/evening during the westward/eastward phase of the QBO. The upper mesospheric tides (diurnal and semidiurnal) estimated using the meteor radar measured winds over the dip equator also exhibit similar shift in their phases. The occurrence of periodic counter electrojets during the SSW period is found to be coinciding with enhancement in polar stratospheric temperature and in close association with the increased amplitude of the semidiurnal tide. These observations clearly vindicate that the phase of the QBO plays a crucial role in structuring the equatorial electrodynamics and electron density distribution over the low‐latitudes during the SSW events.

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Impact of Sudden Stratospheric Warming of 2009 on the Equatorial and Low‐Latitude Ionosphere of the Indian Longitudes: A Case Study

Cited by 17 publications

References 61 publications

On the variability of the semidiurnal solar and lunar tides of the equatorial electrojet during sudden stratospheric warmings

On the variability of the semidiurnal solar and lunar tides of the equatorial electrojet during sudden stratospheric warmings

Longitudinal and Interhemispheric Ionospheric Response to 2009 and 2013 SSW Events in the African‐European and Indian‐East Asian Sectors

The Role of the Phase of QBO in Modulating the Influence of the SSW Effect on the Equatorial Ionosphere

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