Impact of sugar beet pectin and polydextrose on fasting and postprandial glycemia and fasting concentrations of serum total and lipoprotein lipids in middle-aged subjects with abnormal glucose metabolism

Abstract

Objective: To examine the effects of sugar beet pectin (SBP) and polydextrose (PDX) on fasting plasma glucose concentration, serum lipid profile and postprandial glycemia in middle-aged subjects with abnormal glucose metabolism. Design: A placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel double-blinded study. Subjects and setting: Subjects were recruited via newspaper announcements. Seventy subjects were recruited of which 66 completed the study. Intervention: The intervention period lasted for 12 weeks during which the subjects consumed a drink enriched with either SBP (n ¼ 22) or PDX (n ¼ 22) or without fiber enrichment (control group, n ¼ 22). The daily dose of the drinks was 4 dl. The subjects were also given nutrition counseling. Postprandial glycemia was examined in 24 subjects (n ¼ 8 in each group) at 0 and 12 weeks after a standardized breakfast. Results: Fasting plasma glucose concentration did not change in the SBP and PDX groups, whereas it increased in the control group (P ¼ 0.007). On the contrary, the glycosylated hemoglobin A1 c increased marginally but significantly (Pp0.05) in the intervention groups without a change in the control group. In postprandial glycemia, no differences between the groups were found. In both the SBP and PDX groups, fasting serum High-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentration increased (Pp0.05) without a change in the control group. Total to HDL-cholesterol ratio decreased in all groups (Pp0.05). Conclusions: It was found that SBP and PDX do not have positive effects on fasting or postprandial plasma glucose concentrations or serum lipid profile in subjects with abnormal glucose metabolism. Sponsorship:

Polydextrose in Lipid Metabolism

“…The effect of polydextrose on lipid values has been of interest in two studies with individuals showing abnormal glucose metabolism or type 2 diabetes. In subjects with impaired glucose metabolism, polydextrose administered for 12 weeks at 16 g/day has been observed to lower LDL cholesterol, increase HDL cholesterol and cause no change in triglycerides [52]. In this study, LDL cholesterol decreased also in the control group probably because of simultaneous nutrition consultation by a nutritionist [52].…”

“…These observations indicate that polydextrose could reduce the absorption of glucose. When the effect of polydextrose was studied with human subjects with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose, no change in plasma glucose or insulin has been observed [52]. However, this study [52] had a moderately high fructose intake which could have affected the results as fructose does not induce endogenous secretion of insulin [125].…”

“…When the effect of polydextrose was studied with human subjects with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose, no change in plasma glucose or insulin has been observed [52]. However, this study [52] had a moderately high fructose intake which could have affected the results as fructose does not induce endogenous secretion of insulin [125]. Diurnally polydextrose did not seem to change plasma sugar levels, but a decrease in insulin after meals was noted [69].…”

“…In subjects with impaired glucose metabolism, polydextrose administered for 12 weeks at 16 g/day has been observed to lower LDL cholesterol, increase HDL cholesterol and cause no change in triglycerides [52]. In this study, LDL cholesterol decreased also in the control group probably because of simultaneous nutrition consultation by a nutritionist [52]. In a combination study with 7 g polydextrose and 3 g oligofructose administered daily for 6 weeks in adults with type 2 diabetes, a decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL cholesterol, and ratios of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol was observed, while HDL cholesterol increased [53].…”

Impact of Diet Composition on Blood Glucose Regulation

“…Longer-term studies with isolated fiber products have yielded conflicting results. Schwab et al (2006) gave 24-30 g soluble fiber in the form of sugar beet pectin or synthetic polydextrose mixed with drink for three months to 66 subjects of which 10 were T2DM subjects, the rest having problems with glucose metabolism (IGT, IFG). They found no effect on fasting or on PPG after a standardized breakfast.…”