Impact of Surface Topography, Chemistry and Properties on the Adhesion of Sodium Alginate Coatings Electrophoretically Deposited on Titanium Biomaterials

Abstract

In this paper, we report on the electrophoretic deposition and characterisation of pure sodium alginate coatings on titanium biomaterials, the commercially pure titanium CP-Ti1 and Ti–13Nb–13Zr titanium alloy. Various solutions differing in the distilled water to ethanol volume ratio and sodium alginate concentration were used for coating deposition. Uniform, dense and continuous coatings with a thickness up to 1 µm were deposited. The effect of surface topography and morphology, wettability and surface free energy as well as surface chemistry on the coating adhesion to the titanium biomaterials were investigated. The coatings exhibited very good adhesion to the polished and then chemically treated alloy. The adhesion mechanisms were identified. The chemical bonding and interfacial adhesion mechanisms are plausible. The coatings exhibited low surface development, dependent on the applied substrate roughness. Sodium alginate coatings on both substrates showed moderate hydrophilicity and relatively high surface free energy, on average 30 pct higher in comparison with that of the substrate materials. The obtained results will be useful for the further development of composite sodium alginate coatings for enhancing the biological performance of titanium biomaterials.

Octacalcium Phosphate-Laden Hydrogels on 3D-Printed Titanium Biomaterials Improve Corrosion Resistance in Simulated Biological Media

“…For example, hydrogels have been extensively proven as excellent surface coatings for Ti implants due to their chemical stability, viscoelasticity, hydrophilicity, and biocompatibility [13,14]. Among them, sodium alginate (Alg) biopolymer coatings with high bioactivity, good biocompatibility, and cost-effectiveness has been broadly studied [15,16]. However, pure alginate exhibited poor mechanical properties and low activity towards the cells [17,18], and in addition, the adhesion of hydrogel and biopolymer coatings on flat metallic implants is reported to be weak [19].…”

A Nanoindentation Approach for Time-Dependent Evaluation of Surface Free Energy in Micro- and Nano-Structured Titanium

“…Moreover, chemical etching was proven to profoundly alter the surface free energy (SFE), playing a significant role in determining the success of the modified implants. In fact, SFE strongly influences coating adhesion [ 9 ] and the kind and extent to which different functionalities can be introduced. It also has a critical effect on the wettability of the final product and hence on its initial conditioning by proteins [ 10 ] and subsequent cell response [ 11 ].…”

Electrophoretic Deposition and Characterization of Curcumin/Chitosan Coatings

“…Often, various coatings are used to enhance the implant surface and act as carriers for various drugs that promote osseointegration, prevent infections, or modulate the risk of inflammation. 2,7,[14][15][16] Such coatings can be based on ceramics, polymers, metals, or a combination of the above. Currently, coatings based on natural compounds are becoming more and more important.…”

“…Recent studies show that natural, organic and biodegradable polymers can be a viable choice as antimicrobial coating matrices. 3,5,11,[14][15][16][17] Biopolymers, especially polysaccharides, are interesting materials due to the combination of their unique properties, such as low inherent toxicity, biodegradability, low cost and are obtained from renewable sources. 3,4,7,18,19 They can also exhibit osteoinductive and bacteriostatic properties and accelerate wound healing.…”