Impact of television on the quality of sleep in preschool children

Brockmann, Pablo E.; Díaz, Blanca; Damiani, Felipe; Villarroel, Luís; Nüñez, Felipe; Bruni, Oliviero

doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2015.06.005

Cited by 85 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Multivariable regression analysis indicated that the only independent factor associated with sleep duration was the use of a video device in the imminence of bedtime. A negative relationship between videotime and sleep has been already suggested by others studies [8–11, 22, 23], in adolescence but recently also in younger ages due to the widespread and earlier use of technology [24]. We found that the use of a video device close to bedtime in childhood was related to a short sleep independently of the presence of bedroom TV, and this fact might be explained by the increasing use of mobile devices [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Sleep habits and pattern in 1-14 years old children and relationship with video devices use and evening and night child activities

Brambilla

Giussani

Pasinato³

et al. 2017

Ital J Pediatr

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BackgroundSleep in childhood and adolescence is crucial for mental and physical health; however several researches reported an increasing trend towards a sleep deprivation in this age. Due to the lack of recent epidemiological studies in Italy, the aim of our study was to depict sleep habits and patterns in Italian children aged 1–14 years and to evaluate their relationships with video devices use (TV, tablet, smartphone, PC) and evening/night child activities.MethodsA structured interview was conducted during 2015 by 72 Family Pediatricians in 2030 healthy children aged 1–14 years by a cross-sectional survey named “Ci piace sognare”. Total sleep duration was calculated, 2015 National Sleep Foundation Recommendations were used as reference. Optimal sleepers were defined children sleeping in own bed all night without awakenings. Multivariable median regression was performed to identify predictors of sleep duration and multivariable logistic regression for predictors of optimal sleep.ResultsTotal sleep duration and numbers of awakenings decreased with age. Only 66.9% of children had sleep duration in agreement with Recommendations (50% in 10–14 years group). Before sleeping 63.5% of children used video devices (39.6% at 1–3 years), 39.1% read, 27.5% drank and 19.5% ate. Bottle users at bedtime were 30.8% at 1–3 years, 16.6% at 3–5 years and 4.9% at 5–7 years. Overall, 23.4% of children changed sleeping place during the night, 22.4% referred sleeping problems in the first year of life.Video devices use was negative predictor of sleep duration (-0.25 h [95%CI:-0.35,-0.14], p < 0.001). Optimal sleep was inversely related with bedroom TV (OR 0.63 [0.50,0.79], p < 0.001), with sleeping disorders in the first year (OR 0.62 [0.48,0.80], p < 0.001)), with bottle use (OR 0.64 [0.44,0.94], p < 0.05) and posivively related with high mother’s education level (OR 1.44 [1.11,1.88], p < 0.01).ConclusionsAbout one third of 1 to 14 year Italian children sleep less than recommended, one half in teenage. Modifiable risk factors for sleep abnormalities such as video devices use, bedroom TV and bottle use should be target of preventive strategies for a correct sleep. Pediatricians should give priority to the identification of sleep disorders early in life.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13052-016-0324-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Sleep habits and pattern in 1-14 years old children and relationship with video devices use and evening and night child activities

Brambilla

Giussani

Pasinato³

et al. 2017

Ital J Pediatr

Self Cite

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“…Tomopoulos et al [11] showed that young children under age two frequently watch background media that has age-inappropriate content or has not been turned on for them to watch. Brockmann et al [12] showed that the presence of a television in the child’s bedroom was associated with significantly reduced sleep quality, “sleep terrors,” “nightmares,” and “sleep talking” among children aged between 1 to 4 years. Two-year-old children in the United States watch an average of 2 hours of television each day, with nearly half watching more than that amount.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Media Use by Children, and Parents’ Views on Children's Media Usage

Dinleyici¹,

Çarman²,

Öztürk³

et al. 2016

Interact J Med Res

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BackgroundNew (mobile phones, smartphones, tablets, and social media) and traditional media (television) have come to dominate the lives of many children and adolescents. Despite all of this media time and new technology, many parents seem to have few rules regarding the use of media by their children and adolescents.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate media access/use of children and to evaluate beliefs and attitudes of parents concerning the use of old and new media in Turkey.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional electronic survey of a national convenience sample in Turkey via SurveyMonkey, including 41 questions regarding topics relevant to television, computers, mobile phones, iPad/tablet use, and social media accounts.ResultsThe responses of the 333 participants (238 women, 95 men; 27-63 years) were evaluated. The average daily watching alone time was 0 to 2 hours among 53.4% (46/86), and daily coviewing time with parents of children was 0 to 2 hours among 62.7% (54/86) of children below 2 years of age. Regarding parents’ monitoring their children’s computer use (n=178), 35.4% (63/178) of the parents prefer coviewing, 13.5% of the parents use a family filter (24/178), and 33.1% (59/178) of the parents prefer to check Web history. Approximately 71.2% (237/333) of the participants had an iPad/tablet in the house, 84.3% (200/333) of the parents give their children permission to use the iPad/tablet. Of the parents, 22.5% (45/200) noted that their children used the iPad/tablet at the table during lunch/dinner and 57.9% (26/45) of these children were aged 5 years and below. Of parents, 27.3% (91/333) agreed that the optimal age for owning a mobile phone was 12 years, and 18.0% (60/333) of the parents noted that their children (one-third was below 2 years) used the mobile phone at the table during meals. A total of 33.3% (111/333) children/adolescents have a Facebook profile, and 54.0% (60/111) were below 13 years of age. Approximately 89.2% (297/333) of the parents emphasized that the Internet is essential for their child’s education.DiscussionAccording to our study results, knowledge regarding the use of old and new media is limited among the parents in Turkey. Our study showed that screen time and mobile device use (including during meals) are common in children below 2 years of age, whereas no screen time was recommended for children below 2 years of age. We concluded that there is need for evidence-based guidelines regarding the use of the Internet and social media for parents and parents should ensure that there is a plan in place for the use of children’s media.

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“…The broad improvement across intervention and control conditions is likely attributable to increased roomand bed-sharing (and therefore increased presence of electronics) at baseline, whereas the intervention effect appears to be a direct result of increased parent knowledge about healthy sleep habits. In the context of research that documents the negative effects of having television and other electronics in the bedroom on child sleep duration and quality, 13,15,23 parent-directed messages about this topic could be quite beneficial for preventing future sleep difficulties, such as insufficient sleep, and related poor functional outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Well!: A Pilot Study of an Education Campaign to Improve Sleep of Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Children

Mindell

Sedmak²,

Boyle

et al. 2016

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

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Study Objectives: Socioeconomically disadvantaged children are at risk for poor sleep hygiene and increased sleep problems. This pilot study examined the efficacy of Sleep Well!, a parent-based sleep education endeavor, which supplemented an outreach program that provides beds to socioeconomically disadvantaged children. Methods: In addition to receiving a bed, 152 children (mean age = 5.95 years, 57.2% boys) were randomly assigned to sleep education (3 messages: bedtime before 21:00; no caffeine; keep electronics out of the bedroom) or control (dental hygiene education) conditions. All education was provided at both the time of scheduling and delivery of a bed to each child. Parent-reported sleep data were collected at baseline and at 4-week follow-up. Results: Provision of a bed was associated with reduced bedroom electronics and increased parent-reported nighttime sleep duration for all children. However, relative to control children, intervention children showed even greater reductions in electronics (baseline mean = 1.91 items, follow-up mean = 0.85 items) and improvements in sleep duration (baseline mean = 9.75 hours, follow-up mean = 10.19 hours). There was no intervention effect for caffeine consumption or bedtime from baseline to follow-up. Conclusions: Providing beds to socioeconomically disadvantaged children resulted in increased sleep duration and decreased use of electronics at bedtime, while the combination of a bed and brief parent sleep education conferred additional sleep benefits. Further study of brief child sleep interventions is warranted, particularly among socioeconomically disadvantaged children who are at risk for sleep problems.

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Impact of television on the quality of sleep in preschool children

Cited by 85 publications

References 31 publications

Sleep habits and pattern in 1-14 years old children and relationship with video devices use and evening and night child activities

Sleep habits and pattern in 1-14 years old children and relationship with video devices use and evening and night child activities

Media Use by Children, and Parents’ Views on Children's Media Usage

Sleep Well!: A Pilot Study of an Education Campaign to Improve Sleep of Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Children

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