Impact of the Asian wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Yasumatsu) on cultivated chestnut: Yield loss and cultivar susceptibility

Sartor, Chiara; Dini, Francesca; Marinoni, Daniela Torello; Mellano, Maria Gabriella; Beccaro, Gabriele Loris; Alma, Alberto; Quacchia, Ambra; Botta, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2015.10.004

Cited by 59 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…has focused on various aspects. These include insect biology (Viggiani and Nugnes 2010;Bernardo et al 2013), host-gall wasp interactions (Germinara et al 2011;Panzavolta et al 2012), biological (Quacchia et al 2008) and mechanical control (Maltoni et al 2012b;Turchetti et al 2012), identification of less susceptible C. sativa genotypes (Dini et al 2012;Sartor et al 2015), visual crown damage assessment (Guyot et al 2015), damage description and classification (Maltoni et al 2012a). In this context, and based on the experience of prior Japanese research, a number of different methods for the assessment of infestation degree (MAID) have been implemented and used (Kotobuki et al 1985;Matošević et al 2010;Sartor et al 2015) (Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the impact of Dryocosmus kuriphilus on the chestnut tree: branch architecture matters

et al. 2017

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Dryocosmus kuriphilus has become a major issue for chestnut (Castanea sativa) cultivation since its introduction in Europe. Thus far, however, quantitative assessments of the impact of D. kuriphilus in terms of green biomass loss are lacking. In the present study, we used the leaf area to sapwood area relationship (A L :A S )-based on the pipe model approach as a green biomass indicator-to quantitatively estimate the damage to chestnut trees caused by D. kuriphilus attacks and its recovery when the pest is controlled by Torymus sinensis in the chestnut stands of southern Switzerland. Leaf area loss is used as a response variable to select the most suitable explanatory architectural features at branch level to be combined in a damage index that permits a realistic assessment covering the entire epidemic. In our case study, the peak of the epidemic was reached in the fourth year of repeated D. kuriphilus attacks (leaf area losses exceeding 70%) with significant alterations in branch architecture. Although damage symptoms first decreased once biological control was reached (fifth year), branch architecture recovery was still lacking. From a methodological point of view, our A L :A S approach highlights how traditional methods of assessing the degree of infestation (i.e. proportion of attacked buds) fail to give sound estimations of resulting damage, whereas the proposed composite damage index enables a more realistic assessment of the entire epidemic process, including the recovery phase when the gall wasp is biologically controlled.Keywords Castanea sativa Á Leaf area-sapwood area ratio Á Branch architecture Á Tree damage Á Torymus sinensis Key message• Quantitative estimation of leaf area loss and tree damage due to repeated gall wasp attacks is still lacking. • We used a pipe model approach to estimate the loss in green biomass and related tree damage. • We propose a new damage composite index (DCI) that facilitates a realistic assessment of tree damage during the entire epidemic process. • The DCI may help calibrating the epidemic control measures based on the branch architecture corruption severity. Communicated by A. Battisti.Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the impact of Dryocosmus kuriphilus on the chestnut tree: branch architecture matters

et al. 2017

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“…Currently, the Asian chestnut gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu, is another important pest that causes the significant economic losses in chestnut orchards. Several studies have shown a wide range of susceptibility to attack the gall wasp, identifying seven resistant genotypes (Dini et al, 2012; Panzavolta et al, 2012; Sartor et al, 2015). Likewise, an assay with Chinese chestnut, Castanea mollisima Blume, has shown the preference of Conogethes punctiferalis Guenée for certain varieties (Du et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential response among chestnut traditional varieties to the attack of Cydia splendana

Cuestas

Martı́n

Aldebis

et al. 2020

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Fruit production of Castanea sativa Miller (Fagaceae) in southern Spain is carried out in traditional orchards using a large number of local varieties. The main areas of production are located in the Natural Park of Sierra de Aracena y Picos de Aroche (Huelva) and the Genal river Valley (Malaga). These agroforestry systems have shown a high genetic diversity and represent an example of in situ conservation. In this region, chestnut mainly suffers from attacks by Cydia splendana (H€ ubner) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), whose larvae feed on the fruits, thereby reducing their quality and economic value. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differential response between the chestnut local varieties to the attack of C. splendana. For that purpose, trees from the most representative varieties were evaluated on various farms. In cases where it was necessary, the trees were identified with a set of eight microsatellite markers. The infestation rate of C. splendana (percentage of infested fruits of the total fruits sampled per tree) differed among varieties, indicating a high genetic component in this effect. The results obtained in this study open the possibility of using this differential response in the control of C. splendana.

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“…In Europe, it is also the most impactful alien pest for Castanea sativa (Sartor et al 2015) and the level of damage depends on the cultivar (Botta et al 2006;Panzavolta et al 2012). The ACGW can reduce the yield in chestnuts by preventing the formation of the female flower when galls are formed in the apical buds of the shoots, stopping the growth and producing floral abortion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi associated with necrotic galls of <i>Dryocosmus kuriphilus</i> (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) in northern Spain

Fernández¹,

García²,

Casero³

2018

Silva Fenn.

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Highlights• Presence of Dryocosmus kuriphilus in Northern Spain.• The mycobiota associated to necrotic galls was studied for the first time.• 7 fungal species were identified.• The entomopathogenic fungi found could be use as potential biological control agents.• Gnomomiopsis smithogilvyi, Fusarium oxysporum and F. avenaceum known by their toxicity against the insect, were found. AbstractThe Asian chestnut gall wasp (ACGW), Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) is one of the most important pests in Castanea species worldwide. In 2012, it was found for the first time in Catalonia (Spain) and a year later, in the north of Spain (Cantabria). Today, it is present in 14 Spanish provinces. In search of biological control against the ACGW, several authors have previously found the relationship between the presence of some Fusarium Link species in necrotic galls and wasp mortality due to the production of different types of wall-degrading enzymes and entomopathogenic mycotoxins. The objective of this study was to investigate the mycobiota associated with necrotic galls to find interesting perspectives for biological control of the ACGW. For this purpose, in 2014, 119 necrotic galls of Castanea sativa Miller were plated to isolate and identify the associated fungi. The fungal isolates were identified by the morphology of the fruiting bodies and DNA analyses. From necrotic galls, 7 species of fungi were identified. Of these, we highlight three species of Fusarium Link as well as the presence of Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi Shuttlew, Liew & Guest due to its toxic capacity. Further studies are required to verify the effectiveness of these fungal species as biocontrol agents against the ACGW.

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Impact of the Asian wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Yasumatsu) on cultivated chestnut: Yield loss and cultivar susceptibility

Cited by 59 publications

References 17 publications

Assessing the impact of Dryocosmus kuriphilus on the chestnut tree: branch architecture matters

Assessing the impact of Dryocosmus kuriphilus on the chestnut tree: branch architecture matters

Differential response among chestnut traditional varieties to the attack of Cydia splendana

Fungi associated with necrotic galls of <i>Dryocosmus kuriphilus</i> (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) in northern Spain

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