Impact of the COVID-19 Event on Air Quality in Central China

Kong, Xu; Cui, Kangping; Young, Li-Hao; Hsieh, Yen Kung; Wang, Ya Fen; Zhang, Jiajia; Wan, Shun

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2020.04.0150

Cited by 214 publications

(246 citation statements)

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“…and O3 pollutants in China. Similar studies reported in China, Singapore, New York, Norway, Italy, United States, Spain, Turkey and Indonesia have analyzed the association between climate indicators (temperature, rainfall, humidity, air quality) and COVID-19 and found a significant association between them (Bashir et al, 2020;Gupta et al, 2020;Méndez-Arriaga, 2020;Menebo, 2020;Pani et al, 2020;Sahin, 2020;Tobias et al, 2020;Tosepu et al, 2020;Xu et al, 2020;Yao et al, 2020). Temperature which is considered as an important parameter in development, prevention and control of an epidemic showed different correlation in different countries (Tobías and Molina, 2020).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 60%

COVID-19 and Air Pollution in Indian Cities: World’s Most Polluted Cities

Kumari¹,

Lakhani²,

Kumari³

2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In the present study, pollutants levels from 24 th March-31 st May in 2020 were compared with the same time period in 2019 to estimate the impact of lockdown on air pollutants levels in 39 different cities of India (including 10 Indian cities considered among the world's 20 most polluted cities). Data for air pollutants was obtained from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) which was statistically analyzed. Tropospheric NO2 column retrieved from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) were compared between 2019 and 2020 to compare the NO2 levels. Impact of lockdown measures on Ghaziabad which is the world's most polluted city and Patiala which showed maximum reduction during the lockdown period in the present study was studied in detail. After the implementation of lockdown measures, air pollution decreased but with substantial variation among pollutants. The most significant reduction was observed for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (3-79%) and carbon monoxide (CO) (2-61%), pollutants which are mainly related to traffic emissions. Ozone (O3) showed a mixed trend with increasing levels at some cities which may be attributed to lower titration of O3 by NO. Maximum reduction observed in PM10 and PM2.5 was 58 and 57%, respectively during the lockdown period in 2020 as compared to the previous year. Air quality of the cities also improved in 2020. During the lockdown period in 2020, AQI of only 15% of cities was in the 'Unhealthy' category (151-200) while in 2019, 56% of cities were in the 'Unhealthy' category. In Ghaziabad and Patiala all the pollutants showed significant reduction after lockdown implementation except O3. Diurnal patterns of PM10, PM2.5, CO and NO2 showed lower values during lockdown period in 2020 with less distinct bimodal patterns as compared to 2019. The present study provides evidence that widespread implementation of air pollution measures can result in immediate air quality benefits.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 60%

COVID-19 and Air Pollution in Indian Cities: World’s Most Polluted Cities

Kumari¹,

Lakhani²,

Kumari³

2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…In Delhi, India, measured concentrations of PM 10 , PM 2.5 , NO 2 , and CO were reported to be substantially lower (for PM 10 and PM 2.5 , ~2× lower) during shelter-in-place 17 . In three cities in China, Wuhan, Jingmen and Enshi, PM 2.5 and NO 2 levels in February 2020 were 30.1% and 61.4% lower than February 2017-2019 levels, respectively, but ozone levels were 14.3% higher than 2017-2019 levels 20 . PM 2.5 and ozone concentrations in the UK during April 2020 were not systematically different, but NO 2 concentrations were 20-80% lower than average concentrations in 2015-2019 23 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Our paper also adds to the existing literature exploring covid-related impacts on air pollution and related activity levels [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] . Much of the news in the popular press regarding impacts of covid on air pollution emphasizes that concentrations have improved post-covid [32][33][34][35][36][37] ; our investigation aims to test those claims using a national dataset of in-situ concentration measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PM2.5 and Ozone Air Pollution Levels Have Not Dropped Consistently Across the US Following Societal Covid Response

Bekbulat¹,

Apte²,

Millet³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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<p>Analysis of a large national dataset of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone air pollution from the US Environmental Protection Agency indicate opposing differences in average concentrations during the covid response period, relative to expected levels. These are the two most important pollutants in terms of public health impacts and non-attainment in the US. Post- covid response, average PM2.5 levels are modestly higher (~10%) than expected; average ozone levels are lower (~7%). However, the size of the post-response ozone anomaly is decreasing with time. In addition, no individual US state had lower-than-expected PM2.5 for all weeks post- covid response, and only one US state (California) met that criteria for ozone. Two non-covid factors, meteorology and regional transport, do not fully explain observed trends. These findings are unexpected given the large reduction in many household’s activities associated with “stay at home” and other covid responses. We hypothesize that this result partly arises from the fact that ozone and the majority of PM2.5 are secondary pollutants formed in the atmosphere from emissions from many sources (i.e., not just traffic). Preliminary analysis of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) data in a few cities reveals substantially lower-than-expected (~31%) concentrations post-covid. NO2 is a primary pollutant and is much more strongly associated with traffic than PM2.5 or ozone. </p><br>

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“…In addition, the study also estimated a reduction of CO2 emissions by 25 % (Isaifan, 2020). Xu et al (2020) showed that, from January to March 2020, the decrease in NO2 concentration was of great significance and much higher than other pollutants, such as PM10 and PM2.5. Moreover, Anjum (2020) also showed from satellite images a remarkable reduction of air pollution in Italy, France and USA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

90 Days of COVID-19 Social Distancing and Its Impacts on Air Quality and Health in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Debone¹,

Costa²,

Miraglia³

2020

Preprint

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The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by spreading rapidly a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has imposed a unique situation for the humanity. Sao Paulo has reported 124,105 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 5,623 deaths up to June 14th, being considered the epicenter of the pandemic in Brazil and in South America. Due to the measures for social distancing, there was a drop in the air pollution concentration in Sao Paulo. Starting on March 16th, 2020, we broke 90 days of social distancing into 13 weeks and compared to an equivalent period in 2019. We investigated the air quality improvement during the quarantine period and compared the associated avoided deaths to COVID-19 burden deaths. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was the best indicator of air quality in the analyzed weeks, since its reduction reached 58 %. Our study showed that the 5,623 deaths occurred during the analyzed weeks of quarantine represents an economic health loss of US$ 10.5 billion. In opposite, we observed a significant air quality improvement due to pollutants concentrations’ reductions during the analyzed weeks. Considering PM10, PM2.5 and NO2, the decrease of concentration levels respectively avoided 78, 337 and 387 premature deaths and prevented up to US$ 1.5 billion on health costs. These results highlight the importance of continuing to enforce existing air pollution regulations and measures to protect human health both during and after COVID-19 pandemic.

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Impact of the COVID-19 Event on Air Quality in Central China

Cited by 214 publications

References 0 publications

COVID-19 and Air Pollution in Indian Cities: World’s Most Polluted Cities

COVID-19 and Air Pollution in Indian Cities: World’s Most Polluted Cities

PM2.5 and Ozone Air Pollution Levels Have Not Dropped Consistently Across the US Following Societal Covid Response

90 Days of COVID-19 Social Distancing and Its Impacts on Air Quality and Health in Sao Paulo, Brazil

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