Impact of the electricity mix and use profile in the life-cycle assessment of electric vehicles

Faria, Ricardo Tadeu de; Marques, Pedro; Moura, Pedro; Freire, Fausto; Delgado, Joaquim; Almeida, Anı́bal T. de

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2013.03.063

Cited by 288 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Various studies have discussed AFVs in relation to sustainability or sustainable development [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. However, merely a handful of studies have been geared toward AFV evaluation with consideration to all sustainable development elements: economic, environmental, and social.…”

Section: Relationship Between Sustainable Development and Afvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research approaches were conducted in AFVs in relation to sustainability or sustainable development, such as multi-level analysis [4], cost prediction analysis [5], life-cycle modeling [6], qualitative research [7,10,11], the Energy PLAN model [9], NETPLAN [13,14], and the hybrid choice model [16]. However, those research approaches mostly used statistical data as their data resource.…”

Section: Relationship Between Sustainable Development and Afvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, a normalized initial direct relation matrix is calculated using Equations (2) and (3). Third, the total relation matrix is computed by using Equations (4)- (6). The total relation matrix is presented in Table 4.…”

Section: Constructing the Network Relation Map By Dematelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternative fuels possess different characteristics and compositions that merit considerable attention [3]. Abundant research discussions on AFVs have been conducted with views on sustainable development focusing on sustainable mobility [4], life-cycle cost [5,6], alternative fuel and clean vehicle AFVs from the sustainable development perspective. The result can also be used as a reference by automakers or researchers to expand the market diffusion of AFVs by improving AFV development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation Framework for Alternative Fuel Vehicles: Sustainable Development Perspective

et al. 2015

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Road transport accounts for 72.06% of total transport CO2, which is considered a cause of climate change. At present, the use of alternative fuels has become a pressing issue and a significant number of automakers and scholars have devoted themselves to the study and subsequent development of alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs). The evaluation of AFVs should consider not only air pollution reduction and fuel efficiency but also AFV sustainability. In general, the field of sustainable development is subdivided into three areas: economic, environmental, and social. On the basis of the sustainable development perspective, this study presents an evaluation framework for AFVs by using the DEMATEL-based analytical network process. The results reveal that the five most important criteria are price, added value, user acceptance, reduction of hazardous substances, and dematerialization. Price is the most important criterion because it can improve the popularity of AFVs and affect other criteria, including user acceptance. Additional, the energy usage criterion is expected to significantly affect the sustainable development of AFVs. These results should be seriously considered by automakers and governments in developing AFVs. OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2015, 7

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Section: Relationship Between Sustainable Development and Afvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relationship Between Sustainable Development and Afvsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Constructing the Network Relation Map By Dematelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation Framework for Alternative Fuel Vehicles: Sustainable Development Perspective

et al. 2015

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“…These studies have found that vehicle use dominates over the vehicle production phase regarding energy consumption and GHG emissions, particularly for fossil-based electricity mixes [8]. Some studies also addressed the influence of the charging profile in the GHG emissions of EVs, with some reporting that EV charging during off-peak hours results in lower emissions than in peak hours [9][10][11]. On the other hand, a smaller group of studies looked at EVs as a new load added to the electricity system and assessed how the system would respond to this change by determining the marginal electricity supply and corresponding emissions (e.g., [12][13][14][15]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marginal Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Electricity Generation in Portugal and Implications for Electric Vehicles

Garcia

Freire

2016

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This article assesses marginal greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of electricity generation in Portugal to understand the impact of activities that affect electricity demand in the near term. In particular, it investigates the introduction of electric vehicles (EVs) in the Portuguese light-duty fleet considering different displacement and charging scenarios (vehicle technologies displaced, EV charging time). Coal and natural gas were identified as the marginal energy sources, but their contribution to the margin depended on the hour of the day, time of year, and system load, causing marginal emissions from electricity to vary significantly. Results show that for an electricity system with a high share of non-dispatchable renewable power, such as the Portuguese system, marginal emissions are considerably higher than average emissions. Because of the temporal variability in the marginal electricity supply, the time of charging may have a major influence on the GHG emissions of EVs. Off-peak charging leads to higher GHG emissions than peak charging, due to a higher contribution of coal to the margin. Furthermore, compared to an all-conventional fleet, EV introduction causes an increase in overall GHG emissions in most cases. However, EV effects are very dependent on the time of charging and the assumptions about the displaced technology.

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Electric vehicle lifecycle carbon emission reduction: A review

Gao,

Xie,

Yang

et al. 2023

Carbon Neutralization

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Under the global carbon neutrality initiative, carbon emissions from the transportation sector are becoming increasingly prominent due to the growth in vehicle ownership. And electric mobility may be a potentially effective measure to reduce road traffic carbon emissions and achieve a green transformation of transportation. This paper systematically collates the relevant carbon accounting standards for the automotive industry and elaborates the current status of road transport greenhouse gas emissions by combining the data from the International Energy Agency. And by comparing the lifecycle carbon footprint of various energy types of vehicles, the necessity and feasibility of electric mobility to reduce carbon emissions are discussed. However, the comparison of vehicle lifecycle carbon footprints shows that electric vehicles (EVs) are not as environmentally friendly as expected, although they can significantly reduce road traffic carbon emissions. The high carbon emissions from the manufacturing process of the core components of EVs, especially the power battery, reduce the low‐carbon potential of electric mobility. Therefore, the carbon emission reduction strategies and outcomes of automakers in the automotive industry chain have been further reviewed. Finally, focusing on vehicle power batteries, this article reviews the technologies such as refined management and echelon utilization that can make EVs more environmentally friendly and promote carbon neutrality in the transportation sector.

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Impact of the electricity mix and use profile in the life-cycle assessment of electric vehicles

Cited by 288 publications

References 47 publications

Evaluation Framework for Alternative Fuel Vehicles: Sustainable Development Perspective

Evaluation Framework for Alternative Fuel Vehicles: Sustainable Development Perspective

Marginal Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Electricity Generation in Portugal and Implications for Electric Vehicles

Electric vehicle lifecycle carbon emission reduction: A review

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