Impact of the extension of black leaf streak disease on banana susceptibility to post-harvest diseases

Abstract

-Introduction. The susceptibility of banana fruit to crown rot and anthracnose, the two main banana post-harvest diseases, is influenced by many pre-harvest abiotic factors. Mycosphaerella leaf spot diseases (MLSD) of bananas are biotic pre-harvest factors, which have an influence on fruit physiology. The fruit's susceptibility to post-harvest diseases may also be influenced by foliar diseases caused by M. fijiensis, responsible for black leaf streak disease (BLSD), and M. musicola, which causes sigatoka disease (SD). The aim of our study was to determine the influence of these biotic pre-harvest factors on banana fruit's susceptibility to crown rot and anthracnose. Materials and methods. A disease severity gradient was established in two experimental fields (Cameroon for BLSD and Guadeloupe for SD) where, at the flowering stage, six different levels of MLSD severity were selected. Fruit susceptibility was determined through necrotic surface assessments after artificial inoculation by Colletotrichum musae on the 3rd hand of harvested bunches. Results and discussion. BLSD significantly influenced banana sensitivity to crown rot (P < 0.001) but only had a slight effect on the development of anthracnose (P = 0.041). SD had no effect (P > 0.05) on banana susceptibility to either post-harvest disease. These results are discussed with emphasis on the influence of variations in the source-sink ratio on fruit physiology. The influence of BLSD on crown rot disease suggests the need to take into account the management of these foliar diseases for an alternative control method of post-harvest diseases through integrated pest management programs.Cameroon / Guadeloupe / Musa / fruits / Mycosphaerella fijiensis / Mycosphaerella musicola / black sigatoka / black leaf streak disease / anthracnoses / crown rots Impact de l'extension de la maladie des raies noires sur la sensibilité des bananes aux maladies post-récolte.Résumé -Introduction. La sensibilité des bananes aux maladies post-récolte (pourriture de couronnes et anthracnose) est influencée par plusieurs facteurs abiotiques pré-récolte. Les maladies foliaires de bananes sont des facteurs biotiques pré-récolte causés par Mycosphaerella fijiensis pour la maladie des raies noires (MRN) et M. musicola, pour la maladie de Sigatoka (MS). Ces maladies foliaires pourraient avoir une influence sur la physiologie du fruit. L'objectif de cette étude a été de déterminer l'influence de ces facteurs biotiques pré-récolte sur la sensibilité du fruit à la pourriture de couronnes et à l'anthracnose. Matériel et méthodes. Un gradient de sévérité de la maladie a été établi dans deux parcelles expérimentales (Cameroun pour la MRN et Guadeloupe pour MS). À la floraison, six niveaux différents de sévérité de ces maladies foliaires ont été sélectionnés. La sensibilité du fruit a été déterminée en évaluant la surface de couronnes nécrosée après inoculation artificielle des fruits de la 3e main du régime par Colletotrichum musae. Résultats et discussion. La MRN a influencé significativem...

&lt;i&gt;Tithonia diversifolia&lt;/i&gt; Mulch Stimulates the Growth of Plantain PIF Seedlings and Induces a Less Susceptibility to &lt;i&gt;Mycosphaerella fijiensis&lt;/i&gt; in the Nursery

“…Moreover, the use of chemical inputs like weed-killers, fertilizers, fungicides and pesticides in PIF seedlings production and on farmlands is harmful to human and the environment, and also responsible for the appearance of resistance in plant pathogens strains [5] and is not affordable to the small peasant farmers. Tithonia diversifolia, a woody herb of 2 -3 m tall in the family Asteraceae, is conditions in the laboratory.…”

New proposed of standard area diagram scale for assessing black sigatoka in bananas

“…It has several effects on plants, reducing total functional leaves, bunch and fruit weight, green life (Castelan et al, 2012;Yepez et al, 2020), and photosynthesis (Hidalgo et al, 2006;Rodríguez-Gaviria & Cayón, 2008). It makes fruits more susceptible to post-harvest disease because of the accumulation of ethylene, which leads to premature ripening of fruits (Ewané et al, 2013). Fungicide spraying and affected leaf tissue removal are the main practices to control this disease.…”

&lt;i&gt;Tithonia diversifolia&lt;/i&gt; Leaves and Stems Use as Substrate Amendment Promote the Growth of Plantain Vivoplants in the Nursery

“…However, the use of chemical inputs (weed-killers, fertilizers, fungicides and pesticides) in the nursery and on farmlands is expensive for small peasant farmers. In addition, they are harmful to human and the environment, responsible for the appearance of the residues in fruits skin and vegetables as well as resistance in plant pathogens strains [12].…”