Impact of the NHS Stop Smoking Services on smoking prevalence in England: a simulation modelling evaluation

Elwell-Sutton, Tim; Naughton, Felix

doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054879

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…They managed to reduce the smoking-prevalence from 27% in 2000 to 16% in 2016 in absolute terms, 0.72% annual reduction ( 32 ). A study reported that 15% of the reduction could be attributable to the Stop Smoking Services, approved by the English National Health Service ( 33 ). Smokers who were motivated to quit were referred to Stop Smoking Services.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although counseling and follow-up could be provided by cessation specialists or other trained healthcare professionals, cessation specialists were more successful in preventing smoking relapse. However, specialist cessation support may not be necessary to all quit attempts, and it could be suggested that quit programs could be a mix of specialist support for a small proportion of smokers who need it, brief support along with cessation medication for many and self-help for the majority ( 33 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current Tobacco Smoking Prevalence Among Iranian Population: A Closer Look at the STEPS Surveys

Sohrabi

Abbasi‐Kangevari

Kolahi

2020

Front. Public Health

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Objectives: To determine the current tobacco smoking prevalence among Iranian adults, its geographical distribution in 2011, 2016, and time trend during 2004-2016.Methods: We conducted a pooled analysis of the published reports of 2004, 2007, 2008, 2009, and the data of 2011 and 2016 of the STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk-factor surveillance (STEPS) surveys.Results: The prevalence of current tobacco smoking and current daily cigarette smoking in 2016 was 14.1 and 9.7%, respectively. Only 0.2% of participants smoked water-pipe. Current tobacco smoking prevalence remained unchanged during 2004-2016 for both men and women. The prevalence of passive smoking at home or workplace was 27.4%. Current tobacco smoking prevalence and current daily cigarette smoking was significantly lower among women than men. Current tobacco smoking prevalence showed a geographical pattern throughout the country. In both 2011 and 2016, current tobacco smoking prevalence was higher among men who lived in the western provinces, especially the north-west, than those who lived in the eastern and southern provinces.Conclusions: The current tobacco smoking prevalence among Iranian population has not changed significantly during 2004-2016 and does not conform to the international guidelines. Therefore, it remains crucial yet challenging that effective nationwide policies be implemented to reduce the use of tobacco products. One cannot hope for any reductions in smoking prevalence until a cocktail of interventions are built around strong commitment to government policy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Tobacco Smoking Prevalence Among Iranian Population: A Closer Look at the STEPS Surveys

Sohrabi

Abbasi‐Kangevari

Kolahi

2020

Front. Public Health

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“…A discrete time state-transition model developed in our previous study 10 was revised to incorporate socioeconomic status (SES) for adults in England. 11 Briefly, the adult population in England was categorised into subgroups by sex, age, highest level of educational qualification (HEQ) and smoking status.…”

Section: Model Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 We adopted a negative exponential model, calibrated based on data presented in Vugrin et al, 18 to estimate relative risks of all-cause mortality by time since cessation. We defined former smokers as those who stopped smoking for ≥12 months, and used a modelling approach to estimating cessation rate between two adjacent years, given other inflow to and outflow from current smokers, 10 during 2013-2016 (online supplementary appendix 1).…”

Section: Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future smoking prevalence by socioeconomic status in England: a computational modelling study

2020

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BackgroundThe difference in smoking across socioeconomic groups is a major cause of health inequality. This study projected future smoking prevalence by socioeconomic status, and revealed what is needed to achieve the tobacco-free ambition (TFA) by 2030 in England.MethodsUsing data from multiple sources, the adult (≥18 years) population in England was separated into subgroups by smoking and highest educational qualification (HEQ). A discrete time state-transition model was used to project future smoking prevalence by HEQ deterministically and stochastically.ResultsIn a status quo scenario, smoking prevalence in England is projected to be 10.8% (95% uncertainty interval: 9.1% to 12.9%) by 2022, 7.8% (5.5% to 11.0%) by 2030 and 6.0% (3.7% to 9.6%) by 2040. The absolute difference in smoking rate between low and high HEQ is reduced from 12.2% in 2016 to 7.9% by 2030, but the relative inequality (low/high HEQ ratio) is increased from 2.48 in 2016 to 3.06 by 2030. When applying 2016 initiation/relapse rates, achievement of the TFA target requires no changes to future cessation rates among adults with high qualifications, but increased rates of 37% and 149%, respectively, in adults with intermediate and low qualifications.ConclusionsIf the current trends continue, smoking prevalence in England is projected to decline in the future, but with substantial differences across socioeconomic groups. Absolute inequalities in smoking are likely to decline and relative inequalities in smoking are likely to increase in future. The achievement of England’s TFA will require the reduction of both absolute and relative inequalities in smoking by socioeconomic status.

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“…There has been some improvement in the quit success rate of this population, which may be due to the European Union tobacco products directive, which was finalized in 2017 [ 4 ]. Prohibition of smoking in public spaces and the use of smoking cessation services may have contributed to the reduction in smoking prevalence over the last 15 years [ 5 ]. However, to achieve the Department of Health’s vision of a smoke-free generation by 2035 [ 6 ], there is a strong need to increase the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of existing interventions embedded within health care in addition to other tobacco control initiatives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Tailored Web- and Text-Based Smoking Cessation Support in Primary Care (iQuit in Practice II): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2020

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Background The prevalence of smoking is declining; however, it continues to be a major public health burden. In England, primary care is the health setting that provides smoking cessation support to most smokers. However, this setting has one of the lowest success rates. The iQuit in practice intervention (iQuit) is a tailored web-based and text message intervention developed for use in primary care consultations as an adjunct to routine smoking cessation support with the aim of increasing success rates. iQuit has demonstrated feasibility, acceptability, and potential effectiveness. Objective This definitive trial aims to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of iQuit when used as an adjunct to the usual support provided to patients who wish to quit smoking, compared with usual care alone. Methods The iQuit in Practice II trial is a two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a 1:1 individual allocation comparing usual care (ie, pharmacotherapy combined with multisession behavioral support)—the control—with usual care plus iQuit—the intervention. Participants were recruited through primary care clinics and talked to a smoking cessation advisor. Participants were randomized during the initial consultation, and those allocated to the intervention group received a tailored advice report and 90 days of text messaging in addition to the standard support provided to all patients. Results The primary outcome is self-reported prolonged abstinence biochemically verified using saliva cotinine at 6 months after the quit date. A sample size of 1700 participants, with 850 per arm, would yield 90% power to detect a 4.3% difference in validated quit rates between the groups at the two-sided 5% level of significance. The Cambridge East Research Ethics Committee approved the study in February 2016, and funding for the study was granted from May 2016. In total, 1671 participants were recruited between August 2016 and July 2019. Follow-up for all participants was completed in January 2020. Data analysis will begin in the summer of 2020. Conclusions iQuit in Practice II is a definitive, pragmatic RCT assessing whether a digital intervention can augment the impact of routine smoking cessation support in primary care. Previous research has found good acceptability and feasibility for delivering iQuit among smoking cessation advisors working in primary care. If demonstrated to be cost-effective, iQuit could be delivered across primary care and other settings, such as community pharmacies. The potential benefit would likely be highest where less behavioral support is delivered. Trial Registration International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 44559004; http://www.isrctn.com /ISRCTN44559004. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/17160

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Impact of the NHS Stop Smoking Services on smoking prevalence in England: a simulation modelling evaluation

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Current Tobacco Smoking Prevalence Among Iranian Population: A Closer Look at the STEPS Surveys

Current Tobacco Smoking Prevalence Among Iranian Population: A Closer Look at the STEPS Surveys

Future smoking prevalence by socioeconomic status in England: a computational modelling study

Assessment of the Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Tailored Web- and Text-Based Smoking Cessation Support in Primary Care (iQuit in Practice II): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

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