Impact of the sipunculan Aspidosiphon muelleri Diesing, 1851 on calcareous underwater Cultural Heritage

Classical and new bioerosion trace fossils in Cretaceous belemnite guards characterised via micro-CT

“…Antonelli et al, 2015). This would have been a drilling process sensu stricto, perhaps supported by chemical weakening of the substrate via secretory products of epidermal glands, such as already reported by Rice (1969).…”

“…The ability of sipunculans to bioerode is well known; they may form a significant component of bioeroder communities (e.g. Bromley, 1970;Warme, 1975;Cutler, 1994;Hutchings and Peyrot-Clausade, 2002;Antonelli et al, 2015). Mechanical and chemical mechanisms of bioerosion, or a combination of these, have been advocated (for reviews, see Rice, 1969;Bromley, 1970;Williams and Margolis, 1974).…”

Sipuncula inhabiting the coral Oculina patagonica in the western Mediterranean Sea

“…Aspidosiphon muelleri has not yet been recorded in O. patagonica, but is, by far, the most common species classified in soft substrata within nearby areas, dwelling in gastropod shells or preferably empty tubes of the serpulid polychaete Ditrupa arietina (Ferrero-Vicente et al 2013bFerrero-Vicente 2014). Aspidosiphon muelleri has also been previously reported in diverse hard substrate habitats and even drilling activity has been also observed (Por 1975;Antonelli et al 2015); therefore, its sporadic presence in O. patagonica within the studied area cannot be discarded.…”

“…Rock-boring sipunculans are usual inhabitants of both live and dead portions of coral skeletons, presumably in burrows of their own formation, contributing actively to the erosion of such structures by making them brittle (Rice 1975;Rice & Macintyre 1982;Klein et al 1991;Antonelli et al 2015). Phascolosoma stephensoni: a Specimen with the introvert partially everted; b detail of a dissected specimen; c amplification of the cone-shaped papillae from the anterior part of the introvert; d amplification of the cone-shaped papillae from the posterior part of the introvert; e oocyte; f hooks from the rings in of the introvert; g amplification of cone-shaped papillae from the anterior part of the introvert; h amplification of cone-shaped papilla from the caudal part of the introvert Fig.…”

Aspects of Biodeterioration of Lapideous Submerged Artefacts: 3d Methodologies Application

“…The species Aspidosiphon muelleri Diesing was found on submerged Cultural Heritage (Fig. 1 F) (Antonelli et al, 2015). Microboring is produced by phototrophic and chemotrophic microorganisms which actively penetrate inside hard substrates by biochemical dissolution.…”