Impact of time estimation on the crossover effect in schizophrenia

Borst, Ulrike; Cohen, Rudolf

doi:10.1016/0165-1781(87)90112-0

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, some previous manual RT studies using a similar range of Pis have found greater regular PI effects in schizophrenia than in controls (Borst & Cohen, 1989;R. Cohen, Hermanutz, & Rist, 1984), but not all (Borst & Cohen, 1987). All of those studies reported crossover in the patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Manual and saccadic reaction time with constant and variable preparatory intervals in schizophrenia.

Zahn¹,

Roberts²,

Schooler³

et al. 1998

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Saccadic reaction time (RT) has been shown to be unimpaired in schizophrenia. Could this be due to its not requiring controlled information processing? The authors gave 49 schizophrenia patients and 34 controls manual and saccadic RT tasks with preparatory intervals of 1, 3, and 5 s given in regular and irregular sequences. If saccades require mainly automatic processes, they should not be affected by variations in the preparatory interval that are mediated by controlled processing. The manual task showed typical slower RT and larger preparatory interval effects in patients than in controls. Although the saccadic task showed significant effects of both the preparatory interval and the preparatory interval on the preceding trial similar in kind to those in manual RT, there were no group differences in these or in RT. The results are attributed to greater stimulus-response compatibility in the saccadic task, which puts fewer demands on working memory.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Manual and saccadic reaction time with constant and variable preparatory intervals in schizophrenia.

Zahn¹,

Roberts²,

Schooler³

et al. 1998

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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“…Posited differences in time estimation have a historical basis in the analysis of schizophrenia, and they too have been discussed within the concept of the 'specious present'. Borst and Cohen (1987) surmised: 'according to Fraisse (1984), a duration of up to about 3 s is perceived as a quantity whose beginning has not yet been stored in memory while in longer durations memory intervenes in the making of a global judgement about the duration. On the basis of this distinction, one could implicate a specific deficit in time estimation' in schizophrenia (Borst and Cohen, 1987, p. 332).…”

Section: Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiological distortions in time perception and timed performance

Allman

Meck

2011

Brain

407

360

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Distortions in time perception and timed performance are presented by a number of different neurological and psychiatric conditions (e.g. Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism). As a consequence, the primary focus of this review is on factors that define or produce systematic changes in the attention, clock, memory and decision stages of temporal processing as originally defined by Scalar Expectancy Theory. These findings are used to evaluate the Striatal Beat Frequency Theory, which is a neurobiological model of interval timing based upon the coincidence detection of oscillatory processes in corticostriatal circuits that can be mapped onto the stages of information processing proposed by Scalar Timing Theory.

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“…These results support the assumptions of Spring & Zubin (1977) on the impact of time estimation and suggest specifications of Shakow's (1963) segmental set theory. In our earlier study with only 12 schizophrenics (Borst & Cohen, 1987) no attenuation of the interaction could be discerned and only one out of five patients with a COE-score ^ 25 msec had such a reduction of his COE-score. We have no explanation for these discrepancies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Niemi & Naatanen, 1981). We had tested such a procedure in an earlier study on the COE with rather small samples of schizophrenics and controls (Borst & Cohen, 1987). In that study time information reduced overall RTs both in schizophrenics and controls but left the average COE of the schizophrenics unchanged.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filling the preparatory interval with temporal information or visual noise: crossover effect in schizophrenics and controls

Borst

Cohen

1989

Psychol. Med.

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SYNOPSISThree variants of a simple reaction time task with regular and irregular series of different preparatory intervals (Pls) were presented to schizophrenics and a control group of alcoholics and normals: the visual warning signal (WS) either (1) remained fixed, (2) shrank at a constant rate, or (3) changed in size erratically. Time information provided by shrinking WSs reduced the average reaction time in all groups and attenuated the crossover effect (COE) of schizophrenics, although even here more schizophrenics than controls had COE-scores ≥ 25 msec. Erratically changing WSs introduced the COE in controls. Within groups the COE was not related to general response speed, age, duration of hospitalization, or medication. Results are interpreted as indicating that schizophrenics eschew controlled anticipatory processes on the basis of WS- and PI-information which are crucial for motor preparation when PIs are too long to allow an automatic perceptual grouping of warning and imperative stimulus. This may also occur in controls when time estimation is impeded by distraction.

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Impact of time estimation on the crossover effect in schizophrenia

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Manual and saccadic reaction time with constant and variable preparatory intervals in schizophrenia.

Manual and saccadic reaction time with constant and variable preparatory intervals in schizophrenia.

Pathophysiological distortions in time perception and timed performance

Filling the preparatory interval with temporal information or visual noise: crossover effect in schizophrenics and controls

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