Impact of transfer time on pregnancy outcomes in frozen-embryo transfer cycles

Lee, Malinda S.; Cardozo, Eden R.; Karmon, Anatte E.; Wright, Donald R.; Toth, Thomas L.

doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.11.031

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The period after drawing the embryo into the catheter was considered to estimate the ET duration in a couple of studies (7,18), emphasizing that transfer duration does not have a relation with clinical success rates after drawing the embryo into the catheter, which is similar to our results (18). A more recent study similarly concluded that longer ET duration does not negatively affect implantation, clinical pregnancy, or live birth rates (19). In our study, the difference is that for estimating the total period, we start with the cleaning of the cervical mucus and placing the speculum, which is the beginning of the transfer process.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

The Effect of Embryo Transfer Process Duration on Implantation Success

Kasapoğlu

Aslan

Orhan

et al. 2021

Gynecol Obstet Reprod Med

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of the embryo transfer duration of standard and simple embryo transfer method. STUDY DESIGN: This study was a retrospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary ART Centre, between June 2018- September 2018. Day 5 fresh embryo transferred patients aged between 18 - 40, BMI <35 kg/m2 without uterine pathology were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into two groups. Group-1 consisted of patients who had successful implantation and Group-2 consisted of patients who did not have implantation. Groups were compared according to their embryo transfer durations. Ninety-two patients were enrolled in the study. Also, sub-steps of as; cleaning of the cervical mucus and placing the outer catheter in the cervix, loading the embryo to the catheter, the period between embryo loading and embryo transfer, and following that, time spent for retracting the outer catheter evaluated. RESULTS: Between Group-1 and Group-2, there was no significant difference for the period of cervical cleaning and placing the outer catheter into the cervix (Respectively; 63 sec vs. 76 sec; p=0.18), the period of embryo loading (Respectively; 69sec vs. 71sec; p=0.46), the period between embryo loading and embryo transfer (Respectively; 10 sec vs. 10 sec; p=0.74, retracing the outer catheter (Respectively; 25.5sec vs. 24sec; p=0.42 and the total period of embryo transfer (182sec vs. 182.5 sec; p=0.55). CONCLUSION: The embryo transfer duration is not related to implantation rates. The duration of the embryo transfer process steps is not a distinguishing factor if a good-quality embryo transfer is done.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

The Effect of Embryo Transfer Process Duration on Implantation Success

Kasapoğlu

Aslan

Orhan

et al. 2021

Gynecol Obstet Reprod Med

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“…Anything that creates difficulty at the time of embryo transfer could elongate the embryo transfer time. Lee et al in a retrospective cohort study found that longer transfer time does not negatively influence clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate or live-birth rate [36]. This study however noted that difficulty in transfer negatively affects the clinical pregnancy rate.…”

Section: Embryo Loading and Discharge Intervalmentioning

confidence: 60%

Embryo Transfer in In-Vitro Fertilization: Factors Affecting Successful Outcome

Onuh¹

2023

Embryology Update

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Embryo transfer is the last component of series of events in the process of in vitro fertilization treatment. Events happening at the embryo transfer stage if not well managed could jeopardize the entire process with unpleasant consequences. It is considered to be a critical determinant of clinical outcome in the entire in vitro fertilization procedure. Consequently, factors affecting its efficiency are very vital in the determination of clinical pregnancy, implantation, ongoing pregnancy and live birth rates. Some factors have been clearly seen to be beneficial to the positive outcome of in vitro fertilization, while the benefit of the other factors is still very questionable or have been dismissed. The most important of all factors are ultrasound guided embryo transfer and the use of soft flexible catheters for embryo transfer. Others are removal of cervical mucus before the transfer process, accurate placement of the embryo within the endometrial cavity and immediate ambulation after embryo transfer.

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“…The embryo cryopreservation duration and its impact on pregnancy outcomes remain debated. Some studies [13,[29][30][31] suggest that the embryo cryopreservation duration does not significantly affect pregnancy outcomes, while others [32,33] indicate decreased survival and pregnancy rates with prolonged vitrification freezing. Our study shows that embryo cryopreservation duration for over 1 year specifically impairs pregnancy outcomes, consistent with the negative effects of extended freezing periods found in other studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the optimal time limit of frozen embryo transfer and the effect of a long-term frozen embryo on pregnancy outcome

Wang,

Chen,

Ruan

et al. 2024

Medicine

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In this retrospective study conducted at Sichuan Jinxin Xinan Women and Children’s Hospital spanning January 2015 to December 2021, our objective was to investigate the impact of embryo cryopreservation duration on outcomes in frozen embryo transfer. Participants, totaling 47,006 cycles, were classified into 3 groups based on cryopreservation duration: ≤1 year (Group 1), 1 to 6 years (Group 2), and ≥6 years (Group 3). Employing various statistical analyses, including 1-way ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis test, chi-square test, and a generalized estimating equation model, we rigorously adjusted for confounding factors. Primary outcomes encompassed clinical pregnancy rate and Live Birth Rate (LBR), while secondary outcomes included biochemical pregnancy rate, multiple pregnancy rate, ectopic pregnancy rate, early and late miscarriage rates, preterm birth rate, neonatal birth weight, weeks at birth, and newborn sex. Patient distribution across cryopreservation duration groups was as follows: Group 1 (40,461 cycles), Group 2 (6337 cycles), and Group 3 (208 cycles). Postcontrolling for confounding factors, Group 1 exhibited a decreased likelihood of achieving biochemical pregnancy rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and LBR (OR < 1, aOR < 1, P < .05). Furthermore, an elevated incidence of ectopic pregnancy was observed (OR > 1, aOR > 1), notably significant after 6 years of freezing time [aOR = 4.141, 95% confidence intervals (1.013–16.921), P = .05]. Cryopreservation exceeding 1 year was associated with an increased risk of early miscarriage and preterm birth (OR > 1, aOR > 1). No statistically significant differences were observed in birth weight or sex between groups. However, male infant birth rates were consistently higher than those of female infants across all groups. In conclusion, favorable pregnancy outcomes align with embryo cryopreservation durations within 1 year, while freezing for more than 1 year may diminish clinical pregnancy and LBRs, concurrently elevating the risk of ectopic pregnancy and preterm birth.

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Impact of transfer time on pregnancy outcomes in frozen-embryo transfer cycles

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

The Effect of Embryo Transfer Process Duration on Implantation Success

The Effect of Embryo Transfer Process Duration on Implantation Success

Embryo Transfer in In-Vitro Fertilization: Factors Affecting Successful Outcome

Study on the optimal time limit of frozen embryo transfer and the effect of a long-term frozen embryo on pregnancy outcome

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