Impact of tropospheric ozone on the Euro-Mediterranean vegetation

Anav, Alessandro; Menut, Laurent; Khvorostyanov, Dmitry; Viovy, Nicolas

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02387.x

Cited by 62 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…In this sense, CHIMERE is not only a chemical model but a suite of numerous preprocessing programs able to prepare the simulation. The model is now used for pollution event analysis, scenario studies, operational forecast and more recently for impact studies of pollution on health and vegetation (Anav et al, 2011).…”

Section: Main Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CHIMERE 2013: a model for regional atmospheric composition modelling

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Tropospheric trace gas and aerosol pollutants have adverse effects on health, environment and climate. In order to quantify and mitigate such effects, a wide range of processes leading to the formation and transport of pollutants must be considered, understood and represented in numerical models. Regional scale pollution episodes result from the combination of several factors: high emissions (from anthropogenic or natural sources), stagnant meteorological conditions, kinetics and efficiency of the chemistry and the deposition. All these processes are highly variable in time and space, and their relative contribution to the pollutants budgets can be quantified with chemistry-transport models. The CHIMERE chemistry-transport model is dedicated to regional atmospheric pollution event studies. Since it has now reached a certain level a maturity, the new stable version, CHIMERE 2013, is described to provide a reference model paper. The successive developments of the model are reviewed on the basis of published investigations that are referenced in order to discuss the scientific choices and to provide an overview of the main results.

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Section: Main Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CHIMERE 2013: a model for regional atmospheric composition modelling

et al. 2013

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“…Anav et al (2011) simulated a 22 % reduction of GPP across Europe for 2002 using the ORCHIDEE model. Present-day O 3 exposure reduced GPP by 10 to 25 % in Europe and 10.8 % globally in the study by Lombardozzi et al (2015) using the Community Land Model (CLM).…”

Section: Comparison Of Modelled Estimates Of O 3 Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Large but decreasing effect of ozone on the European carbon sink

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The capacity of the terrestrial biosphere to sequester carbon and mitigate climate change is governed by the ability of vegetation to remove emissions of CO 2 through photosynthesis. Tropospheric O 3 , a globally abundant and potent greenhouse gas, is, however, known to damage plants, causing reductions in primary productivity. Despite emission control policies across Europe, background concentrations of tropospheric O 3 have risen significantly over the last decades due to hemispheric-scale increases in O 3 and its precursors. Therefore, plants are exposed to increasing background concentrations, at levels currently causing chronic damage. Studying the impact of O 3 on European vegetation at the regional scale is important for gaining greater understanding of the impact of O 3 on the land carbon sink at large spatial scales. In this work we take a regional approach and update the JULES land surface model using new measurements specifically for European vegetation. Given the importance of stomatal conductance in determining the flux of O 3 into plants, we implement an alternative stomatal closure parameterisation and account for diurnal variations in O 3 concentration in our simulations. We conduct our analysis specifically for the European region to quantify the impact of the interactive effects of tropospheric O 3 and CO 2 on gross primary productivity (GPP) and land carbon storage across Europe. A factorial set of model experiments showed that tropospheric O 3 can suppress terrestrial carbon uptake across Europe over the period 1901 to 2050. By 2050, simulated GPP was reduced by 4 to 9 % due to plant O 3 damage and land carbon storage was reduced by 3 to 7 %. The combined physiological effects of elevated future CO 2 (acting to reduce stomatal opening) and reductions in O 3 concentrations resulted in reduced O 3 damage in the future. This alleviation of O 3 damage by CO 2 -induced stomatal closure was around 1 to 2 % for both land carbon and GPP, depending on plant sensitivity to O 3 . Reduced land carbon storage resulted from diminished soil carbon stocks consistent with the reduction in GPP. Regional variations are identified with larger impacts shown for temperate Europe (GPP reduced by 10 to 20 %) compared to boreal regions (GPP reduced by 2 to 8 %). These results highlight that O 3 damage needs to be considered when predicting GPP and land carbon, and that the effects of O 3 on plant physiology need to be considered in regional land carbon cycle assessments.

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“…Therefore, remote areas such as the Arctic region can be affected (Langner et al, 2012). The current surface O 3 levels (35-50 ppb in the Northern Hemisphere, NH;) are high enough to damage both forests and crops by reducing growth rates and productivity (Wittig et al, 2009;Anav et al, 2011;Mills et al, 2011;Sicard et al, 2011;Ashworth et al, 2013;Proietti et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Projected global ground-level ozone impacts on vegetation under different emission and climate scenarios

Sicard¹,

Anav

Marco³

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

184

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Abstract. The impact of ground-level ozone (O 3 ) on vegetation is largely under-investigated at the global scale despite large areas worldwide that are exposed to high surface O 3 levels. To explore future potential impacts of O 3 on vegetation, we compared historical and projected surface O 3 concentrations simulated by six global atmospheric chemistry transport models on the basis of three representative concentration pathways emission scenarios (i.e. RCP2.6, 4.5, 8.5). To assess changes in the potential surface O 3 threat to vegetation at the global scale, we used the AOT40 metric. Results point out a significant exceedance of AOT40 in comparison with the recommendations of UNECE for the protection of vegetation. In fact, many areas of the Northern Hemisphere show that AOT40-based critical levels will be exceeded by a factor of at least 10 under RCP8.5. Changes in surface O 3 by 2100 worldwide range from about +4-5 ppb in the RCP8.5 scenario to reductions of about 2-10 ppb in the most optimistic scenario, RCP2.6. The risk of O 3 injury for vegetation, through the potential O 3 impact on photosynthetic assimilation, decreased by 61 and 47 % under RCP2.6 and RCP4.5, respectively, and increased by 70 % under RCP8.5.

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Impact of tropospheric ozone on the Euro-Mediterranean vegetation

Cited by 62 publications

References 79 publications

CHIMERE 2013: a model for regional atmospheric composition modelling

CHIMERE 2013: a model for regional atmospheric composition modelling

Large but decreasing effect of ozone on the European carbon sink

Projected global ground-level ozone impacts on vegetation under different emission and climate scenarios

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