Impact of two specialist insect herbivores on reproduction of horse nettle, Solanum carolinense

Wise, Michael J.; Sacchi, Christopher F.

doi:10.1007/bf00334658

Cited by 68 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…Previous research has shown that both E. fuscula and L. juncta can reduce the fitness of S. carolinense, so the plants might be expected to benefit from increased resistance to either herbivore (Wise & Sacchi, 1996). The results of the current study, however, suggest that the presence of L. juncta may constrain the evolution of resistance by the host plant to E. fuscula.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

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Prior flea beetle herbivory affects oviposition preference and larval performance of a potato beetle on their shared host plant

Wise

Weinberg

2002

Ecological Entomology

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Abstract. 1. The herbaceous plant Solanum carolinense (L.) (Solanaceae) is host to a number of specialist insects, including the leaf-feeding beetles Epitrix fuscula (Crotch) and Leptinotarsa juncta (Germar) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Potted individuals of S. carolinense were subjected to one of two treatments: exposure to herbivory by E. fuscula or exclusion of all herbivores. The effects of E. fuscula herbivory on larval performance and oviposition preference of L. juncta were investigated.2. Although the masses of the L. juncta pupae did not differ between the two treatments, larvae feeding on damaged plants developed more slowly than those feeding on undamaged plants.3. In both paired leaf choice trials and whole plant choice trials, larvae of L. juncta showed no preference for undamaged versus damaged hosts.4. In a field transplant experiment, adult L. juncta females showed slight feeding preferences and strong oviposition preferences for undamaged plants versus plants that had been fed on by E. fuscula.5. The results are discussed with reference to their implications for plantmediated competition among herbivores and constraints on the evolution of plant resistance.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…Horsenettle is host to a number of specialist insect herbivores, including the chrysomelid beetles Epitrix fuscula (the egg-plant flea beetle, referred to hereafter as flea beetles) and Leptinotarsa juncta (the false Colorado potato beetle, referred to as potato beetles) (Wise & Sacchi, 1996).…”

Section: Study Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prior flea beetle herbivory affects oviposition preference and larval performance of a potato beetle on their shared host plant

Wise

Weinberg

2002

Ecological Entomology

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“…An important implication of this and other studies (Strauss 1991;Pilsen 1996;Wise and Sacchi 1996) documenting nonadditive fitness effects of herbivory is that experiments investigating the effect of single species may not give an accurate picture of the overall selective impact of herbivory. For example, we would not have detected significant fitness effects of insect herbivores if we had not simultaneously manipulated caterpillars and seed flies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Despite evidence for ecological interactions among herbivores sharing host plants, little is known about the prevalence of additive versus nonadditive effects of herbivory on plant fitness in natural systems (but see Strauss 1991;Hougen-Eitzman and Rausher 1994;Wise and Sacchi 1996). It is important to stress that information on the fitness effects of multiple herbivores alone does not test whether herbivores impose pairwise or diffuse selection.…”

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confidence: 99%

PAIRWISE VERSUS DIFFUSE NATURAL SELECTION AND THE MULTIPLE HERBIVORES OF SCARLET GILIA, IPOMOPSIS AGGREGATA

Juenger

Bergelson

1998

Evolution

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Abstract.-Recent theoretical studies have argued that plant-herbivore coevolution proceeds in a diffuse rather than a pairwise manner in multispecies interactions when at least one of two conditions are met: (1) genetic correlations exist between plant resistances to different herbivore species; and (2) ecological interactions between herbivores sharing a host plant cause nonadditive impacts of herbivory on plant fitness. We present results from manipulative field experiments investigating the single and interactive fitness effects of three types of herbivory on scarlet gilia (Ipomopsis aggregata) over two years of study. We utilize these data to test whether selection imposed by herbivore attack on date of first flowering is pairwise (independent) or diffuse (dependent) in nature. Our results reveal complex patterns of the fitness effect of herbivores. Simulated early season browsing had a strong negative fitness effect on plants and also reduced subsequent insect attack. Surprisingly, this ecological interaction did not translate into significant interactions between clipping and insect manipulations on plant fitness. However, we detected a significant interaction between seed fly and caterpillar herbivory on plant fitness, with the negative effect of either insect being greatest when occurring alone. These results suggest that herbivore-imposed selection may have pairwise and diffuse components. In our selection analysis of flowering phenology, we discovered significant pairwise linear selection imposed by clipping, diffuse linear selection imposed by insects, and diffuse nonlinear selection imposed by clipping and insect attack acting simultaneously. Our results reveal that the evolution of flowering phenology in scarlet gilia may be in response to diffuse and pairwise natural selection imposed by multiple herbivores. We discuss the evolution of resistance characters in light of diffuse versus pairwise forms of linear and nonlinear selection and stress the complexity of selection imposed by suites of interacting species.Key words.-Diffuse coevolution, Heliothis phloxiphagus, Hylemya, lpomopsis aggregata, multispecies coevolution, pairwise coevolution, plant-herbivore interaction, scarlet gilia.Received November 10, 1997. Accepted June 25, 1998.A central question in plant evolutionary ecology is how plants and animals coevolve. Despite a wide theoretical interest in coevolution (reviewed in Thompson 1994), we have little empirical information on how interacting species impose selection or the dynamics of reciprocal evolutionary responses. This is particularly true of multispecies systems. Plants rarely interact with single herbivore species in isolated two-species interactions, but rather must cope with the collective damage from a suite of diverse herbivores. (Strong et al. 1984;Karban 1989;Maddox andRoot 1987, 1990;Marquis 1990 Marquis , 1992. These herbivores are often taxonomically disparate, attack plants at different life stages, damage different plant tissues, vary in their impacts on plant fitness, a...

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“…In the region of origin, F. nundinella and Leptinotarsa juncta were monophagous feeders of S. carolinense (Table 2) and Epitrix fuscula fed almost exclusively on S. carolinense (Wise and Sacchi, 1996) (monophages). Further, most other herbivores listed in Table 2 were oligophagous species feeding only on plants of the solanaceous family (oligophages).…”

Section: Arthropod Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbivorous arthropod community of an alien weed Solanum carolinense L.

Imura

2003

Appl. Entomol. Zool.

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Herbivorous arthropod fauna of the horse nettle Solanum carolinense L., an alien solanaceous herb of North American origin, was characterized by surveying arthropod communities in the fields and comparing them with the original community compiled from published data to infer the impact of herbivores on the weed in the introduced region. Field surveys were carried out in the central part of mainland Japan for five years including an intensive regular survey in 1992. Thirty-nine arthropod species were found feeding on the weed. The leaf, stem, flower and fruit of the weed were infested by the herbivores. The comparison of characteristics of the arthropod community with those of the community in the USA indicated that more sapsuckers and less chewers were on the weed in Japan than in the USA. The community in Japan was composed of high proportions of polyphages and exophages compared to that in the USA. Eighty-seven percent of the species are known to be pests of agricultural crops. Low species diversity of the community was also suggested. The depauperated herbivore community, in terms of feeding habit and niche on S. carolinense, suggested that the weed partly escaped from herbivory in its reproductive parts. The regular population census, however, indicated that a dominant coccinellid beetle, Epilachna vigintioctopunctata, caused a noticeable damage on the leaves of the weed.

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Impact of two specialist insect herbivores on reproduction of horse nettle, Solanum carolinense

Cited by 68 publications

References 51 publications

Prior flea beetle herbivory affects oviposition preference and larval performance of a potato beetle on their shared host plant

Prior flea beetle herbivory affects oviposition preference and larval performance of a potato beetle on their shared host plant

PAIRWISE VERSUS DIFFUSE NATURAL SELECTION AND THE MULTIPLE HERBIVORES OF SCARLET GILIA, IPOMOPSIS AGGREGATA

Herbivorous arthropod community of an alien weed Solanum carolinense L.

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