Impact of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes on severity and mortality for SARS-CoV-2 infection

Vargas‐Vázquez, Arsenio; Bello‐Chavolla, Omar Yaxmehen; Ortíz-Brizuela, Edgar; Campos-Muñoz, Alejandro; Mehta, Roopa; Villanueva-Reza, Marco; Bahena-López, Jessica Paola; Antonio-Villa, Neftalí Eduardo; González-Lara, María Fernanda; León, Alfredo Ponce de; Sifuentes–Osornio, José; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.

doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-002026

Cited by 54 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…A longer observation period of 30 days yielded comparable results and conclusions since the mortality was significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes than in the group without (13.6% vs 8.7%; p < 0.001) as reported by Sonmez et al [11]. Moreover, pre-diabetes and undiagnosed type 2 diabetes were also found to be risk factors for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection [8].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…A onemonth-long study (February 26, 2020, to March 26, 2020) conducted by Akbariqomi et al [7] in a hospital in Iran found that 1 in 4 COVID-19 patients had diabetes (148 of 595; 24.9%). In a study by Vargas-Vázquez et al [8] based in a Mexican COVID-19 centre during the March-July period of 2020, 50.2% of patients had type 2 diabetes (159 out of 317), with more than one-third of them being previously undiagnosed. However, such a high rate may have been a result of strict patient inclusion criteria as 600 patients were excluded due to e.g., lack of HbA1c measurement on admission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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COVID-19 and diabetes: a deadly duo?

Grzelakowska

Kasprzak

Kryś

2021

Medical Research Journal

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Introduction: Among the patients with severe or fatal COVID-19 a high prevalence of comorbidities is noted, diabetes being one of them. The objective of the study was to analyse the relation of and diabetes in respect of their influence on hospitalization's length and outcome. Materials and methods:The data acquired from the database of Antoni Jurasz University Hospital No. 1 in Bydgoszcz were analysed. The analysis included 1,051 adult COVID-19 positive patients that were hospitalized between March 14, 2020, and April 12, 2021. The collected data included a history of diabetes with differentiation between type 1 and type 2, hospitalization outcome (discharge or death), length of hospital stay.Results: The prevalence of diabetes in the study group was determined to be 2.09% and 10.18% for diabetes type 1 and 2, respectively, totalling 12.27% (n = 129). Most of the patients (87.54%) have been discharged while 12.46% have died. The diabetic patients accounted for 11.63% of the discharges and 16.79% of deaths. The mortality rates in the group of insulin-dependent diabetes were the highest, namely 27.27% vs. 12.15% in the reaming study population (p = 0.0720). Hospitalization's length did not differ according to diabetes occurrence as on average it amounted to 15.90 days in diabetic patients and 14.44 days in non-diabetic ones.Conclusions: COVID-19 and type 1 diabetes may constitute a deadly duo. Further studies that include patients with insulin-dependent diabetes are needed to better understand the impact of diabetes and COVID-19 on mortality and hospitalization's length.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

COVID-19 and diabetes: a deadly duo?

Grzelakowska

Kasprzak

Kryś

2021

Medical Research Journal

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“…As reported in the literature, an interaction between COVID-19 and glucose-insulin metabolic disorders is postulated in adults [1,29] and not excluded in pediatrics [30,31]. In particular, the relationship between COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been extensively described in adults [1,2,30] and a relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has also been discussed in children [30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. This is possibly the first up-to-date study on the relationship between IR and glycemic fluctuation in normal weight children without glycemic disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Glucose-Insulin Metabolism in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Related to SARS-CoV-2 in Children

et al. 2021

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An interaction between metabolic glucose impairment and coronavirus disease 2019 is reported. The development of a severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) related to SARS-CoV-2 infection has been described. We evaluated the impact of MIS-C on glycemic patterns in pediatric patients. A group of 30 children and adolescents affected by MIS-C were considered; all patients were normal weight. Clinical and biochemical assessments, including surrogate markers of insulin resistance (IR) such as homeostasis model analysis-IR (HOMA-IR) and triglyceride–glucose (TyG) indexes, were recorded. Patients were also invited to undergo an intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM). HOMA-IR index was calculated in 18 patients (60%), of which 17 (94%) revealed a pathological value. TyG index was computed for all patients and pathological values were detected in all cases. In 15 patients, isCGM data were recorded on average for 9 days (±3 days). Overall, average glucose was 105 mg/dL (±16 mg/dL) and average time spent in the 70–180 mg/dL range (TIR) was 93.76%, with nearly 10% of glucose readings in the 141–180 mg/dL range; glycemic fluctuations over the hyperglycemic threshold were detected in four patients. Regular glucose monitoring may be useful to prevent metabolic imbalance and obtain a better outcome.

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“…In a multi-centre study in Austria, of 47 patients with prediabetes (HbA1c 5.7–6.4% on admission), 7 (14.9%) had in-hospital death [ 16 ]. In a study from Mexico, of 125 patients with prediabetes (HbA1c 5-0.7-6.4% on admission), 27 (21.6%) died during hospitalization [ 17 ]. In a study from Dubai, 2 out of 10 (20%) patients with prediabetes (prior diagnosis or HbA1c 5.7–6.4% on admission) had in-hospital death [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with prediabetes

Chandrasekaran

Rao

Sathish

2021

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Revi

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Background and aims We aimed to examine the clinical characteristics and outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with prediabetes. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of 102 COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in India between May and October 2020. Results Most patients had a poor clinical profile on admission. They had high rates of invasive mechanical ventilation (48%), intensive care unit admission (48%), complications (72.6%), and mortality (32.4%). Conclusion People with prediabetes are at high risk for poor outcomes from COVID-19.

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Impact of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes on severity and mortality for SARS-CoV-2 infection

Cited by 54 publications

References 38 publications

COVID-19 and diabetes: a deadly duo?

COVID-19 and diabetes: a deadly duo?

Impaired Glucose-Insulin Metabolism in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Related to SARS-CoV-2 in Children

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with prediabetes

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