Impact of Urban Effects on Precipitation in High Latitudes

Mölders, Nicole; Olson, Mark A.

doi:10.1175/1525-7541(2004)005<0409:ioueop>2.0.co;2

Cited by 87 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…On a local scale, for sub-hourly and up to 6-hourly extreme precipitation, increases at or above the C-C rate have been found in the Netherlands (Lenderink and van Meijgaard, 2008;Lenderink et al, 2017), Switzerland (Ban et al, 2014), Germany (Berg et al, 2013), the UK (Blenkinsop et al, 2015), the Mediterranean (Drobinski et al, 2016), most of Australia Sharma, 2015, 2017;Schroeer and Kirchengast, 2017), North America (Shaw et al, 2011), and China (Miao et al, 2016), while in India (Ali and Mishra, 2017) and northern Australia (Hardwick Jones et al, 2010) negative rates have been reported. The extent of urbanization also contributes to extreme regional precipitation through the urban heat island effect and aerosol concentration (Dixon and Mote, 2003;Mölders and Olson, 2004;Guo et al, 2006;Mohsen and Gough, 2012;Wang et al, 2015). One of the first attempts to derive nonstationary IDF through the Bayesian inference (BI) approach for extreme value analysis was by Cheng and AghaKouchak (2014), where the authors introduced a linear trend in the parameters of the selected distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does nonstationarity in rainfall require nonstationary intensity–duration–frequency curves?

Ganguli

Coulibaly

2017

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. In Canada, risk of flooding due to heavy rainfall has risen in recent decades; the most notable recent examples include the July 2013 storm in the Greater Toronto region and the May 2017 flood of the Toronto Islands. We investigate nonstationarity and trends in the short-duration precipitation extremes in selected urbanized locations in Southern Ontario, Canada, and evaluate the potential of nonstationary intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves, which form an input to civil infrastructural design. Despite apparent signals of nonstationarity in precipitation extremes in all locations, the stationary vs. nonstationary models do not exhibit any significant differences in the design storm intensity, especially for short recurrence intervals (up to 10 years). The signatures of nonstationarity in rainfall extremes do not necessarily imply the use of nonstationary IDFs for design considerations. When comparing the proposed IDFs with current design standards, for return periods (10 years or less) typical for urban drainage design, current design standards require an update of up to 7 %, whereas for longer recurrence intervals (50-100 years), ideal for critical civil infrastructural design, updates ranging between ∼ 2 and 44 % are suggested. We further emphasize that the above findings need re-evaluation in the light of climate change projections since the intensity and frequency of extreme precipitation are expected to intensify due to global warming.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does nonstationarity in rainfall require nonstationary intensity–duration–frequency curves?

Ganguli

Coulibaly

2017

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Urbanization is an example of anthropogenic forcing. Recent studies (Inoue and Kimura 2004;Burian and Shepherd 2004;Molders and Olson 2004;Dixon and Mote 2003;Shepherd and Burian;Bornstein and Lin 2000) continue to provide evidence that urban environments can modify or induce precipitation under a specific set of conditions. Results of these recent studies are consistent with previous historical work in this research area (Changnon et al 1981;Huff 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of urban-induced precipitation variability in arid climate regimes

Shepherd

2006

Journal of Arid Environments

153

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The study employs a 1 OF(-year precipitation historical data record, global climate observing network observations and satellite data to identify possible anomalies in rainfall in and around two major arid urban areas, Phoenix, Arizona and Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The analysis reveals that during the monsoon season, locations in northeastern suburbs and exurbs of the Phoenix metropolitan area have experienced statistically significant increases in mean precipitation of 12 to 14 percent from a pre-urban to post-urban ( 1950-2003) period. Further analysis of satellite-based rainfall rates suggests the existence of the anomaly region over a seven-year period. The anomaly cannot simply be attributed to maximum topographic relief and is hypothesized to be related to urban-topographic interactions and possibly irrigation moisture. Temperature records suggest that Riyadh has experienced an adjustment in mean temperature in response to the growth of urban surfaces (e.g., the so-called urban heat island effect).While ground-based precipitation records also indicate an upward trend in mean and total precipitation in and around Riyadh in the last 10-15 years, it is difficult to attribute the increase to urbanization because other less urbanized stations in Saudi Arabia also show a similar increase. Recent satellite-based precipitation estimates indicate an anomaly region 50-100 km north of Riyadh, but this study is not robust enough to conclusively link it to urbanization although certain climate-regime attributes suggests that it might be.

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“…Stulov(1993) (Baik et al, 2001;Shepherd, 2005;Heever and Cotton, 2007). Khain et al (2005) (Bornstein and Lin, 2000;Orville et al, 2001;Dixon and Mote, 2003;Shepherd and Burian, 2003;Inoue and Kimura, 2004;Molders and Olson, 2004;Burian and Shepherd, 2005;Shepherd, 2005;김광섭, 임태경, 2005). 또한 바다나 고도와 같은 지리 및 지형조건이 강수량에 미치는 연구도 수행된 바 있다 (Watanabe and Ogura, 1987;Weisse and Bois, 2000;Mosaedi et al, 2007;홍기옥 등, 2006;천재호, 이승호, 2007).…”

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Spatial Distribution of Precipitation Trends According to Geographical and Topographical Conditions

Rim¹

2009

Journal of Korea Water Resources Association

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Impact of Urban Effects on Precipitation in High Latitudes

Cited by 87 publications

References 38 publications

Does nonstationarity in rainfall require nonstationary intensity–duration–frequency curves?

Does nonstationarity in rainfall require nonstationary intensity–duration–frequency curves?

Evidence of urban-induced precipitation variability in arid climate regimes

Spatial Distribution of Precipitation Trends According to Geographical and Topographical Conditions

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