Impact of urbanization on tuberculosis and leprosy prevalence in medieval Denmark

Kelmelis, Kirsten Saige; Pedersen, Dorthe Dangvard

doi:10.1127/anthranz/2019/0962

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Going beyond simple counts of fractured or diseased bones in mortality samples is the objective of quantitatively rigorous paleoepidemiology that combines indicators of risk, notably skeletal or dental lesions but also including sex and stature, with age at death information (Boldsen, 1997(Boldsen, , 2001(Boldsen, , 2005bBoldsen, Milner, & Weise, 2015;DeWitte, 2018;DeWitte & Hughes-Morey, 2012;DeWitte & Wood, 2008;Gamble et al, 2017;Godde et al, 2020;Godde & Hens, 2021;Kelmelis et al, 2017;Kelmelis & Dangvard Pedersen, 2019;Milner & Boldsen, 2017;Usher, 2000).…”

Section: Disease Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

Paleodemography: From archaeology and skeletal age estimation to life in the past

Boldsen

Milner

Ousley

2021

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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Much of paleodemography, an interdisciplinary field with strong ties to archaeology, among other disciplines, is oriented toward clarifying the life experiences of past people and why they changed over time. We focus on how human skeletons contribute to our understanding of preindustrial demographic regimes, including when changes took place that led to the world as we know it today. Problems with existing paleodemographic practices are highlighted, as are promising directions for future work. The latter requires both better age estimates and innovative methods to handle data appropriately. Age‐at‐death estimates for adult skeletons are a particular problem, especially for adults over 50 years that undoubtedly are mistakenly underrepresented in published studies of archaeological skeletons. Better age estimates for the entirety of the lifespan are essential to generate realistic distributions of age at death. There are currently encouraging signs that after about a half‐century of intensive, and sometimes contentious, research, paleodemography is poised to contribute much to understandings of evolutionary processes, the structure of past populations, and human‐disease interaction, among other topics.

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Section: Disease Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

Paleodemography: From archaeology and skeletal age estimation to life in the past

Boldsen

Milner

Ousley

2021

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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“…The impact of urbanization on TB has been investigated in several studies. Population density increases the chances of being exposed to air pollution, more environmental pollutants and pathogens (29)(30)(31). Abundant immigration increases vulnerable populations on the outskirts of cities, which have low level of health and social services coverage and as a floating population should be given greater attention in infectious diseases such as TB (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of biologic, behavioral and psychosocial determinant of tuberculosis in tuberculosis patients of Semnan city; a five-year cross-sectional study

et al. 2020

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Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most common and lethal infectious diseases. Objectives: Due to the impact of biological, behavioral, socio-economic factors on the incidence of TB and the risks of the disease, we aimed to investigate the factors affecting TB in TB patients in Semnan. Patients and Methods: All patients with confirmed TB, who were referred to primary healthcare centers in Semnan for receiving medication, enrolled in the study (2012 to 2016). Data collected from clinical records and in-person interviews. The questionnaire consisted of two parts; the first part was demographic data and the other was related to the risk factors for TB. Results: The household crowding index was 1.86 ± 0.88. Most of patients (48.1%) were elderly (≥60 years old), female (59.7%), housewife (48.1%), had a pre-diploma education (63.6%), low-monthly income (62.3%) and married (63.6%). Around13.0% had diabetes. 20.8% drug abuser, 16.9% cigarettes and tobacco smokers, and 1.3% consumed alcoholic beverages. Besides, 40.3% were Afghans and 1.3% had the Pakistani nation. Conclusion: Identifying and controlling the social, geographical and biological factors affecting the incidence and mortality of TB in different regions can help to formulate appropriate strategies for achieving global goals. These factors differ among native and non-native population.

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“…Several diseases studied by biological anthropologists and colleagues arguably fit the broad epidemiological and/or narrow political definitions of a pandemic. These include, but are not limited to, cholera (Sawchuk, 2001 ; Sawchuk, Tripp, & Samakaroon, 2020 ), TB and leprosy (Kelmelis & Dangvard Pedersen, 2019 ; Kelmelis, Price, & Wood, 2017 ; Stone et al, 2009 ), smallpox (Duggan et al, 2016 ), scarlet fever (Roberts & Battles, 2020 ; Swedlund & Donta, 2003 ), and polio (Battles, 2017 ). However, in such research, anthropologists have rarely conceptualized or theorized these diseases as pandemics rather than as smaller outbreaks/epidemics or as case studies with no or only minor discussion of the broader contexts of surrounding pandemics, if applicable given the period of study.…”

Section: Anthropological Approaches To Infectious Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemics, past and present: The role of biological anthropology in interdisciplinary pandemic studies

Dimka¹,

Doren

Battles

2022

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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Biological anthropologists are ideally suited for the study of pandemics given their strengths in human biology, health, culture, and behavior, yet pandemics have historically not been a major focus of research. The COVID‐19 pandemic has reinforced the need to understand pandemic causes and unequal consequences at multiple levels. Insights from past pandemics can strengthen the knowledge base and inform the study of current and future pandemics through an anthropological lens. In this paper, we discuss the distinctive social and epidemiological features of pandemics, as well as the ways in which biological anthropologists have previously studied infectious diseases, epidemics, and pandemics. We then review interdisciplinary research on three pandemics–1918 influenza, 2009 influenza, and COVID‐19–focusing on persistent social inequalities in morbidity and mortality related to sex and gender; race, ethnicity, and Indigeneity; and pre‐existing health and disability. Following this review of the current state of pandemic research on these topics, we conclude with a discussion of ways biological anthropologists can contribute to this field moving forward. Biological anthropologists can add rich historical and cross‐cultural depth to the study of pandemics, provide insights into the biosocial complexities of pandemics using the theory of syndemics, investigate the social and health impacts of stress and stigma, and address important methodological and ethical issues. As COVID‐19 is unlikely to be the last global pandemic, stronger involvement of biological anthropology in pandemic studies and public health policy and research is vital.

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Impact of urbanization on tuberculosis and leprosy prevalence in medieval Denmark

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Paleodemography: From archaeology and skeletal age estimation to life in the past

Paleodemography: From archaeology and skeletal age estimation to life in the past

Prevalence of biologic, behavioral and psychosocial determinant of tuberculosis in tuberculosis patients of Semnan city; a five-year cross-sectional study

Pandemics, past and present: The role of biological anthropology in interdisciplinary pandemic studies

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