Impact of Urbanization on Urban Heat Island Intensity in Major Districts of Bangladesh Using Remote Sensing and Geo-Spatial Tools

Rahman, Md. Naimur; Rony, Md. Rakib Hasan; Jannat, Farhana Akter; Pal, Subodh Chandra; Islam, Md. Saiful; Alam, Edris; Islam, Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul

doi:10.3390/cli10010003

Cited by 56 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Urban expansion and the rapid densification of cities accentuate the effect of UHIs, as demonstrated by Rahman et al [17]. In their study, a remote sensing and geospatial tool analysis was carried out in the major districts of Bangladesh, where it was evident that land-use changes by urbanization increased LST in the winter seasons from 3 to 8 • C and a cool pavement-based mitigation proposal (such as the one used in this analysis that decreased the LST by 8 • C) could be used to mitigate the effects of UHI due to urbanization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…It is estimated that by 2030, approximately 61% of the global population will be living in high-density urban areas [16]. The urbanization process is closely associated with landuse and land-cover changes [17]; as a consequence of this fact, cities' temperatures are expected to gradually increase in accordance with the UHI effect. In theory, average UHI intensity varies from 2 to 4 • C, and the maximum intensity ranges from 7 to 14 • C [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urban Heat Island Mitigation through Planned Simulation

et al. 2022

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The urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon is caused by the anthropic alteration of the natural environment by urban expansion, its impermeable surfaces, and anthropic activities. In addition, urban morphology can also contribute to the increase in temperature in cities. The UHI effect can be described as an urban climate that is generally characterized by higher temperatures in densely built-up areas compared to surrounding areas. This effect impacts the environmental stress of the city and directly affects the health and quality of life of its inhabitants. Therefore, it is necessary to allocate resources to understand the UHI mechanism in cities in order to propose appropriate mitigation measures that will reduce energy consumption and improve living conditions. In this context, this research was aimed at analyzing the behavior of urban heat islands by replacing asphalt with cool paving materials (concrete) in roadways. Through computer simulations, using the ENVI-met software, the thermal variations of urban heat islands were examined. The city of Cuenca (Ecuador) was selected as the study area. The day of the analysis was 22 January 2020, which was recorded as the warmest day of the year, registering an average temperature of 16 °C. The findings of this research evidenced that, by replacing asphalt pavements with concrete pavements in the analyzed zones, land surface temperature (LST) could be reduced by 8 °C and the global LST of the studied areas could be reduced by approximately 3 °C. Consequently, the mean air temperature of the study areas reflected a decrease of up to 0.83 °C.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Heat Island Mitigation through Planned Simulation

et al. 2022

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“…The study found that these changes in river morphology led to a degradation of river health and had substantial impacts on flood control. Prior studies have shown that the waterbodies in the urban and rural areas of Bangladesh have been going through a rapid land-use transformation in the last few decades [52][53][54]. According to Mahmood et al [6], encroachment and landfills lead to the narrowing of rivers in Bangladesh, and in recent years, this encroachment rate has increased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Canal Encroachment on Flood and Economic Vulnerability in Northern Bangladesh

et al. 2022

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River and canal encroachments have become a common problem in Bangladesh. The prevalence of river and canal encroachments has a direct impact on population growth. However, the impacted population appears to be unaware of its negative consequences. To this end, we aimed to investigate the past and present canal scenarios with a focus on canal encroachment as the influencing factor in Ulipur upazila (highly vulnerable) of northern Bangladesh. To examine the impact of this encroachment, the Flood Vulnerability Index (FVI), Adaptive Capacity Index (ACI) and Economic Vulnerability Index (EVI) were used. Our results showed signs of narrowing of the canal structure of Ulipur upazila in 1982 and 1992, while satellite images from 2002 and 2012 showed the presence of encroachment in the middle and lower parts of the canal. The FVI value for Hatia union was 0.703, indicating that this area was highly vulnerable to flooding. According to the ACI, the Pandul union has a high capacity to cope with flood impact, while the Hatia union has less capacity to cope with flood impact. Conversely, Hatia’s union EVI value was 72.8, denoting a high economic vulnerability. Canal encroachments will have negative consequences for these impacted unions. It is critical to reduce the flooding and economic vulnerabilities associated with canal encroachments. It is found that canal excavation is very important for controlling flood water and reducing the damage caused by flooding.

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“…Furthermore, Uddin et al (2020) extensively analyzed the Karnaphuli River's water quality and found poor water quality in 11 locations sampled over three seasons. In addition, Rahman, Rony, et al (2022) revealed the direct and indirect consequences of increasing urban temperatures on the population in major districts of Bangladesh, emphasizing the need for a strong framework to guide urban development and limit expansion into ecologically sensitive areas of the city (Bajracharya & Sultana, 2022).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failing to attain sustainable development in Bangladesh: A potential comprehensive strategy for sustainability

Kaiser

2023

Sustainable Development

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The study analyzes the underlying reasons and ensuing consequences of Chattogram city's development in Bangladesh, which diverges from the principles of sustainable development. This research employs mixed-method approaches incorporating primary data to achieve its objectives. The primary data is based on a survey, interview, the author's experience, and participatory observation in Chattogram city. Furthermore, it critically examines the existing literature to develop a theoretical understanding of Chattogram city's sustainable development and its sustainable environmental nexus.The results indicate that the expansion of Chattogram city's urbanization and industrialization is proceeding at a rapid pace; however, it is occurring in an uncoordinated and unsustainable manner that neglects environmental protection. Consequently, the city's development falls short of aligning with environmental sustainability and is liable to induce negative ramifications on the environment, human health, biodiversity, and climate. The study pinpoints several factors contributing to environmental degradation, including environmental mismanagement, non-existence of a master plan, environmental illiteracy, absence of carbon emission objectives, and haphazard industrialization and urbanization. Importantly, the issue has been exacerbated due to the inadequate focus on sustainability in the developmental process. Therefore, the findings of this research indicate that a sustainable development perspective is required to comprehend and address the issue of environmental degradation in Chattogram city. In addition, the comprehensive sustainable development strategy and policy recommendations proposed in this study are likely to be efficacious in curbing environmental degradation in Chattogram and other developing cities.

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Impact of Urbanization on Urban Heat Island Intensity in Major Districts of Bangladesh Using Remote Sensing and Geo-Spatial Tools

Cited by 56 publications

References 80 publications

Urban Heat Island Mitigation through Planned Simulation

Urban Heat Island Mitigation through Planned Simulation

Impact of Canal Encroachment on Flood and Economic Vulnerability in Northern Bangladesh

Failing to attain sustainable development in Bangladesh: A potential comprehensive strategy for sustainability

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