Impact of variable air-sea O&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; and CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; fluxes on atmospheric potential oxygen (APO) and land-ocean carbon sink partitioning

Nevison, C. D.; Mahowald, N. M.; Doney, Scott C.; Lima, Ivan D.; Cassar, Nicolas

doi:10.5194/bg-5-875-2008

Cited by 24 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…This can be done by simulating dAPO cycles using air-sea gas fluxes calculated from an ocean model, using an ATM to transport the fluxes in the atmosphere, and comparing the predicted seasonal cycles in dAPO to observations (Balkanski et al, 1999;Naegler et al, 2007;Nevison et al, 2008;Stephens et al, 1998). Such tests have shown that certain combinations of ocean and atmospheric models can generate dAPO cycles in relatively good agreement with observations.…”

Section: Seasonal Cycles In Apomentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of Recent Changes in Atmospheric O2 Content

Keeling

Manning²

2014

Treatise on Geochemistry

124

186

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Section: Seasonal Cycles In Apomentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of Recent Changes in Atmospheric O2 Content

Keeling

Manning²

2014

Treatise on Geochemistry

124

186

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“…The model-simulated APO values were derived in accordance with Nevison et al (2008) (2), while X N 2 is the mole fraction of N 2 in the atmosphere and α F is the global average -O 2 :CO 2 exchange ratio for fossil fuel combustion. In this study, we adopted X O 2 = 0.2094, X N 2 = 0.7809 (Tohjima et al, 2005, α F = 1.4 (Keeling and Manning, 2014), and α B have the same meaning as Equation (2).…”

Section: Atmospheric Transport Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and short-term variations in atmospheric potential oxygen at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard

Goto

Morimoto

Aoki

et al. 2017

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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Oxygen in the atmosphere undergoes variations and changes in response to biospheric activities, ocean-atmosphere exchange and fossil fuel combustion. Continuous in situ measurements of atmospheric δ(O 2 /N 2 ) and CO 2 mole fraction were started at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (78.93°N, 11.83°E, 40 m a.s.l.) in November 2012. Atmospheric potential oxygen (APO) calculated from the measured O 2 and CO 2 values during November 2012-January 2015 show a clear seasonal cycle with a peak-to-peak amplitude of approximately 50 per meg. The seasonal cycle of APO simulated using an atmospheric transport model, with prescribed oceanic O 2 , N 2 and CO 2 fluxes at monthly time intervals, is in excellent agreement with the observed APO. However, in spring and early summer, high values of APO are observed irregularly on a timescale of hours to days. By comparing backward trajectories of air parcels released from the site with distributions of marine net primary production (NPP), and tagged tracer experiments made using the atmospheric transport model for APO, it is found that these high APO fluctuations are primarily attributable to O 2 emissions from the Greenland Sea, the Norwegian Sea and the Barents Sea, due to marine biological productivity. Marine net community production, estimated based on the sea-to-air O 2 flux derived from observed APO fluctuations, agrees with NPP obtained from satellite observations within an order of magnitude. The results obtained in this study have still some uncertainties, but our continuous observations of atmospheric δ(O 2 /N 2 ) and CO 2 mole fraction at Ny-Ålesund can play an important role in detecting possible changes in the carbon cycle in the near future.

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“…In every study in which APO is simulated by atmospheric transport models driven by estimated oceanic O 2 and CO 2 fluxes, results have shown an equatorial bulge in the annual mean APO (Stephens et al, 1998;Gruber et al, 2001;Naegler et al, 2007;Nevison et al, 2008). Such latitudinal gradient is generally caused by outgassing fluxes of O 2 and CO 2 in the tropical regions and ingassing fluxes in the mid and high latitude regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ENSO-related variability in latitudinal distribution of annual mean atmospheric potential oxygen (APO) in the equatorial Western Pacific

Tohjima¹,

Terao²,

Mukai³

et al. 2015

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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A B S T R A C TWe examined temporal variations in the latitudinal distribution of annual mean atmospheric potential oxygen (APO 0O 2 '1.1 )CO 2 ), a useful tracer for studying ocean biogeochemical processes. To compute APO, we used atmospheric CO 2 and O 2 concentrations from flask samples and in-situ measurements onboard commercial cargo ships sailing between Japan and Australia/New Zealand. Most of the observed latitudinal distributions of the annual mean APO for the years 2002Á2012 showed equatorial bulges, indicating tropical APO outgassing fluxes. However, the equatorial bulge was noticeably absent during the 2009/2010 El Nin˜o period, especially in the Southern Hemisphere. The temporal variation in the 25Á08S latitudinal APO gradient correlated significantly with the El Nin˜o/Southern Oscillation (ENSO); the equatorward APO gradients decreased (increased) during the El Nin˜o (La Nin˜a) period with a variability of about 90.1 per meg/degree. Simulated APO based on an atmospheric transport model driven by climatological/constant flux fields and reanalysis meteorological data reproduced the overall characteristic of the observed temporal variation in the APO gradients well, suggesting that the atmospheric transport contributed substantially to the observed interannual variation in the global APO distributions. However, the model simulation underestimated the variability in the APO gradients by about 25%, compared to the observations. These discrepancies suggest a possibility of the existence of additional APO flux variability in the tropical Pacific, enhancing the ENSO-related variability in the observed APO gradients.

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Impact of variable air-sea O<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes on atmospheric potential oxygen (APO) and land-ocean carbon sink partitioning

Cited by 24 publications

References 50 publications

Studies of Recent Changes in Atmospheric O2 Content

Studies of Recent Changes in Atmospheric O2 Content

Seasonal and short-term variations in atmospheric potential oxygen at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard

ENSO-related variability in latitudinal distribution of annual mean atmospheric potential oxygen (APO) in the equatorial Western Pacific

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