Impact of ventilation and filtration strategies on energy consumption and exposures in retail stores

Zaatari, Marwa; Novoselac, Atila; Siegel, Jeffrey A.

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2016.01.026

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The retail stores' energy consumption focus on various areas including indoor and outdoor lightings, heating, air-conditioning, building maintenance, planning/ operations, refrigeration and lobbying (Mills, 1984). The indoor air quality (IAQ) is one of the important components in energy management for retail stores due to the building regulation and customers' satisfaction (Zaatari et al, 2016). Meanwhile, the energy plan and activities in the retail stores need to consider the retail store image, cost, competition, regulations, internal concerns, and customer satisfaction.…”

Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A survey of demand response adoption in retail stores DR control preferences, stakeholder engagement, and cross-national differences

Kuusinen

Kjærgaard

2019

Energy Inform

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Retail stores can participate in demand response programs with the possibility of load shifting and building automation systems. Demand response activities in retail stores are influenced by various factors, such as business operations, company goals and policies, etc. Meanwhile, the demand response participation can potentially disrupt occupants' (e.g. customers and employees) lifestyles, thermal comfort and health as well as potentially increase cost or energy consumption. Therefore, stakeholders' acceptance and behaviors are crucial to the retail stores' success of demand participation. Therefore, this paper conducted a questionnaire with retail stores to investigate retail stores' preferences of demand response programs and stakeholders' engagement. The questionnaire is designed and collected with energy/ store managers (who are responsible for energy in stores) in Denmark (N = 51) and the Philippines (N = 36). The result shows that: 1) retail stores are more willing to participate in the implicit demand response by manual energy control compared to the utility control or building automation. Meanwhile, retail stores have significant concerns about business activities and indoor lighting compared to other aspects; 2) the statistically significant influential factors for retail stores to participate in the demand response are related to whether demand response participation matches company goals, influences business operation, and whether retail stores are lack of related knowledge; 3) retail stores believe that employees and customers should be informed about the demand response activities but not involved in; 4) there are significant differences regarding energy control preferences and concerns between retail stores in Denmark and the Philippines, but no significant difference regarding employees' and customers' engagement.

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Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ventilation provides comfort to building occupants (e.g. staffs and customers) and increase stores' productivity (Zaatari et al, 2016). Ventilation rates are mandated by regulations and standards, such as indoor air quality, health requirements, and climate.…”

Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of demand response adoption in retail stores DR control preferences, stakeholder engagement, and cross-national differences

Kuusinen

Kjærgaard

2019

Energy Inform

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“…The retail stores' energy consumption focus on various areas including indoor and outdoor lightings, heating, air-conditioning, building maintenance, planning/ operations, refrigeration and lobbying [25]. The indoor air quality (IAQ) is one of the important components in the energy management for the retail stores due to the building regulation and customers' satisfaction [26]. Meanwhile, the energy plan and activities in the retail stores need to consider the retail store image, cost, competition, regulations, internal concerns, and customer satisfaction.…”

Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ventilation provides comfort to building occupants (e.g. staffs and customers) and increase stores' productivity [26]. Ventilation rates are mandated by regulations and standards, such as indoor air quality, health requirements, and climate.…”

Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demand Response Readiness in Retail Stores: DR Control Preferences, Stakeholder Engagement, and Cross-National Differences

Ma¹,

Kuusinen²,

Mb³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Retail buildings can provide energy flexibility to the grid with the possibility of load shifting and building automation systems. Demand response is a collective innovation in the smart grid domain. Various stakeholders should be involved in the demand response activities to ensure the success. The owners or senior management of retail buildings need to consider the stakeholders who are directly influenced by the demand response participation, e.g. customers and employees. Meanwhile, demand response activities are influenced by various factors, such as energy market structure, policy, etc. Therefore, this paper investigates the demand response readiness for retail buildings with three aspects: energy control preferences, stakeholder engagement, and cross-national differences. A questionnaire is designed and collected with store managers in Denmark (N=51) and the Philippines (N=36). The result shows that: 1) retail stores are much readier to participate in the implicit demand response by manual energy control compared to the utility control or building automation. Meanwhile, store managers have significant concerns about business activities and indoor lighting compared to other aspects; 2) the statistically significant influential factors for retail stores to participate in the demand response are related to whether the DR participation matches the company goals, influences business operation,  and whether retail stores are lack of related knowledge; 3) retail stores believe that stakeholders should be informed about the DR activities but not involved in; 4) there are significant differences regarding the energy control preferences and concerns between retail stores in Denmark and the Philippines, but no significant difference regarding the stakeholder engagement.

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“…For filtration control, increasing the flow rate can lower the indoor PM concentration, but at the same time increase the fan energy consumption. Many studies have proposed control strategies for ventilation or filtration systems to ensure acceptable indoor pollutant concentrations that consider energy consumption [17][18][19][20][21][22]. Ganesh et al [23] presented a model-based dynamic optimization strategy that minimized the energy consumption of an air handling unit while making sure that the concentration of indoor air pollutants (PM, HCHO, and ozone) remained within the permissible limits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ventilation and Filtration Control Strategy Considering PM2.5, IAQ, and System Energy

Kim¹,

Kim

Yeo

2020

Atmosphere

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Ventilation or filtration control is widely applied to improve indoor particle matter (PM) concentration. Adjusting the ventilation rates to control indoor PM levels can affect the concentration of other indoor pollutants and energy costs, and increasing the filtration flow rate can lower the indoor PM concentration, but also increase the fan energy consumption. In this study, we developed a ventilation and filtration control strategy to determine the optimal control mode and flow rate of the system to meet indoor PM (especially PM2.5) concentration, ensure adequate indoor air quality (IAQ), and minimize fan energy consumption. First, a dynamic model to estimate the indoor PM2.5 generation rate was developed based on the mass balance model and then verified by experiments. Next, the control limit (CL) curve was developed on the basis of the indoor PM2.5 characteristics depending on ventilation and filtration control during various indoor and outdoor PM2.5 conditions (indoor PM2.5 generation rate and outdoor PM2.5 concentration). In addition, an algorithm was proposed to determine the optimal control mode and flow rate of the system. Condition zone control can keep indoor PM2.5 below or as close to the desired target concentration as possible, maintain IAQ within acceptable ranges, and save about 15~70% of fan energy compared with the conventional rule-based control under the case condition.

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Impact of ventilation and filtration strategies on energy consumption and exposures in retail stores

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

A survey of demand response adoption in retail stores DR control preferences, stakeholder engagement, and cross-national differences

A survey of demand response adoption in retail stores DR control preferences, stakeholder engagement, and cross-national differences

Demand Response Readiness in Retail Stores: DR Control Preferences, Stakeholder Engagement, and Cross-National Differences

Ventilation and Filtration Control Strategy Considering PM2.5, IAQ, and System Energy

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