Impact of verticillium wilt on net photosynthesis, respiration and photorespiration in field-grown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Photosynthetic response of pepper plants to wilt induced by Verticillium dahliae and soil water deficit

“…By contrast, some authors have reported that other pathogenic mechanisms, apart from water stress, can play a significant role in either decreased photosynthesis or stomatal closure. Accelerated senescence, presumably caused by hormonal changes (Tzeng and DeVay 1985), and a possible involvement of toxins (Hampton et al, 1990) and ethylene (Aguirreolea et al, 1995), induced or synthesized by the pathogen are some of the proposed mechanisms. However, we can hypothesize that if the impaired CO 2 assimilation of infected plants was caused by mechanisms other than water stress, a differential response of the photosynthetic parameters (A, Ci and ETR) to Verticillium infection compared to drought would be expected.…”

“…In most of these studies, the reduction in net photosynthesis was attributed to stomatal closure, which reduces the concentration of CO 2 within leaves. By contrast, other authors have suggested that the presence of toxins, ethylene, and/or hormones, produced or elicited by the pathogen, may induce stomatal closure (Tzeng and DeVay, 1985;Aguirreolea et al, 1995) and/or damage of the leaf photosynthetic apparatus, by altering membrane integrity and disrupting electron transport (Mathre, 1968;Hampton et al, 1990;Lorenzini et al, 1997). Furthermore, the disruption in metabolic pathways of photosynthesis, such as a reduction in the amount and activity of Rubisco, as well as decreases in the capacity to regenerate the RuBP or to use adenosine triphosphate (ATP) have also been described as part of the mechanisms involved in the impaired CO 2 assimilation of plants infected with Verticillium (Mathre, 1968;Farquhar and Sharkey, 1982;Pennypacker et al, 1990).…”

Resistance against various fungal pathogens and reniform nematode in transgenic cotton plants expressing Arabidopsis NPR1

“…Verticillium wilt caused by V. dahliae and V. alboatrum is reported in more than two hundred dicotyledonous plant species and affects the production of various economically important crops, including cotton (Fradin and Thomma 2006). Decreased photosynthetic capacity, brown vascular discoloration, wilting and stunting are some of the symptoms of this disease in cotton (Hampton et al 1990;Fradin and Thomma 2006). We examined the resistance of the AtNPR1-expressing transformants against V. dahliae isolate TS2.…”

Molecular markers for Ve1 and Ve2 Verticillium resistance genes from Italian tomato germplasm

“…Verticillium dahliae , for example, infects as many as 660 plant species, including many important crops such as cotton, eggplant, tomato, potato and sunflower (Bowden et al. 1990, Hampton et al. 1990, Ligoxigakis and Vakalounakis 1992, Sadraz et al.…”

“…may dramatically decrease the yield and quality of many important cultivated crops belonging to different botanical families such as Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Malvaceae, Rosaceae, and Solanaceae (Domsch et al 1980). Verticillium dahliae, for example, infects as many as 660 plant species, including many important crops such as cotton, eggplant, tomato, potato and sunflower (Bowden et al 1990, Hampton et al 1990, Ligoxigakis and Vakalounakis 1992, Sadraz et al 2000, Karagiannidis et al 2002. Few strategies are available for the control of Verticillium spp.…”