Impact of Water Deficit during Fruit Development on Quality and Yield of Young Table Grape Cultivars

Abstract

Water limitation has a major effect on agricultural crop production, influencing yield as well as external and internal quality parameters of table grapes. Due to their high yield potential, table grapes have a particularly high risk for yield and quality losses when water is limited, but grapevines are known for high heterogeneity within cultivars. Therefore, we investigated the effect of prolonged water deficits (control, moderate, and severe deficit) during fruit development on yield and quality parameters of four different table grape cultivars (Vitis L.). Furthermore, we ranked their suitability for cultivation in areas suffering from water limitation. Up to 31% of irrigation water could be saved in comparison to the control, without significant negative effects on plant yield, berry size, or internal quality parameters, such as total soluble solids and total phenolic content. However, single bunch yield was highest at a moderate deficit and number of seeds in berries increased with the severity of deficit. Cultivar selection had the greatest influence on water consumption and mainly defined yield and quality parameters. The cultivar ‘Fanny’ produced the highest yields (195.17 g per plant), most bunches per plant (2.04), and biggest berries while cv. ‘Nero’ had the highest total soluble solids content (26.33 °Brix) and the highest total phenolic content (67.53 mg gallic acid equivalents per 100 g fresh weight). Overall, ‘Fanny’ was the most promising cultivar for cultivation under water-limited conditions during fruit development, without significant effects on yield and quality parameters.

Improving Water Use Efficiency, Yield, and Fruit Quality of Crimson Seedless Grapevines under Drought Stress

“…So, it is recommended to use 75% FC to save more water and increase IWUE. These results were in agreement with Weiler [75] who stated that more than 31% of water is saved without a significant negative effect on grape yield quantity and quality. Treatments with deficit irrigation level 60% FC and without hundzsoil or proline decreased the yield in both seasons.…”

Evaluation of some physical and chemical characteristics of two grape cultivars under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions

“…was higher than Tre-rash grape cv., may be returning for the irrigation method reason. Contrariwise to some our results the previous researches show that irrigation enhances the quality of grape berries like weight and size, but the differences between the outcomes of these studies and our study may be return to some factors, the first, effects water on berry components are often contrasting, because of various irrigation quantities, and time of irrigations and environmental conditions, caused by differences in water availability [14,54]. The second factor, such soil and plant characteristics, or even climatic factors, can affected on vine productivity also, berry development are intrinsically relate to temperature, irrespective of irrigate or not.…”

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“…Despite some inconsistencies in the obtained research results, all the mentioned authors believe that the greatest efficiency of local irrigation, reduction of energy consumption, and high efficiency of their use are achieved at clearly defined upper and lower thresholds for moistening the local soil volume (Vozhehova et al, 2017;Lemos-Paiаo et al, 2022;Scholasch & Rienth, 2019). Reducing soil moisture, or increasing it beyond the established limits, reduces the yield of plantings, the quality of berries, and the efficiency of using energy resources (Weiler et al, 2018).…”