Impact of whole-tree harvest on soil and stream water acidity in southern Sweden based on HD-MINTEQ simulations and pH-sensitivity

Löfgren, Stefan; Ågren, Anneli; Gustafsson, Jon Petter; Olsson, Bengt A.; Zetterberg, Therese

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2016.07.018

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The details of HD-MINTEQ have previously been described by Löfgren et al (2017). In brief, it relies on the Stockholm Humic Model (SHM) for organic complexation 20 (Gustafsson, 2001;Gustafsson and Kleja, 2005).…”

Section: Hd-minteqmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the impact of acid rain and forest harvest intensity with the HD-MINTEQ model – Soil chemistry of three Swedish conifer sites from 1880 to 2080

McGivney¹,

Belyazid²,

Zetterberg³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Forest soils are susceptible to anthropogenic acidification. In the past, acid rain was a major contributor to soil acidification, but now that atmospheric levels of S have dramatically declined, concern has shifted towards biomass-induced 20 acidification, i.e., decreasing soil solution pH due to tree growth and harvesting events that permanently remove base cations (BC) from forest stands. We use a novel dynamic model, HD-MINTEQ, to investigate the long-term impacts of two theoretical future harvesting scenarios in the year 2020, a conventional harvest (CH, which removes stems only) and a whole-tree harvest (WTH, which removes 100% of the above-ground biomass except for stumps), on soil chemistry and weathering rates at three different Swedish forest sites (Aneboda, Gårdsjön, and Kindla). Furthermore, acidification following the harvesting events is 25 compared to the historical acidification that took place during the 20 th century due to acid rain. Our results indicate that historical acidification due to acid rain had a larger impact on pore water chemistry and mineral weathering than tree growth and CH or WTH events, at least if nitrification remained at a low level. However, compared to a no-harvest scenario (NH), WTH and CH significantly impacted soil chemistry and weathering rates. Directly after a harvesting event (CH or WTH), the soil solution pH sharply increased for 5 to 10 years before slowly declining over the remainder of the simulation (until year 2Even though the pH values in the WTH and CH scenario decreased with time as compared to NH, they did not drop to the levels observed around the peak of historic acidification (1980)(1981)(1982)(1983)(1984)(1985)(1986)(1987)(1988)(1989)(1990), indicating that the pH decrease due to tree growth and harvesting would be less impactful than that of historic atmospheric acidification. Weathering rates differed across locations and soil layers in response to historic acidification, but at several sites and layers, annual weathering rates decreased in tandem with decreasing pH, which is likely due to Al 3+ weathering brakes. Weathering rates after the harvesting scenarios in 2020 5 generally increased although the dynamics were quite different depending on the site and soil layer.

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Section: Hd-minteqmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the impact of acid rain and forest harvest intensity with the HD-MINTEQ model – Soil chemistry of three Swedish conifer sites from 1880 to 2080

McGivney¹,

Belyazid²,

Zetterberg³

et al. 2018

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…The recently introduced HD-MINTEQ model (Löfgren et al 2017) is intended for scenario simulations of pH and dissolved ions in forest soils using a weekly time step. In the study of Löfgren et al (2017), HD-MINTEQ was used to predict the soil 5 chemical response to a stepwise change in S deposition, with and without whole-tree harvesting.…”

Section: Aluminium and Base Cations In Chum-am And In Hd-minteqmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the study of Löfgren et al (2017), HD-MINTEQ was used to predict the soil 5 chemical response to a stepwise change in S deposition, with and without whole-tree harvesting. HD-MINTEQ employs the Stockholm Humic Model (Gustafsson, 2001) to estimate the binding of base cations and aluminium to the soil solid phase.…”

Section: Aluminium and Base Cations In Chum-am And In Hd-minteqmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• To avoid software-specific differences, all models were set up in the HD-MINTEQ model framework (Löfgren et al 2017). 5…”

Section: Comparison Of Model Descriptions -General Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gustafsson and Kleja, 2005), we used the same assumptions as detailed by Löfgren et al (2017). Briefly, it was assumed that 30 % (O horizon) or 50 % (other layers) of the soil organic matter was active with respect to proton and cation binding.…”

Section: The Models -Brief Description and Initializationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aluminium and base cation chemistry in dynamic acidification models – need for a reappraisal?

Gustafsson¹,

Belyazid²,

McGivney³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Long-term simulations of the water composition in acid forest soils require that accurate descriptions of aluminium and base cation chemistry are used. Both weathering rates and soil nutrient availability depend on the concentrations of Al 3+ ,of H+, and of base cations (Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na + and K + ). Consequently, assessments of the acidification status and base cation 15 availability will depend on the model being used. Here we review in what ways different dynamic soil chemistry models describe the processes governing aluminium and base cation concentrations in the soil water. Furthermore, scenario simulations with the HD-MINTEQ are used to illustrate the difference between model approaches. The results show that all investigated models provide the same type of response to changes in input water chemistry. Still, for base cations we show that the differences in the magnitude of the response may be considerable depending on whether a cation-exchange equation 20 (Gaines-Thomas, Gapon) or an organic complexation model is used. The former approach, which is used in many currently used models (e.g. MAGIC, ForSAFE), causes stronger pH-buffering over a relatively narrow pH range, as compared to stateof-the-art models relying on more advanced descriptions in which organic complexation is important (CHUM, HD-MINTEQ).As for aluminium, a fixed gibbsite constant, as used in MAGIC and ForSAFE, leads to slightly more pH-buffering than in the more advanced models that consider both organic complexation and Al(OH)3(s) precipitation, but in this case the effect is 25 small. We conclude that the descriptions of acid-base chemistry and base cation binding in models such as MAGIC and ForSAFE are only likely to work satisfactorily in a narrow pH range. If the pH varies greatly over time, the use of modern organic complexation models is preferred over cation exchange equations.

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Long‐term resilience in microcrustacean communities despite environmental changes

et al. 2021

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The ability of communities to withstand stress or maintain their species composition over extended periods of environmental changes is a matter of major concern. Here, we utilize a dataset where microcrustacean communities were related to water chemistry in 82 boreal-alpine lakes over a 50-yr time span (1968 and 2016), with the same person involved in sampling both times ensuring identical sites and sampling protocols. Over this time span, there has been a 1-2°C increase in mean annual temperatures and prolonged growing seasons. Also, the strong changes in SO 4 deposition and acidification, peaking in the early 1980s, followed by a recovery period, have caused not only an increase in pH but also a pronounced browning (elevated DOC) and reduced levels of Ca over the past three decades. Despite this, the microcrustacean diversity and community composition have remained remarkably stable, and this holds both for the species-rich larger, boreal sites and the species-poor alpine sites. While likely there are interannual fluctuations in species abundance, and perhaps species may also be missing for certain periods, a combination of local refugia, resting egg seed-banks and a regional recolonization that may occur at the metapopulation level, aims at maintaining a strong stability in community composition.

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Impact of whole-tree harvest on soil and stream water acidity in southern Sweden based on HD-MINTEQ simulations and pH-sensitivity

Cited by 33 publications

References 65 publications

Assessing the impact of acid rain and forest harvest intensity with the HD-MINTEQ model – Soil chemistry of three Swedish conifer sites from 1880 to 2080

Assessing the impact of acid rain and forest harvest intensity with the HD-MINTEQ model – Soil chemistry of three Swedish conifer sites from 1880 to 2080

Aluminium and base cation chemistry in dynamic acidification models – need for a reappraisal?

Long‐term resilience in microcrustacean communities despite environmental changes

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