Impact of wildfires on SO2 detoxification mechanisms in leaves of oak and beech trees

Weber, Jan-Niklas; Kaufholdt, David; Meinen, Rieke; Bloem, Elke; Shahid, Afsheen; Rennenberg, Heinz; Hänsch, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116389

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Mitochondrial amidoxime reducing component (mARC) catalyses the initial N-reduction of amidoximes at the outer mitochondrial membrane in human cells [ 13 ], whereas its function in plants is not yet fully understood [ 14 ]. The survival of plants in a toxic atmosphere caused by SO 2 from volcanos or wildfires is only possible with the help of sulfite oxidase (SO) [ 15 , 16 ]. Furthermore, SO plays a role in controlling the cellular concentration of sulfite arising from sulfur metabolism [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The survival of plants in a toxic atmosphere caused by SO 2 from volcanos or wildfires is only possible with the help of sulfite oxidase (SO) [ 15 , 16 ]. Furthermore, SO plays a role in controlling the cellular concentration of sulfite arising from sulfur metabolism [ 16 ]. Therefore, plant growth and development depend on functional Mo-enzymes and their sufficient supply with Moco [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiological Importance of Molybdate Transporter Family 1 in Feeding the Molybdenum Cofactor Biosynthesis Pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2022

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Molybdate uptake and molybdenum cofactor (Moco) biosynthesis were investigated in detail in the last few decades. The present study critically reviews our present knowledge about eukaryotic molybdate transporters (MOT) and focuses on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, complementing it with new experiments, filling missing gaps, and clarifying contradictory results in the literature. Two molybdate transporters, MOT1.1 and MOT1.2, are known in Arabidopsis, but their importance for sufficient molybdate supply to Moco biosynthesis remains unclear. For a better understanding of their physiological functions in molybdate homeostasis, we studied the impact of mot1.1 and mot1.2 knock-out mutants, including a double knock-out on molybdate uptake and Moco-dependent enzyme activity, MOT localisation, and protein–protein interactions. The outcome illustrates different physiological roles for Moco biosynthesis: MOT1.1 is plasma membrane located and its function lies in the efficient absorption of molybdate from soil and its distribution throughout the plant. However, MOT1.1 is not involved in leaf cell imports of molybdate and has no interaction with proteins of the Moco biosynthesis complex. In contrast, the tonoplast-localised transporter MOT1.2 exports molybdate stored in the vacuole and makes it available for re-localisation during senescence. It also supplies the Moco biosynthesis complex with molybdate by direct interaction with molybdenum insertase Cnx1 for controlled and safe sequestering.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Importance of Molybdate Transporter Family 1 in Feeding the Molybdenum Cofactor Biosynthesis Pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2022

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“…A2) while the climatological average is ∼1 DU. During wildfire events unusually large amounts of SO 2 have been observed in previous studies including (Rickly et al, 2022;Weber et al, 2021;Ren et al, 2021).…”

Section: Impact On Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 56%

Investigation of the effects of the Greek extreme wildfires of August 2021 on air quality and spectral solar irradiance

Masoom

Fountoulakis²,

Kazadzis³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. In August 2021, a historic heatwave was recorded in Greece which resulted in extreme wildfire events that strongly affected the air quality over the city of Athens. Saharan dust was also transferred over Greece in the same period due to the prevailing southern winds. The impact of these events on air quality and surface solar radiation are investigated in this study. Event characterization based on active and passive remote sensing instrumentation has been performed. The study shows that significantly increased levels of air pollution were recorded during the end of July/first week of August. The smoke led to unusually high AOD values (up to 3.6), high Ångström Exponent (AE) (up to 2.4) and a strong and negative dependence of single scattering albedo (SSA) on wavelength that was observed to decrease from 0.93 at 440 nm to 0.86 at 1020 nm signifying the presence of strong absorbing aerosols. While, the dust event led to high AOD (up to 1.4), low AE (up to 0.9) and positive dependence of SSA on wavelength that was observed to increase from 0.89 at 440 nm to 0.95 at 1020 nm indicating large forward scattering due to coarse particles. Furthermore, the analysis of the smoke aerosol optical properties during the transfer from the source to a distance of about 240 km revealed that the SSA and AE changed significantly during the transfer, which lasted approximately 9 h. The transport of the plume led to an impressive change in the spectral shape of SSA whose value significantly increased pointing to the aging of smoke and the dilution of plumes while the transport. The impact of dust and smoke on spectral solar irradiance reveals significant differences in the spectral shape of attenuation caused by the two different aerosol species. The attenuation of solar irradiance in UV-B irradiance was found to be least in case of dust and highest due to smoke (up to 60 % or more) and intermediate in the case of a mixture of smoke and dust. The attenuation was comparatively less in NIR region (mostly within 20 % but it even reached up to 40 % in the presence of smoke) and VIS region (but greater than NIR region). Also, the AOD variations from climatology led to decrease in UV Index up to 53 %, in vitamin-D up to 50 %, in photosynthetically active radiation up to 21 % and in GHI up to 17 %, with implications on health, agriculture and energy. This study highlights the wider impacts of wildfires that are part of the wider problem of the Mediterranean countries, whose frequency is predicted to increase in view of the projected increasing occurrence of summer heatwaves.

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“…Evidence suggests tree species are variably affected by downwind nutrient deposition from fires, both in survival and in growth . Ozone, sulfur dioxide, VOCs, and PM downwind of fires can also affect plants, including reduced stomatal conductance, oxidative stress, and reduced carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) assimilation, leading to impacts such as protein degradation, reduced photosynthesis and photosynthetic efficiency, reduced seed production, and increased drought risk. , Short-term downwind sulfur dioxide exposure from wildfires in Germany caused oxidative stress in beech ( Fagus sylvatica ) trees, for instance . All effects ceased quickly (i.e., days), following the end of individual short-term smoke exposure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Air Pollutants from Wildfires on Downwind Ecosystems: Observations, Knowledge Gaps, and Questions for Assessing Risk

Paul,

LeDuc,

Boaggio

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Wildfires have increased in frequency and area burned, trends expected to continue with climate change. Among other effects, fires release pollutants into the atmosphere, representing a risk to human health and downwind terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. While human health risks are well studied, the ecological impacts to downwind ecosystems are not, and this gap may present a constraint on developing an adequate assessment of the ecological risks associated with downwind wildfire exposure. Here, we first screened the scientific literature to assess general knowledge about pathways and end points of a conceptual model linking wildfire generated pollutants and other materials to downwind ecosystems. We found a substantial body of literature on the composition of wildfire derived pollution and materials in the atmosphere and subsequent transport, yet little observational or experimental work on their effects on downwind ecological end points. This dearth of information raises many questions related to adequately assessing the ecological risk of downwind exposure, especially given increasing wildfire trends. To guide future research, we pose eight questions within the wellestablished US EPA ecological risk assessment paradigm that if answered would greatly improve ecological risk assessment and, ultimately, management strategies needed to reduce potential wildfire impacts.

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Impact of wildfires on SO2 detoxification mechanisms in leaves of oak and beech trees

Cited by 13 publications

References 59 publications

Physiological Importance of Molybdate Transporter Family 1 in Feeding the Molybdenum Cofactor Biosynthesis Pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana

Physiological Importance of Molybdate Transporter Family 1 in Feeding the Molybdenum Cofactor Biosynthesis Pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana

Investigation of the effects of the Greek extreme wildfires of August 2021 on air quality and spectral solar irradiance

Effects of Air Pollutants from Wildfires on Downwind Ecosystems: Observations, Knowledge Gaps, and Questions for Assessing Risk

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