“…Studies have to a large extent included overt forms of aggression such as workplace bullying, which subsequently has been tied to detrimental effects such as symptoms related to posttraumatic stress, burnout (Nielsen & Einarsen, 2012), and lower well-being (Lovell & Lee, 2011;Nielsen & Einarsen, 2012;Sloan, 2012). In the study of workplace aggression, less overt behaviors, such as workplace incivility, have not been approached to the same extent despite that it is reported to be an increasing phenomenon (Estes & Wang, 2008) and research demonstrating that workplace incivility has consequences comparable to those of workplace bullying (Hershcovis, 2011).…”