Impacto da ascensão chinesa sobre os países latino-americanos

Abstract

RESUmO: Este trabalho faz uma revisão da expansão das relações econômicas entre a China e os países da América Latina na última década. O grande processo de urbanização chinesa foi o principal estímulo para as exportações de commodities desses países e a China tornou-se o maior mercado para exportação e grande fornecedor de produtos manufaturados para muitos dos países da América Latina , assim como também tem ampliado sua contribuição para investimento e crédito. Nesse processo de reestruturação da divisão internacional do trabalho consideramos dois efeitos diferentes, um "efeito de demanda" e um "efeito de estrutura" e iinvestigamos como a complementaridade e as pressões competitivas afetou o comércio dentro da região e nos países de acordo com seus diferentes padrões e estrutura produtiva. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: China; América Latina; padrões do comércio; complementaridade; concorrência; comércio.ABSTRACT: The impact of China's rise on Latin-AAmerican countries. we review in this paper the expansion of economic relations between China and Latin America Countries (LAC) in the last decade. The large process of Chinese urbanization was the main driver for LAC commodity exports and China became the largest market for export and large supplier of manufactures for many LAC and its contribution for investment and credit has enlarged as well. In this process of restructuring of international division of labor we considered two different effects, a "demand effect" and a "structure effect" and investigated how complementarity and competitive pressures affected trade within region and in LAC according to their different patterns and productive structure.

The Amazon and the Internationalisation of Chinese Companies

“…In the twenty-first century, they should be considered consolidated players in the dynamics of global capitalism, both in the case of Chinese companies and in the case of companies from countries such as Brazil, India and Russia -the BRICS in general. Especially regarding China, theoretical analyses and explanations have focused on three basic areas: (i) studies to determine the motivations and format of Chinese multinational companies' foreign investment in hosts that are developing countries (Morris et al 2002;Buckley et al 2007;Cheung and Qian 2009;Kolstad and Wiig 2012;Lin 2015); (ii) the effects of this 'Chinese presence' on promoting economic development of hosts (Cheng and Ma 2010;Jenkins 2011;Armony and Strauss 2012;Kotschwar and Muir 2012); and (iii) the international competition capacity of Chinese multinational companies or the predominance of long-term national development goals in their business strategies (Rugman and Li 2007;Carmody and Owusu 2011;Ellis 2012;Morris et al 2012;Medeiros and Cintra 2015). There is also a fourth group, which seeks to identify trajectory or activity patterns of Chinese multinational companies (Boisot and Meyer 2008).…”

The political economy of reforms and the present Chinese transition

“…2 Latin America is a case that combines of structure and demand effects that the increased Chinese share of its export and import tables. See: Medeiros and Cintra (2015). sition to a pattern centered on the mobilization of resources for consumption. This ia a trace under the form of structural imbalance that interact with the internal environment forming financial bubbles and resulting in high provincial debt -the harbingers of a financial crisis and expressions of a long internal process of transition.…”

Why Has Brazil Stopped Growing? Reverberation about the Brazilian Crisis

“…So, the exports to China were relevant to the development of the country. But, from the moment these recent changes occurred in China's economic structure, as well as the recent corruption scandals in the Brazilian politician and social programs (frauds), several indicators slowed down, and some got even worst, like the interest rate and unemployment rate (Medeiros & Cintra, 2015).…”

“…One can comprehend, that the base for the Brazilian distribution of income and employment was the commodities valuations and the international liquidity excess in the 1990s and 2000, which increased the Chinese trade level internationally and also gave security in the international business (MEDEIROS & CINTRA, 2015). With the generous money coming from the commodities, the government filled the safes wit h international reserves, but failed to look at the industry.…”