Impacto metabólico e inflamatorio de una comida rica en grasas saturadas y su relación con la obesidad abdominal

Abstract

Introduction: The postprandial stage is associated with the increase of markers related to cardiovascular risk, and its intensity depends on the metabolic state. Objective: To determine the impact of a high-fat meal intake on the metabolic and inflammatory profile, and its relationship to abdominal obesity. Materials and methods: This clinical trial included 42 individuals (21 with abdominal obesity). We measured glucose, insulin, lipid profile, reactive C protein, lipopolysaccharides, andinterleukin 6 in fasting blood, and four hours after eating. Results: Besides obesity, we found insulin resistance and higher levels of fasting triacylglycerides and C-reactive protein. There were higher postprandial responses to glucose, insulin, and triacylglycerides. Interleukin 6 decreased in the non-obese group, and lipopolysaccharides increased in both groups. Conclusions: A saturated high-fat food intake produced a greater impact on the glycemic variables in the group with obesity, while it affected the lipids in both groups. However, the increase of triacylglycerides was higher in the presence of a high basal concentration, and it promoted the increase of lipopolysaccharides. The basal and postprandial inflammatory state affected the group with obesity more. The postprandial moment reflected the most frequent state of the individuals on a normal day and evidenced the capacity of the metabolic response to food intake, as well as early metabolic risk states.

The Metabolic Concept of Meal Sequence vs. Satiety: Glycemic and Oxidative Responses with Reference to Inflammation Risk, Protective Principles and Mediterranean Diet

“…Recent studies have shown that ingestion of a meal high in saturated fat can induce metabolic endotoxemia [42,43] and increase the expression of proinflammatory immunoregulatory molecules such as lipopolysaccharides [42], TNFα, VCAM-1 [43] and IL-1β [44], as well as modulating circulating miRNAs controlling inflammatory and lipid and protein metabolism in the postprandial period [43], while increased unsaturated fatty acid consumption could attenuate the inflammatory status [44]. Intake of foods high in saturated fat was shown to postprandially influence blood lipid concentrations independently of body weight, and to more strongly influence glycaemic and proinflammatory lipopolysaccharides and metabolic risk [45].…”

Value Chain in the Production of Sacha Inchi Oil (<i>Plukenetia volubilis</i> L.) in Cuba

“…This oil has a great nutritional potential with multiple health benefits, such as, strengthening the cardiovascular system, preventing heart disease [3] and maintaining brain health [4] Moreover, the set of sterols present in the oil shows a hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant effect [5].…”

Alternative Foods in Cardio-Healthy Dietary Models that Improve Postprandial Lipemia and Insulinemia in Obese People

“…This increased interest in the higher incidence of obesity has arisen because it is the main cause of non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and some types of cancer, which in turn increase the mortality rate due to these diseases and generate a heavy economic burden on health systems worldwide [ 3 , 4 ]. Obesity involves a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors, including diet [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. The adoption of unhealthy lifestyles and the adherence to a typical Western dietary model, including a low level of physical activity, and the consumption of saturated fats, carbohydrates, and sugary beverages, constitutes the main cause of obesity [ 8 ].…”

“…There is a rapid remodeling of the lipoproteins and a greater number of metabolic adaptations compared to the fasting state [ 9 ]. The problem arises because in modern life, people often consume foods more than three times a day, so they remain in the postprandial state for most of the day [ 5 , 10 ], without the opportunity to achieve lipid clearance or glucose homeostasis.…”