Impacto Psicossocial De Pacientes Candidatos a Transplante De Fígado

Abstract

PSYChOSOCIAL IMPACT OF PATIENTS WAITING FOR LIvER TRANSPLANTAbSTRACT: The psychosocial impact (PI) of familial caregivers (FC) on liver pre-transplant patients is assessed by a transversal and quantitative study undertaken at the HC of the UFMG, Brazil. Three tools were employed, namely, demographic and clinical characteristics and Zarit Inventory for PI. Data were analyzed by descriptive and comparative statistics with Shapiro-Wilk, χ 2 and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Further, 73% of the 119 participants were males, aged 50 ± 12; 70% were married; 60% had basic schooling and 13% were employed. Highest percentage of FCs was made up of patients´ children, with α at 0.81. Relationship between males (0.018), schooling (0.014), encephalopathy (0.039), number of drugs (0.029) and happiness (0.028) with PI was reported. Highest schooling rate meant more happiness and, with less concomitant diseases, the lower was PI in FCs. Highest PI rate in FCs occurrred in male patients, with low schooling, with encephalopathy, when a concomitant disease and greater number of drugs occurred.

Profile and Social Assessment of Liver Transplant Candidates: A Retrospective Approach

“…Regarding the social profile of those aspiring to liver transplantation, the high percentage of males (N=116; 66.7) is similar to studies of the same type (male prevalence > 60%). [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] This incidence may be related to the fact that men are more affected by liver disease than women. 20 This may be due to men seeking medical care late, which is possibly linked to gender determinations that put pressure on men to assume the position of family provider as a priority, which may lead them to neglect seeking health services.…”

“…21,22 As for the findings of candidates with a partner (N=129; 74.1%), they are in line with other studies (most > 60%). 12,14,15,19 In addition to contributing to dialogue and communication between family and team, the presence of a partner is a positive and strategic factor both in terms of conveying information and in terms of family care and monitoring, which are fundamental dimensions of the treatment. 12 In this context, the transplant social worker carries out a humanized process 5 of listening, dialogue and planning with families and candidates 23 so that family care does not become an overload for the partner.…”

“…On the other hand, greater social vulnerability was observed in fourteen (14) categories: gender, origin, level of individual and family education, inactivity, occupational level in the labor market, social assistance or social security ties, partial access to medication, per person family income and extra expenses. This profile provides important elements for identifying and reflecting on the social needs/demands of each assisted individual.…”

Perfil e Avaliação Social de Candidatos a Transplante de Fígado: Uma Abordagem Retrospectiva

“…demonstra proximidade em relação a estudos de mesma modalidade (prevalência masculina > 60%). [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Tal incidência pode estar relacionada ao fato de homens serem mais acometidos por doenças hepáticas se comparados às mulheres. 20 Isso pode ocorrer pela busca de atendimento médico de modo tardio, o que possivelmente está atrelado às determinações de gênero que pressionam o homem a assumir prioritariamente a posição de provedor da família, podendo levá-lo negligenciar a busca por serviços de saúde.…”

“…21,22 Quanto aos achados de aspirantes com companheiro (N=129; 74,1%), estão em harmonia com demais pesquisas (maior parte > 60%). 12,14,15,19 Além de contribuir com o diálogo e comunicação entre família e equipe, a presença de um/a companheiro/a caracteriza um fator positivo e estratégico tanto na veiculação de informações quanto no cuidado e acompanhamento familiar, dimensões fundamentais para o tratamento. 12 Neste âmbito, o/a assistente social do transplante realiza um processo humanizado 5 de escuta, dialogo e planejamento com as famílias e os candidatos 23 no intuito de que o cuidado familiar não se torne em sobrecarga para o/a companheiro/a.…”