Impacts of basal melting of the Totten Ice Shelf and biological productivity on marine biogeochemical components in Sabrina Coast, East Antarctica

Abstract

To clarify the impact of basal melting of the Antarctic ice sheet and biological productivity on biogeochemical processes in Antarctic coastal waters, concentrations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), inorganic nutrients, chlorophyll a, and stable oxygen isotopic ratios (δ 18 O) were measured from the offshore slope to the ice front of the Totten Ice Shelf (TIS) during the spring/summer of 2018, 2019, and 2020. Off the TIS, modified Circumpolar Deep Water (mCDW) intruded onto the continental shelf and flowed along bathymetric troughs into the TIS cavity, where it met the ice shelf base and formed a buoyant mixture with glacial meltwater. Physical oceanographic processes mostly determined the distributions of DIC, TA, and nutrient concentrations. However, DIC, TA, and nutrient concentrations on the surface of the ice front were decreased by photosynthesis and the dilution effect of meltwater from sea ice and the base of the ice shelf. The partial pressure of CO 2 (pCO 2 ) in surface water was reduced by photosynthesis and dilution, and the surface water became a strong CO 2 sink for the atmosphere. The DIC and TA (normalized to salinity of 34.3 to correct for dilution effects) changed in a molar ratio of 106:16 because of phytoplankton photosynthesis. The decrease of pCO 2 by more than 100 μatm with respect to mCDW was thus the result of photosynthesis. The nutrient consumption ratio suggested that enough iron was present in the water column to supply the surface layer via buoyancy-driven upwelling and basal melting of the TIS. Hosted filetable1.docx available at https://authorea.com/users/534203/articles/598413-impacts-of-basalmelting-of-the-totten-ice-shelf-and-biological-productivity-on-marine-biogeochemicalcomponents-in-sabrina-coast-east-antarctica Hosted file support infomation tamura p et al.docx