Impacts of Biodiesel Applied to the Transportation Fleets in the Greater Houston Area

Du, Hongbo; Huque, Ziaul; Kommalapati, Raghava R.

doi:10.1155/2018/7350715

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…CO emissions were high at the beginning of the urban cycle for all fuels due to its cold engine operation condition. Here, CO emissions at the beginning of the cycle could be suppressed as the biodiesel ratio increased due to the oxygen content of biodiesel [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. CO emissions during the rest of the cycle were near zero except at the maximum vehicle speed of the extra-urban cycle, which reached 120 km/h, but were still low due to the DOC having reached its optimum ignition temperature [19].…”

Section: Emissions Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hongbo Du et.al reported that biodiesel could promote a decrease in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. They reported that the use of B20 in a 50% diesel vehicle in the Greater Houston Area could reduce daily GHG by 712.1 CO 2 equivalent tons [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of papers have studied the characteristics of emissions, performance and combustion of high-ratio biodiesel fuel and pure diesel fuel. The performance and emissions characteristics of biodiesel engines are mainly determined by engine type and its settings, engine emissions control technologies, testing methodology and biodiesel resources [1,[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the impact of high-ratio biodiesel blends fuel and pure biodiesel (B100) on the performance and emissions of advanced vehicle technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Study on Utilization of High-Ratio Biodiesel and Pure Biodiesel in Advanced Vehicle Technologies

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

an experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of high-ratio biodiesel and pure biodiesel on the emissions and performance of Euro4-compliant vehicles. The tested fuels were diesel fuel, biodiesel with a ratio of 30% by volume (B30), biodiesel with a ratio of 50% (B50) and pure biodiesel FAME (B100), while the tested vehicle is of the Euro4-compliant standard currently available in the Indonesian market. In this study, tests on emissions, performance and fuel economy were conducted based on the international standard of the UN ECE R83-05, adopted as UN ECE R-85 and UN ECE R-101 respectively. This study also investigated the effect of the carbon-to-hydrogen ratio on the carbon balance formula. Here, the paper proposed a modified R101 carbon balance formula to calculate the fuel economy for high-ratio and pure biodiesel fuels. The results showed that biodiesel had lower CO, HC and particulate emissions, while NOx emissions were higher compared to diesel fuel. However, pure biodiesel was within the limits imposed by the Euro4 emissions standard. Maximum power output with high-ratio biodiesel decreased by up to 10% with B100. The fuel economy of the B30, B50 and B100 biodiesels was lower than diesel fuel by 3%, 7% and 11%, respectively, based on the modified carbon balance formula for high-ratio biodiesel fuel.

show abstract

Section: Emissions Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Study on Utilization of High-Ratio Biodiesel and Pure Biodiesel in Advanced Vehicle Technologies

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…CN is also an important parameter that reflects engine performance, the generation of nitrous oxide, and the combustion of biodiesel (Islam et al, 2013.;Cho et al, 2019). Although the biodiesel properties of strain KNUA061 showed slightly higher values of IV (138-147) and lower values of than the standard values (IV: ≤120; CN: ≥47), it is still expected that the biodiesel produced from T. obliquus KNUA061 could be used as a blending resource for transportation fuels since biodiesel blends with petrodiesel have been widely used as automotive fuels worldwide (Kousoulidou et al, 2010;Salvi and Panwar 2012;Du et al, 2018). However, further studies are needed to promote biodiesel properties by changing the cultivation conditions and other biotechnological techniques.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Enhancement of carbamazepine removal rate using Tetradesmus obliquus KNUA061 and NaOCl and utilization of the resulting biomass

Yeo

et al. 2022

Front. Energy Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) are discharged into receiving water bodies mainly from sewage treatment plants. Due to the inefficient removal in conventional wastewater treatment facilities, PPCPs have become a major concern to aquatic ecosystems, water quality, and public health worldwide since they cause harmful effects on aquatic life and human even at low doses. Among the PPCPs, carbamazepine (CBZ) is one of the most commonly prescribed anticonvulsant drugs and consumed more than 1,000 tons per year. Due to its structural complexity, CBZ is known as recalcitrant compound highly stable during wastewater treatment. Consequently, it has become one of the most frequently detected pharmaceuticals in waste water, surface water, and even drinking water. In this study, Korean indigenous microalgae strains were tested as eco-friendly and cost-effective solutions for CBZ removal. Based on the preliminary biological CBZ degradation tests, Tetradesmus obliquus KNUA061 demonstrating the best CBZ removal rate was selected for further experiments. In order to increase strain KNUA061's CBZ removal efficiency, NaOCl, which is widely accepted in the water purification process, was used as an additional stimulus to induce stress conditions. At around 20 μg L−1 CBZ, addition of 1.0 mg NaOCl resulted in approximately 20% of removal rate increase without suppressing cells growth. Roughly 90% of CBZ remained its original form and the composition of the transformed secondary metabolites was less than 10% during the biodegradation process by the microalga. Based on the results of the antioxidant enzyme activities, degree of lipid oxidation, and amino acid contents, it was concluded that the redox-defence system in microalgal cells may have been activated by the NaOCl treatment. Biomass analysis results showed that higher heating value (HHV) of strain KNUA061 biomass was higher than those of lignocellulosic energy crops suggesting that it could be utilized as a possible renewable energy source. Even though its biodiesel properties were slightly below the international standards due to the high PUFA contents, the biodiesel produced from T. obliquus KNUA061 could be used as a blending resource for transportation fuels. It was also determined that the microalgal biomass has acceptable feasibility as a sustainable dietary supplement feedstock due to its high essential amino acid contents.

show abstract

“…Blends of B20 and lower than that are used in diesel engines without requiring any change in the engine design and control calibration [25]. B20 is the most common biodiesel blend, and B5 is usually used in transportation [30,31]. Biodiesels are rarely used in RCCI combustion engines as port fuel injection [32] and are often used as direct fuel injection [33,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed Analysis of the Effects of Biodiesel Fraction Increase on the Combustion Stability and Characteristics of a Reactivity-Controlled Compression Ignition Diesel-Biodiesel/Natural Gas Engine

Zarrinkolah

Hosseini

2022

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A single-cylinder marine diesel engine was modified to be operated in reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion mode. The engine fueling system was upgraded to a common rail fuel injection system. Natural gas (NG) was used as port fuel injection, and a diesel/sunflower methyl ester biodiesel mixture was used for direct fuel injection. The fraction of biodiesel in the direct fuel injection was changed from 0% (B0; 0% biodiesel and 100% diesel) to 5% (B5) and 20% (B20) while keeping the total energy input into the engine constant. The objective was to understand the impacts of the increased biodiesel fraction on the combustion characteristics and stability, emissions, and knocking/misfiring behavior, keeping all other influential parameters constant. The results showed that nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions of B5 and B20 without the need for any after-treatment devices were lower than the NOx emission limit of the Euro VI stationary engine regulation. B5 and B20 NOx emissions decreased by more than 70% compared to the baseline. Significantly more unburned hydrocarbons (UHCs) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions were produced when biodiesel was used in the direct fuel injection (DFI). The results also showed that using B5 and B20 instead of B0 led to an increase of 18% and 13.5% in UHCs and an increase of 88.5% and 97% in CO emissions, respectively. Increasing the biodiesel fraction to B5 and B20 reduced the maximum in-cylinder pressure by 3% and 10.2%, respectively, compared to B0. Combustion instability is characterized by the coefficient of variation (COV) of the indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), which was measured as 4.2% for B5 and 4.8% for B20 compared to 1.8% for B0. Therefore, using B20 and B5 resulted in up to 34.9% combustion instabilities, and 18.5% compared to the baseline case. The tendency for knocking decreased from 13.7% for B0 to 4.3% for B20. The baseline case (B0) had no misfiring cycle. The B5 case had some misfiring cycles, but no knocking cycle was observed. Moreover, the historical cyclic analysis showed more data dispersions when the biodiesel fraction increased in DFI. This study shows the potential of biodiesel replacement in NG/diesel RCCI combustion engines. This study shows that biodiesel can be used to effectively reduce NOx emissions and the knocking intensity of RCCI combustion. However, combustion instability needs to be monitored.

show abstract

Impacts of Biodiesel Applied to the Transportation Fleets in the Greater Houston Area

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

A Study on Utilization of High-Ratio Biodiesel and Pure Biodiesel in Advanced Vehicle Technologies

A Study on Utilization of High-Ratio Biodiesel and Pure Biodiesel in Advanced Vehicle Technologies

Enhancement of carbamazepine removal rate using Tetradesmus obliquus KNUA061 and NaOCl and utilization of the resulting biomass

Detailed Analysis of the Effects of Biodiesel Fraction Increase on the Combustion Stability and Characteristics of a Reactivity-Controlled Compression Ignition Diesel-Biodiesel/Natural Gas Engine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About