Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture for Local Paddy Water Requirement Irrigation Barito Kuala, South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract

Increasing rice consumption demand in Indonesia has provided serious problems such as food insecurity. Being the major staple food, rice production is the main priority of medium and long term development planning in Indonesia. Local rice production is strongly affected by climate conditions, especially in South Kalimantan. Nowadays, the world must adjust to climate change. One of significant effects of changing climate on agriculture is related to productivity. Evapotranspiration is the major cause of loss of water needed, for agricultural requirements. The crop requires effective irrigation system with adequate water amount. The main objective of this research is to analyze the water requirements for the irrigation units in Barito Kuala, South Kalimantan concerning local rice cultivation under the climate change scenarios. Supposed rainfall during the 2050s and 2090s are obtained from four downscaled circulated models and one model for projected temperature under CMIP5 with RCPs 8.5 scenario. Penman-Monteith method was used to calculate the evapotranspiration value. Based on future effective rainfall water requirement is estimated. The result shows the impact of climate change on the water irrigation requirement of local paddy cultivation are 56% and 25 % higher than current condition in July and September October respectively.

Analysis of SDGS research: The relationship between climate change, poverty, inequality, and food security: The Indonesian context

“…The impact of climate change on irrigation water demand for local rice cultivation was 56% and 25%, higher than current conditions in July, September, and October, respectively (Achyadi et al, 2019). Climate change also has a significant impact on fluctuations in agricultural production and food security.…”

Evaluating the effect of climate change on rice production in Indonesia using multimodelling approach

“…Yuliawan and Handoko (2016) [ 132 ] utilized the Shierary Rice model to evaluate the impact of temperature rise on rice crop yield in Indonesia, revealing a reduction in yield of up to 11.1% and 14.4% in rainfed and irrigated areas, respectively, for a 1 °C temperature increase. Achyadi et al (2019) [ 155 ] analyzed water requirements for irrigation units in Barito Kuala, South Kalimantan, under climate change scenarios, concerning local rice cultivation. The study revealed that the impact of climate change on water irrigation requirements for local paddy cultivation during the 2050s and 2090s would be 56% and 25% higher than current conditions in July and September–October, respectively.…”

Relationship Between Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Rice Growth Phases in Danda Jaya Swamp Irrigation Area Regency Barito Kuala

“…The monthly average temperature in South Kalimantan is 26,22°C; the minimum temperature mainly occurs in January and December. The maximum temperature occurs in May [13]. Planting patterns using superior rice can be done up to 2 times a year, but the recommended planting period is the beginning of the first planting period, November-February, and the second planting period, March-June.…”