Impacts of climate change on aquaculture

Collins, Catherine; Bresnan, Eileen; Brown, Lyndsay; Falconer, Lynne; Guilder, James; Jones, Laurence; Kennerley, Adam; Malham, Shelagh K.; Murray, Alexander; Stanley, Michele S.

doi:10.14465/2020.arc21.aqu

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Due to this rising demand in fish consumption, the aquaculture industry, especially with regard to salmonids species, is facing several challenges (Ahmed et al, 2019), including emerging diseases (Pulkkinen et al, 2010), lack of genetic diversity, low survival rates (Skaala et al, 2019) and low robustness of fish to respond environmental stressors (Castro et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2016). Furthermore, the aquaculture sector is expected to be significantly affected by anthropogenic climate change which may lead to suboptimal rearing conditions, that further challenge aquaculture production (Blanchard et al, 2017;Barange et al, 2018;Reid et al, 2019;Collins et al, 2020;Calado et al, 2021;Maulu et al, 2021;Oyinlola et al, 2022). Heat waves are, for instance, causing massive mortality events in aquaculture as the fish cannot escape the rapidly warming waters (Froehlich et al, 2018;Wade et al, 2019;FAO, 2020;Gamperl et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic Exercise Training With Optimal Intensity Increases Cardiac Thermal Tolerance in Juvenile Rainbow Trout

et al. 2022

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Domestication and selective breeding for rapid-growth have impaired the cardiorespiratory system of salmonids, which might compromise their capacity to tolerate environmental stressors, such as heat waves. Exercise training by swimming has been proposed as a potential tool to enhance growth, cardiac function and disease resilience in farmed fish and thereby improves aquaculture production. However, whether exercise training could also improve cardiac robustness against heat waves, which are becoming more common and cause severe challenges to aquaculture, remains unknown. Here, we trained juvenile rainbow trout at three different training velocities: 0.06 m*s-1 (or 0.9 body lengths per second [bl*s-1]; control group), 0.11 m*s-1 (or 1.7 bl*s-1; medium speed group) and 0.17 m*s-1 (or 2.7 bl*s-1; high speed group) for 5 weeks, 6h per day, 5 days per week. Measuring maximal heart rate (fHmax) during acute warming, we demonstrated that training at 1.7 bl*s-1 was optimal in order to increase the temperature at which fHmax reached its peak (Tpeak) as well as the upper thermal tolerance of the cardiovascular function (arrhythmia temperature, TARR), up to 3.6°C as compared to the control fish. However, more intensive training did not provide similar improvement on thermal tolerance. Both training regimes enhanced the ventricular citrate synthase activity which may provide higher aerobic energy production capacity for ventricles. Further mechanistic studies are needed to understand the complex interactions between training intensities and changes in thermal tolerance. Although not conclusive on that point, our findings present a valid training programme for hatchery salmonids to increase their cardiac thermal tolerance and consequently probably also their capacity to tolerate heat waves, which has a direct application for aquaculture.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic Exercise Training With Optimal Intensity Increases Cardiac Thermal Tolerance in Juvenile Rainbow Trout

et al. 2022

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“…These unexpected oscillations are a challenge for species adaptation that particularly affect sessile organisms, such as bivalves, which due to their reduced mobility (Berger and Kharazova, 1997;Helmuth and Hofmann, 2001;Alves de Almeida et al, 2007). These extreme salinity events are expected to be more frequent in coastal areas (Levinton et al, 2011;Collins et al, 2020) due to heavy rainfall, as was also forecasted for the coast of Galicia (Alvarez et al, 2005;Parada et al, 2012) particularly in winter (Cardoso Pereira et al, 2020;Lorenzo and Alvarez, 2020).…”

Section: Ecosystems Impactmentioning

confidence: 93%

Advancing real-time pH sensing capabilities to monitor coastal acidification as measured in a productive and dynamic estuary (Ría de Arousa, NW Spain)

Velo

Pad́ın²

2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Ocean acidification has critical impacts on marine ecosystems, but presents knowledge gaps on the ecological impacts requiring large-scale monitoring of physicochemical conditions to predict biological responses to ocean pH projections. The threat is especially significant in coastal regions like upwelling areas which are more sensitive and appear to respond more rapidly to anthropogenic perturbations. These ecosystems, such as the northwest coast of the Iberian Peninsula are characterized by complex physical and biogeochemical interactions, supporting enormous biological productivity and productive fisheries. The distribution of pH in upwelling systems has high variability on short temporal and spatial scales preventing a complete picture of acidification, which exhibit long-term pH rates markedly different from the measured in open waters. This motivation to significantly expand the coverage of pH monitoring in coastal areas has driven us to develop an autonomous pH monitoring instrument (from now on SURCOM) based on the Honeywell Durafet® pH electrode. A relevant feature is that SURCOM transmits near real-time pH and temperature measurements every 10.5 min through SIGFOX®, a low-power, low-bandwidth network for data transmission. This very careful design allows us to achieve a very low power consumption for the complete system resulting in 3 years of full autonomy with no other need than external cleaning and calibration. In this paper we describe the setup and the data set obtained by a SURCOM instrument over 240 days in a highly productive and dynamic coastal ecosystem, the Ría de Arousa embayment, providing valuable information on the performance of these low-cost and highly stable sensors, with potential for improving the pH variability description in nearshore systems and for reinforcing the monitoring-modeling of coastal acidification.

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“…However, there is currently a lack of knowledge in this area, particularly in relation to small-size and lowtrophic level fish, with the effects on only 1% of the recorded fish species having been assessed (Huang et al, 2021). In contrast, rising sea surface temperatures are expected to increase growth rates for most UK farmed species, although this will depend on whether the optimal temperature range for growth is exceeded (Collins et al, 2020).…”

Section: Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Plenty more fish in the sea? – is there a place for seafood within a healthier and more sustainable diet?

Steenson

Creedon

2022

Nutrition Bulletin

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Fish and other seafood species play an important nutritional, economic and social role within current diets worldwide, providing significant amounts of protein and micronutrients for an estimated 3 billion people. Advice to consume fish is a common feature of dietary guidelines globally, including in the UK. However, increased global demand for seafood has led to overfishing and environmental damage linked to aquaculture expansion; issues, which are exacerbated by climate change. This raises the question of whether future demand for seafood can be met sustainably. In this article, we provide professionals working in diet, nutrition and health with an insight into the challenges facing the seafood sector and offer advice on how consumers may include seafood within a healthier and more sustainable diet. While a complex and multi-faceted challenge, fisheries scientists estimate that successful implementation of better management practices (for farmed and wild-capture fisheries) can meet future demand, allow fish stocks to rebuild to sustainable levels, help mitigate environmental effects of aquaculture, and ensure profitable fisheries to support the ~60 million people employed by the seafood sector globally. Those working within the UK food system, including nutrition and health professionals, and businesses, can support the transition towards a more sustainable future for seafood by: encouraging consumption of a wider variety of species by UK consumers; increasing awareness of and knowledge about 'ecolabel' certifications designed to help consumers identify more sustainable choices; and engaging with multi-stakeholder initiatives addressing sustainability challenges facing the seafood sector.

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Impacts of climate change on aquaculture

Cited by 10 publications

References 54 publications

Aerobic Exercise Training With Optimal Intensity Increases Cardiac Thermal Tolerance in Juvenile Rainbow Trout

Aerobic Exercise Training With Optimal Intensity Increases Cardiac Thermal Tolerance in Juvenile Rainbow Trout

Advancing real-time pH sensing capabilities to monitor coastal acidification as measured in a productive and dynamic estuary (Ría de Arousa, NW Spain)

Plenty more fish in the sea? – is there a place for seafood within a healthier and more sustainable diet?

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